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FORAGE SEED - PRENEURSHIP FOR RURAL EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME GENERATION FILE PART - C GRASSES AND LEGUMES FOR PASTURES AND GRASSLANDS
- 1. FORAGE SEED - PRENEURSHIP FOR RURAL EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME GENERATION FILE PART - C GRASSES AND LEGUMES FOR PASTURES AND GRASSLANDS S N BOTANICAL NAME, LOCAL NAME / USES AND APP. SEED COST ( Rs/Kg) SEED RATE (Kg/ha) / No.sapli ngs FODDER YIELD (t/ha) Green /Dry Matter SEED YIELD (Kg/ha) AREA SUITAB ILITY IMAGE CROP AND SEED 1 Cenchrus ciliaris L.- ( ANJAN GHAS) For grazing and hay making Rs550./kg 4–5 / 33000 Saplings 9 -11 Green / 6 -11 Dry Matter 125 – 150 kg/ha Arid and semi- arid sub tropics 2 Cenchrus setigerus Vahl. (DHAMAN GRASS) For Grazing , Hay and Silage Rs550/kg 10 / 33000 Saplings 9 – 11 Green / 6 – 8 Dry Matter 125 – 150 Kg/ha Arid and semi- arid climates
- 2. 3 Bothriochloa intermedia (R.Br.) A. Cam (BADA PHULVA) For Grazing , Hay and Silage. Rs550/kg 10 4 – 8 Dry Matter 125 Kg/ha Tropical to sub- tropical 4 Chloris gayana Kunth. (RHODES GRASS) For Grazing , Hay and Silage Rs 650 /kg 5 -10 / 40000 Saplings 17- 176 Green / 12 Dry Matter 100 All India 5 Chrysopogon fulvus (Spreng.) Chiov. (GOLDEN BEARD GRASS (DHAWALU GHAS) For Grazing and Haying. Rs550/kg 5 - 10 25 – 30 Green 6 - 10 Dry Matter 70 - 80 Arid to semi- arid regions 6 Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf.(LEMON GRASS ? OIL GRASS) For Grazing and Haying Rs 150 – 250/kg 2.5 / 55000 Saplings 25 – 30 Green 70 -80 Warm and humid climate
- 3. 7 Cymbopogon pendulus (Nees ex Steud.) W. Watson (LEMON GRASS) For Grazing and Haying Rs 150 – 250/kg 2.5 / 55000 Saplings) 25 – 30 green Warm and humid climate 8 Dichanthium annulatum (Forssk.) Stapf (MARVEL GRASS (KALE GHAS) For Grazing and Haying Rs350/Kg 4 - 6 44.2 Green / 15.3 Dry Matter 35 - 40 Rainfed areas of Punjab and Rajasth an 9 Heteropogon contortus (L.) P.Beav.ex Roem & Schult. BLACK SPEAR GRASS (LAMPA GHAS) For Grazing and Haying Rs750/Kg 5 / 30000 Seedlings 25 – 30 Green / 5 - 9 Dry Matter 70 Tropics and sub tropics
- 4. 10 Iseilema laxum Hack. (MACHURI) For Grazing and Haying Rs350/Kg 5 - 6 25 – 35 Green / 3 – 4 Dry Matter 70 - 80 Tropical part in moist areas 11 Panicum antidotale Retz. (BANSI) For Grazing and Haying Rs550/Kg 6 - 7 20 Green 100 Annual rainfall ranges from 300- 1000 mm 12 Panicum maximum Jacq. (GUINEA GRASS) For Grazing and Haying Rs550/Kg 4 – 6 / 20000 Seedlings 43 Green / 11.2 Dry Matter 500 - 800 Humid, arid and tropical to sub tropical areas
- 5. 13 Paspalum notatum Flugge. (BAHIA GRASS) For Grazing and Haying Rs250/Kg 2 - 5 3 – 6 Dry Matter 60 – 150 Kg / ha Sandy or light textured soils 14 Pennisetum pedicellatum Trin. (DINA NATH GRASS) For Grazing and Haying Rs350/kg 4 – 5 / 33000 Seedlings 100 Green 300 - 400 North tropical India - warm climate 15 Sehima nervosum (Rottler) Stapf (SAEN GRASS) For Grazing and Haying Rs650/Kg 6 -7 / 30000 Seedlings 16 – 20 Green/ 4 - 6 Dry Matter 70 - 80 Semi- arid, tropical and sub- tropical areas
