different programmes are discussed

2. Course: fundamentals of extension education and
extension programmes
Course instuctor:
Dr.Monika wasan
Presented by
Jagriti rohit
Roll no: 20133
m.Sc 1st yr agricutlural extension

3. content
 National rural employment guarantee act.
 Sampoorna gramin rozgar yojana.
 National food for work programme.
 Swarna jayanti gram swarozgar yojana.
 Swarna jayanti sehari rozgar yojana.
 National assistance programme.
 Pradhan mantri gramodaya yojana.
 Prime minister rozgar yojana.
 Jawaharlal nehru national urban renewal
mission

4. National Rural Employment
Guarantee Act
 Implemented by the Ministry of Rural Development -, National Rural
Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) is the flagship programme of the
Government that directly touches lives of the poor and promotes inclusive
growth.
 The Act aims at enhancing livelihood security of households in rural areas of
the country by providing at least one hundred days of guaranteed wage
employment in a financial year to every household whose adult members
volunteer to do unskilled manual work.
 The Act came into force on February 2, 2006 and was implemented in a phased
manner.
 In Phase one it was introduced in 200 of the most backward districts of the
country.
 It was implemented in an additional 130 districts in Phase two 2007-2008.

5. Cont…..
 As per the initial target, NREGA was to be expanded countrywide in five years.
However, in order to bring the whole nation under its safety net and keeping in
view the demand, the Scheme was extended to the remaining 274 rural districts
of India from April 1, 2008 in Phase III.
 National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) - is the first ever law
internationally, that guarantees wage employment at an unprecedented scale.
 The primary objective of the Act is augmenting wage employment. Its auxiliary
objective is strengthening natural resource management through works that
address causes of chronic poverty like drought, deforestation and soil erosion
and so encourage sustainable development. The process outcomes include
strengthening grassroots processes of democracy and infusing transparency
and accountability in governance.

6. Cont…
 With its rights-based framework and demand driven approach, National Rural
Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) - marks a paradigm shift from the
previous wage programmes.
 The Act is also a significant vehicle for strengthening decentralization and
deepening processes of democracy by giving a pivotal role to the Panchayati
Raj Institutions in planning, monitoring and implementation.
 Unique features of the ACT include, time bound employment guarantee and
wage payment within 15 days, incentive-disincentive structure to the State
Governments for providing employment as 90 per cent of the cost for
employment provided is borne by the Centre or payment of unemployment
allowance at their own cost and emphasis on labour intensive works
prohibiting the use of contractors and machinery.
 The Act also mandates 33 percent participation for women. Over the last two
years, implementation trends vindicate the basic objective of the Act.

7. Cont….
 Increasing Employment Opportunities: In 2007-08, 3.39 crore households were
provided employment and 143.5 crore person days were generated in 330 districts. In
2008-2009, upto July, 253 crore households have been provided employment and
85.29 crore person days have been generated.
 Enhancing Wage Earning and Impact on Minimum Wage: The enhanced
wage earnings have lead to strengthening of the livelihood resource base of the
rural poor in India; in 2007-2008, more than 68% of funds utilised were in the
form of wages paid to the labourers. In 2008-2009, 73% of the funds have been
utilized in the form of wages
 Increasing Outreach to the poor: Self targeting in nature, the Programme
has high works participation of marginalized groups like SC/ST (57%), women
(43%) in 2007-2008. In 2008-2009, upto July, the participation is SC/ST (54%)
and women (49%), strengthening Natural Resource Base of Rural India: In
2007-08, 17.88 lakh works have been undertaken, of which 49% were related to
water conservation. In 2008-2009, upto July, 16.88 lakh works have been
undertaken, of which 49% are related to water conservation.

8. NAREGA

9. PROJECTS
UNDER
NAREGA

10. WOMEN
GETTING
EMPLOYM
ENT UDER
NAREGA

11. Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojna
• The Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana (SGRY) was launched on 25
September, 2001 by merging the on-going schemes of EAS and the JGSY
with the objective of providing additional wage employment and food
security, alongside creation of durable community assets in rural areas.
• The programme is self-targeting in nature with provisions for special
emphasis on women, scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and parents of
children withdrawn from hazardous occupations.
• While preference is given to BPL families for providing wage employment
under SGRY, poor families above the poverty line can also be offered
employment whenever NREGA has been launched.
• The annual outlay for the programme is Rs.10,000 crore which includes 50
lakh tonnes on food grains.

