1. RAMESH JAIN
JAIN@ICS.UCI.EDU
(FACEBOOK, TWITTER: JAIN49)
WITH
SEVERAL COLLABORATORS
Digital Culture: ASU © Ramesh Jain 1

2. Evolving Culture
 Excellence of taste in the fine
arts and humanities, also known as high culture
 An integrated pattern of human knowledge,
belief, and behavior that depends upon the
capacity for symbolic thought and social
learning
 The set of shared attitudes, values, goals,
and practices that characterizes an
institution, organization or group
Digital Culture: ASU © Ramesh Jain 2

3. Technology and Culture
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4. Invention
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5. Life = Experiences (Events)
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6. The Story of Human Civilization
is the Story of Experiential
Communication among Humans.
Sharing Experiences
Re-living Experiences
Recording Experiences
Learning from Experiences
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7. Share experiences: Languages
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8. Across Time: Writing
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9. Making it portable: Paper
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10. Democratization : Gutenberg Press
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11. Gutenberg: Major Event in Cultural
History
It changed the world in many ways.
Gutenberg’s legacy still lives.
I see the new era beginning now.
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12. Telegraph: Instantaneous Remote
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13. Telephone: Remote Speech
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14. Photography: Recording Visual
Experience
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15. Audio Recording: Electrical Signals
enter recording space
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16. Radio: Live Broadcast
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17. Television: Live Broadcast combines
two Media
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18. Computing 1: Data
 Main applications:
 Scientific and engineering
 Business
 Users:
 Sophisticated
 Expected to be trained
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19. Digital Processing
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20. Computing 2: Information and
Communication
 Main applications:
 Information
 Communication
 Users:
 Common people in ‘developed world’
 Easy access using keyboards
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21. Internet: The Game Changer
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22. Communicating Experiences:
Spatial and Temporal
Inventions Application Impact
Languages Communicate symbolic experiences
Written Languages Record Symbolic experiences (time)
Paper Portability (space)
Most influential
Print Mass distribution (time and space)
Invention in history so far.
Telegraph Remote narrow communication (space)
Telephone Remote analog communication (space)
Radio Analog broadcasting of sound (space)
Television Combining two senses – media (space)
Recording media Photos, audio, video (time)
Digital processing Machine enhancement and processing
Future of
Internet Interactive Multimedia communication
Communication
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23. Computing 3: Experience
 Main applications:
 Experiential communication
 Experience management
 Users:
 Humans
 No language issues
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24. Mary Had a Little …
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25. Evolution of Web:
Documents to Data
 Document created by Humans.
 Text, Music, Movies
 Data collected by Humans
 Photos, Audio, …
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26. Yesterday – Today - Tomorrow
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27. Then and Now: Same People
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28. New Generation
What the heck is this, Nana?
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29. Recent Evolution of Digital Culture
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30. Maureen Dowd in NYT
We watch in awe as revolutions
somersault through the Middle
East. We see instantaneous
digital communication as a
weapon against oppression and,
in the hands of tyrants who tap
into its power, as a weapon for
oppression.
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31. Digital Culture: ASU © Ramesh Jain 31

32. FINALLY -- Beyond Gutenberg
We’re at the beginning of a new era for social
Internet innovators who are re-imagining and
re-inventing a Web of people and places,
looking beyond documents and websites.
John Doerr, Partner, KPCB
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33. Evolution of Web:
Documents, Data, Events
 Document created by Humans.
 Text, Music, Movies
 Data collected by Humans
 Photos, Audio, …
 Events happen.
 Most documents describe events and objects in
those.
 Most data is collected for events.
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34. Events take place in the real world.
Events result in Data and Documents
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35. Tsunami 2004
Experiential Data
Visualization using data Reports on the event
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36. Events
are
‘Connectors’
Events
create
‘Context’
People
Structural
Temporal
Things
Places
Causal
Time
Spatial
Experiences
Experiential
Informational
Events
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37. Facebook and Twitter
Reporting events as micro-blogs
Massive collection of events.
Facebook reports 20 Billion updates
– 3 Billion Photos –
each month.
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38. Events are currently just a time-
indexed database.
Time
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39. Events usually cause domino effect.
Does the flap of a butterfly’s wings in Brazil set off a
tornado in Texas?
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40. From Micro Events to Situations
FROM TWEETS TO REVOLUTIONS
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41. EventWeb: Compositing and Linking
Atomic and Composite Events
Time
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42. Lets Consider Three different
scenarios
 Personal Media Management
 Memories for Life; LifeLog, …
 Situation Detection and Control
 Real Time Web
 Middle of the Pyramid
 Bringing the digital dividend to all people
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43. We are in the midst of the greatest
Media Explosion.
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44. Dealing with Photo Explosion
 3 Billion Photos uploaded on Facebook –
every month.
 We know that most people in the world are
not yet addicted to the Web, but do take
photos.
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45. Sudden Burst of Attention
 Hundreds of new companies
 Instagram, PicPlz, Path, …
 iPhoto, Picasa, Flickr, …
 Hottest area in VC community
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46. My own ‘venture’:
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47. Meta Data for photos = Event Data
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48. Urgent Challenge: Real Time Web
 Result of exponential growth in
connectivity and sensors.
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49. Micro-blogs: Twitter
 Each Tweet:
 Used to be: What are you doing
 Now it is: What’s happening
 Really an event reported by Humans
 Can associate experiential data along with
information.
 Time and location associated with each
Tweet
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50. Micro-events:
Sensors detecting and chirping
(broadcasting) events
 Billions of disparate kinds of sensors being
placed everywhere.
 Each sensor detects ‘basic events’ and
broadcasts it in a simple form.
 Develop a system to process these micro-
events and make them useful.
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51. Situation Detection and Control
Inform
ation
Aggregation Situation Alerts
and Detection
Composition
Queries
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52. Emage: Event Image
 Divide space (world) into small Pixels of
appropriate size.
 Assume that each event is a particle of a
specific type. Create a Social Image for
specific type of events.
 A time-ordered sequence of these emages will
be similar to a video representing spatio-
temporal changes in events of that type.
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53. Example Social Image- (iphone)
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54. iPhone
 Spatio temporal variation: Event detection
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55. Important Decisions From Tweets:
Where to open the next store?
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56. Swine flu social image and its
segmentation
into ‘high’ and ‘low ’activity zones.
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57. Situational Recommendation System
Macro situation
Alert Level=High
Date=12/09/10
Micro event Situational
Control Action
e.g. “Arrgggh, I controller
“Please visit
have a sore
nearest CDC
throat” • Goal
center at 4th St
(Loc=New York, • Macro Situation
immediately”
Date=12/09/10) • Rules
Level 1 personal threat + Level 3 Macro threat -> Immediate action
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58. Dream: Web for the
Middle of the Pyramid
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59. For the first time in human history, more than
75% living people are using a device: Mobile
DigitalPhone.
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60. Mobiles everywhere
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61. Highest
Life Needs
Basic
Health Education Agriculture Social
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62. Most attention by
Top 1.5 Technologists – so far.
Billion
Middle 3 Billion Middle of the Pyramid
(MOP):
Ready, BUT …
Bottom 2 Billion
Not Ready
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65. Personalized Help for Everybody
 Meeting Basic Needs
 Using Natural Technology
 Centered around every
INDIVIDUAL.
 No Country Left Behind
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66. Thanks for your time and attention.
For questions: jain@ics.uci.edu
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