- 6. 16 Lasiurus sindicus Henr (SEWAN GRASS) For Grazing and Haying Rs350/Kg 5 – 7 3.5 – 8.5 Dry Matter 155 - 200 Dry arid climate PASTURE LEGUMES PASTURE LEGUMES 1 Macroptilium atropurpureum (DC.) Urb. (SIRATRO) For Grazing , Haying and Ensiling Rs150 - 250/kg 2 - 5 Kg / ha 15 – 20 green and 5-12 Dry Matter 50 – 100 Kg / ha Sub tropical to tropical 2 Lablab purpureus (Linn.) Sweet . (LABLAB BEAN (SEM) For Grazing and Ensiling Rs160/kg 40 – 45 Kg / ha 22 – 25 Green / 4.5 – 6 Dry Matter 120 - 150 Warm humid climate
- 7. 3 Stylosanthes guianensis (Aubl.) Sw. (LUCERNE) For For Grazing and Ensiling Rs315 – 350/kg 3.5 -5 15 – 41 Green / 4 – 7 Dry Matter 70 - 200 Warm humid climate 4 Stylosanthus Scabra (STYLO) For Grazing and Ensiling Rs300 – 350/kg 5 – 6 Kg 15 – 20 Green / 5 - 8 Dry Matter 1200 Kg / ha Warm tropical climate 5 Stylosanthes humilis For Grazing and Haying Rs300 -350/kg 5 – 6 Kg 12 - 18 Green and 4 – 6 Dry Matter 400 - 1200 sub- humid, semi- arid to dry climate
- 8. 6 Stylosanthes hamata (L.) For Grazing and Hay / Silage Rs300 /kg 5 – 6 Kg 20 – 30 Green / 6 – 10 Dry Matter 350 – 400 / 1000 Kg / ha wide range of soil types and is drought resistant . 7 Arachis glabrata Benth.(CHAR MUNGFALI) For Hay and Silage (Rs25 – 85 / Kg ) Rhizome s 10 – 16 Dry Matter 2000 - 2500 Soils ranging from sands to clays 9 Atylosia scarabaeoides (L.) Benth. (VAN KULTHI) For Haying , Ensiling and Soil Conservation. Rs240 – 250 /Kg 10 8 – 12.5 Green 100 - 200 Arid and semi- arid climates
- 9. 10 Clitoria ternatea (L.) (APARAJITA (BUTTERFLY PEA / GOKARNI) For Hay Making and Ensiling Rs340 – 350 /Kg 15 - 20 25 Green / 3.5 – 6.0 Dry Matter 50 - 75 Rainfall ranging from 400 to 1500 mm 11 Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Wild.(DASHRATH GRASS) For Grazing and Ensiling Rs340 –350 /Kg 2 - 3 15 – 25 Green 180 – 350 Kh / ha Tropics and subtropi careas 12 Dolichos biflorus L. (KULTHI) For Grazing and Ensiling Rs50 - 80 / kg 40 6 Dry Matter 900 - 1100 kg / ha Low rainfall and soils of low fertility 13 Macroptilium atropurpureum (DC.) Urb (SIRATRO) For Grazing and Ensiling Rs340 – 350 /Kg 6 - 12 15 – 20 Green / 3 – 5 Dry Matter 50 - 100 Sub tropical to tropical
- 10. 14 Macroptilium lathyroides (Linn.) Urb. (WILD PEA) Grazing and Ensiling Rs340 – 350 /Kg 2.2 – 3.3 15 – 20 Green / 5 – 4 Dry Matter 200 - 250 Tropical and sub- tropical 15 Macrotyloma axillares (E. Mey.) Verdc. Syn. Dolichos axillaris (ARCHER) Grazing, Hay and Silage Rs50 – 80 /Kg 2.0 – 2.5 15.5 Dry Matter 100 - 150 Subtropi cal or tropical 16 Stylosanthes hamata (L.) (VARONO STYLO) Taub. For Grazing and Ensiling. (Rs 345 / Kg) 5 - 6 25 – 30 Green / 6 – 10 Dry Matter 350 – 400 Can go up to 1000Kg/ ha Tropical regions
- 11. 17 Stylosanthes scabra Vogel (STYLO) For Grazing and Ensiling Rs340 – 350 /Kg 10 15 – 25 Green / 5 – 8 Dry Matter 1200 Kg / Ha Warm tropical 18 Stylosanthes viscosa Sw. (STYLO) For Grazing and Ensiling Rs340 – 350 /Kg 6 -8 3 – 5 Dry Matter 800 – 1100 Kg / ha Semi- arid and arid zone FORAGE TREES 1 Agati (Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers.) Fodder legume tree .Rs500/Kg. 7 - 8 50 – 100 Green 12 – 25 Dry Matter humid tropical regions