12. Cont…….
• The cash component is shared between the Centre and the States in the
ratio of 75:25.
• Food grains are provided free of cost to the States/UTs. The payment of
food grains is made directly to FCI at economic cost by the Centre.
• However, State Governments are responsible for the cost of
transportation of food grains from FCI godown to work-site/PDS shops
and its distribution.
• Minimum wages are paid to the workers through a mix of minimum five
kg of food grains and at least 25 per cent of wages in cash.
• The programme is implemented by all the three tiers of Panchayat Raj
Institutions.
• Each level of Panchayat is an independent unit for formulation of Action
Plan and executing the scheme.
• Resources are distributed among District Panchayat, Intermediate
Panchayats and the Gram Panchayats in the ratio of 20:30:50.

13. Cont….
• The Gram Panchayats can take up any work with the approval of the
gram sabha as per their felt need and within available funds.
• Fifty per cent of the funds earmarked for the gram panchayats are to be
utilised for infrastructure development works in SC/ST localities.
• 22.5 per cent resources must be spent on individual beneficiary
schemes meant for SCs/STs out of the resource share of District
Panchayat and Intermediate Panchayats.
• Contractors are not permitted to be engaged for execution of any of the
works and no middlemen/intermediate agencies can be engaged for
executing works under the scheme.
• The programme is regularly monitored. The programme is being
evaluated through impact studies conducted by reputed institutions and
organisations sponsored by the Central/State governments.

14. Sampoorna
gramin rozgar
yojana
This picture shows the then prime
minister shri atal bihari vajapyee
launching sampoorna gramin rozgar
yojana

15.  The National Food for Work Programme was launched in November, 2004 in
150 most backward districts of the country, identified by the Planning
Commission in consultation with the Ministry of Rural Development and the
State governments.
 The objective of the programme was to provide additional resources apart from
the resources available under the Sampoorna Grameen Rozgar Yojana (SGRY)
to 150 most backward districts of the country so that generation of
supplementary wage employment and providing of food-security through
creation of need based economic, social and community assets in these districts
are further intensified.
 The scheme was 100 per cent centrally sponsored. The programme has since
been subsumed in National Rural Employment Guarantee Act which has come
in force in 200 identified districts of the country including 150 NFFWP
districts.
 The Act provides 100 days of work guarantee to every rural household whose
members volunteer to do unskilled manual work.
National Food for Work Programme

16.  The Swarnjayanti Gram SwarozgarYojana (SGSY) was launched as an integrated
programme for self-employment of the rural poor with effect from 1 April 1999.
 The objective of the scheme is to bring the assisted poor families above the
poverty line by organising them into Self HelpGroups (SHGs) through the
process of social mobilisation, their training and capacity building and provision
of income generating assets through a mix of bank credit and government
subsidy.
 The scheme emphasizes establishment of activity clusters through selection of
key activities based on aptitude and skill of the people, availability of resources
and market potentiality.
 The scheme adopts a process approach and attempts to build the capacities of
the rural poor.
 It provides for involvement of NGOs/CBOs/Individuals/Banks and Self Help
Promoting Institutions in nurturing and development of SHGs, including skill
development.

17.  The scheme provides for the cost of social intermediation and skill development
training based on the local requirement. Flexibility has been given to the
DRDAs/States in the utilisation of funds for training, sanction of Revolving Fund,
subsidy for economic activity based on the stage of development of groups
 The focus of the programme is on establishing a large number of micro-
enterprises in rural areas based on the ability of the poor and potential of each
area, both land-based and otherwise, for sustainable income generation.
 Due emphasis is being laid on different components such as capacity building of
the poor, skill development training, credit, training, technology transfer,
marketing and infrastructure.
 The subsidy allowed under the SGSY is 30 per cent of the total project cost,
subject to a ceiling of Rs.7,500 (for SC/STs and disabled persons subsidy limit is 50
per cent of the project cost subject to a ceiling of Rs.10,000).
 For Self-HelpGroups (SHGs), subsidy would be 50 per cent of the project cost
subject to a ceiling of Rs.1.25 lakh or per capita subsidy of Rs.10,000, whichever is
less.