- 12. 2 Sesbania sesban. Shevri Rs50 - 120/kg 5 -7 100 Green / 25 Dry Matter Arid and semiarid regions 3 Leucaena leucocephala. Subabool Rs320 - 380/kg 40 40 - 100 Green 2 – 20 Dry Matter Sub humid, Semiarid
- 13. 4 Gliricidia sepium. Gliricidia Rs1450/kg 7 -12 40 -50 green / 9-17 Dry Matter 75 - 100 Humid, sub humid
- 14. 5 Prosopis cineraria. Khejri Rs400/kg 4-5 40-50 Green / 10 -15 Dry Matter Arid and semiarid regions 6 Albizia procera. Safed siris. Rs100/kg – 900/kg 4-5 1- 1.2 dry Matter of leaves Wet tropical and subtropical 7 Albizia lebbeck. Siris Rs100/kg Moist and dry tropics
- 15. 8 Bauhinia variegate. Kachnar Rs370/kg 15 – 20 Dry Matter kg / tree Sub tropics, moist and dry tropics Note:- Cost of seeds indicated is approximate only CULTIVATED FODDER CROPS AND LEGUMES - SEED TABLE 1 Avena sativa L (OAT (JAI) Rs30 -50 30 -50 44 – 60 Green/ 9.5 Dry Matter 2000 - 2500 Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat and Maharashtra 2 : Pennisetum glaucum L. R. Br. Emend. L. Stuntz (PEARL MILLET (BAJRA) Rs30 -50 30 -35 37 Green / 8.8 Dry Matter North western zone of comprising state of Rajasthan, Punjab, Haryana, Western U.P. and Uttarakhand under rainfed conditions
- 16. 2 Trifolium alexandrinum L. (EGYPTIAN CLOVER (BERSEEM) Rs30 -50 25 - 35 90 - 100 Green / 12 – 13 Dry Matter 480 Haryana, Punjab, Delhi, UttarPradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh 3 Medicago sativa L. (ALFALFA (LUCERNE) Rs430/- 20 - 25 140 – 150 Green / 25 Dry Matter 300 - 350 Adapted in parts of Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Gujarat 4 Vigna unguiculata (L.) (COWPEA (LOBIA) Rs80 – 90/kg 20 - 25 40 – 45 Green / 6.0 Dry Matter 500 Haryana, Punjab, Gujarat, Uttaranchal, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh
- 17. 5 Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub (CLUSTER BEAN (GUAR) Rs150 – 170/kg 30 - 35 25 – 35 Green / 6.5 Dry Matter 1500 Entire country. 6 Fodder maize - Makkacholam Rs50/kg 50 - 60 40 – 50 Green / 10 -15 Dry Matter 7 Sorghum bicolor (L.) Fodder sorghum – Cholam / Jowar Rs50/kg 20 - 25 50 - 75 Green / 10 -15 Dry Matter 1000 - 1200
- 18. 8 Hordeum vulgare (BARLEY / JAU ) Rs20 - 50/kg 25 – 40 Green 9 Zea mexicana (MAKCHARI - Teosinte) Rs80 – 120 /kg 35 - 40 30 – 85 Green 2000 10 Brassica pekinensis (CHARA SARSON) Rs85 – 90 / kg 4 - 5 15 – 35 Green (1310 and 1535 kg/ha
- 19. References: 1. Ahmed.et.al.(2017).Technical Bulletin No. 01/2017 . Improved Forage Crop Varieties. Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, UP, India. 2. Ghosh. P K .et.al. (2016). FORAGE RESEARCH IN INDIA: ISSUES AND STRATEGIES 3. GARG A K .DGM (AN), NDDB. Overview of Fodder Scenario in India and Strategies for Up Scaling Fodder Seed Production & Marketing Programs in Dairy Cooperatives 4. Vision 2050 .Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) 5. 37. Forage Crops and Grasses - ICAR 6. Gotri.Ravi Kiran,et.al.NAIP(2012) Estimates on Feeds and Fodders,India.. THANKS