18.  There is no monetary ceiling on subsidy for minor irrigation projects for SHGs as
well as individual swarozgaris.The SGSY has a special focus on the vulnerable
groups among the rural poor. SC/STs account for at least 50 per cent, women 40
per cent and the persons with physical disability constitute 3 per cent of the
Swarozgaries respectively.The SGSY seeks to promote multiple credits rather
than a one-time credit injection.
 The SHGs may consist of 10-20 members and in case of minor irrigation, and in
case of disabled persons and difficult areas, i.e., hilly, desert and sparsely
populated areas; this number may be a minimum of five. Self Help Groups should
also be drawn from the BPL list approved by the Gram Sabha.The SHGs broadly
go through three stages of evolution such as group formation, capital formation
through the revolving fund and skill development and taking up of economic
activity for income generation.

20. Swarna jayanti shahari rozgar
yojana
 The Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY), in operation since 01.12.1997, has
been
 comprehensively revamped with a view to addressing the drawbacks observed in
implementation. The
 Revised Guidelines have come into effect from 1.4.2009. The three key objectives of
the revised
 Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY) are:
 • Addressing urban poverty alleviation through gainful employment to the urban
unemployed or
 underemployed poor;
 • Supporting skill development and training to enable the urban poor have access to
employment
 opportunities provided by the market or undertake self-employment; and
 • Empowering the community to tackle the issues of urban poverty through suitable
selfmanaged
 community structures and capacity building programmes.

21.  The revamped SJSRY has five major components, namely-
 (i). Urban Self Employment Programme (USEP)
 (ii). Urban Women Self-help Programme (UWSP)
 (iii). Skill Training for Employment Promotion amongst Urban Poor (STEP-
UP)
 (iv). Urban Wage Employment Programme (UWEP)
 (v). Urban Community Development Network (UCDN)

22.  The National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP) comprises three
separate Schemes, namely, National Old Age Pension Scheme
(NOAPS), National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS) and National
Maternity Benefit Scheme (NMBS).
 The Programme introduces a national policy for social security
assistance to the poor families and represents a significant step
towards the fulfilment of the Directive Principles in Articles "2"1 and
"2"2 of the Constitution recognising the concurrent responsibility of
the Central and State Governments in the matter.
 The NSAP is a Centrally Sponsored Programme to extend 100 per
cent Central assistance to the States/UTs to provide the benefits
under it in accordance with the norms, guidelines and conditions
laid down by the Central Government. The Programme has come
into effect from August 15,1995.
 The objective of the Programme is to extend financial assistance
to old persons having little or no regular means of subsistence,
to households living below the poverty line in case of death of
the primary breadwinner and to pregnant women of households
below the poverty line upto the first two live births.

23.  The assistance under the National Social Assistance Programme
NSAP is available to the destitutes the poorest of the poor and
families below the poverty lines. The Schemewise target groups
are as under :-
 National Old Age Pension Scheme(NOAPS)
 Old persons who are destitutes in the sense of having no regular
means of subsistence from their own sources of income or
through financial support from family members or other sources.
 National Family Benefit Scheme(NFMS):
 Households below the poverty line on the death of the primary
breadwinner. The ‘primary breadwinner’ has been defined as the
member of the family whose earnings contribute substantially to
the total household income.
 National Maternity Benefit Scheme(NMBS):
 Pregnant women of the households living below the poverty line
upto the first two live births.

24.  Housing is a basic requirement for human well-being. It is towards
this end that a new initiative has recently been announced,as part of
Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana (PMGY), for the provisioning of
Rural Shelter, with emphasis on extending maximum benifit to the
rural poor.
 Not only do all citizens need shelter, they also require in their
houses such facilities as drinking water and proper sanitation.
 The Ministry of Rural Development has been entrusted the
responsibility of providing shelter to the poor in the rural areas.
 While the Ministry is already implementing Schemes, including the
Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY), in the sphere of Rural Housing,
considering the magnitude of the task it has been felt to be
imprative to supplement the efforts being made in this direction
through the introduction of a Comprehensive Scheme which aims at
reducing the shortage of houses Below Poverty Line (BPL) familiesin
the rural areas and also assists in the healthy development of the
habitat in these areas.

25.  The Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana(Gramin Awaas) will,
generally, be based on the pattern of the Indira Awaas Yojana and
will be implemented in the rural areas throughout the country.
 Target Group:
 The target group for houses under scheme will be te people who
are living below the poverty line in the rural areas, belonging to
Scheduled Caste/Scheduled Tribes, freed bonded labourers and
non-SC/ST categories. Not more than 40% of the total allocation
during a financial year can be utilized for construction of dwelling
for non-SC/ST BPL families, while funds to the tune of 3% will be
earmarked for the benefit of BPL physically/mentally challenged
persons.

26.  Identification of Beneficiaries:
 The District Rural Development Agencies(DRDAs) Zila
Parishads will decide the number of houses to be constructed,
Panchayat-wise and the same will immediately be intimated to
the Gram Panchayat. Thereafter, the Gram Sabha will select the
beneficiaries from the list of eligible households, restricting this
number of target alloted. The intermediate-level Panchayat
(Panchayat Samiti) will invariably be sent a list of selected
beneficiaries

27. Elderly people are getting training under social
assistance programmes.

28.  Prime Minister Rozgar Yojana for providing self-Employment to
Educated Unemployed Youth was announced by the Prime
Minister on 15th August, 1993 to provide self-employed
opportunities to one million educated unemployed youth in the
country. The Scheme has been formally launched on 2nd October,
1993
 The PMRY has been designed to provide employment to more
than a million Person by setting up of 7 lakhs micro enterprises
by the educated unemployed youth.
 It relates to the setting up of the self-employment ventures
through industry, service and business routes.
 The scheme also seeks to associate reputed non-governmental
organisations in implementation PMRY scheme especially in the
selection, training of entrepreneurs and preparation of project
profiles.

29.  Coverage:
 The scheme intends to cover urban areas only during 1993-94 and
whole of the country from 1994-95 onwards. From 1994-95
onwards, the existing self-employment Scheme for the Educated
Unemployed Youth (SEEUY) will be subsumed in PMRY
 Eligibility:
 Any unemployed educated person living in any part of the
country rural or urban fulfilling the following conditions will be
eligible for assistance. However, during 1993-94, the scheme
would be operated only in urban areas.
 Age: Between 18 to 40 years (SC/ST - 45 years).
 Qualification: Matric (Passed or Failed) or ITI passed or having
undergone Govt. sponsored technical course for a minimum
duration of 6 months.
 Residency: Permanent resident of the area for at least 3 years
Document like Ration Card would constitute enough proof for this
purpose. In its absence any other document to the satisfaction of
the Task Force should be produced.

30.  Family Income: Upto Rs.40,000/- per annum. Family for this
purpose would mean spouse and parents of the beneficiary and
family income would include income from all sources, whether,
wages, salary, pension, agriculture, business, rent etc.
 Defaulter: Should not be a defaulter to any nationalised
bank/financial institution/co-operative bank.
 Reservation:
 Preference should be given to weaker section including women.
The scheme envisages 22.5% reservation for SC/ST and 27% for
other Backward Classes (OBCs)
 Project Cost:
 Projects upto Rs.1 lakh are covered under the scheme in case of
individuals. If two or more eligible persons join together in a
partnership, the project with higher costs would also be covered
provided share of each person in the project cost is Rs.1 lakhs or
less.

31.  Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission is a massive
city modernisation scheme launched by the Government of India
under Ministry of Urban Development.
 It envisages a total investment of over $20 billion over seven
years. It is named after Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister
of independent India.
 The scheme was officially inaugurated by the prime minister,
Manmohan Singh on 3 December 2005 as a programme meant to
improve the quality of life and infrastructure in the cities. It has
two sub-missions:
 the Sub-Mission for Urban Infrastructure and Governance
administered by the Ministry of Urban Development, with a focus
on water supply and sanitation, solid waste management, road
network, urban transport and redevelopment of old city areas.
 the Sub-Mission for Basic Services to the Urban Poor (BSUP)[1]
administered by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty
Alleviation with a focus on integrated development of slums.[2]

32.  Mission Objectives:
 Focused attention relating to infrastructural services in the context of
integrated development is to be covered under the Mission.
 Make efficient and increase self-sustaining capabilities of cities as per
the sector proving infrastructural services by securing the linkages
between asses creation and asset management
 Ensure adequate investment of funds to fulfill deficiencies in the urban
infrastructural services.
 Planned development of identified cities including peri-urban areas, out
growths, urban corridors, so that urbanization takes place in a dispersed
manner.
 Scale up delivery of civic amenities and provision of utilities with
emphasis on universal access to urban poor.
 To take up urban renewal programme, i.e., re-development of inner
(old) cities area to reduce congestion.[3]


33.  Mission Coverage
 As per the JNNURM guidelines, only select cities/Urban Agglomerations (UAs)
as per 2001 Census have been chosen for the implementation of the
programme as per norms/criteria mentioned below
 A Cities/UAs with 4 million plus population as per 2001 census 07 B
Cities/UAs with 1 million plus but less than 4 million population as per 2001
Census 28 C Selected Cities/UAs (State Capitals and other cities/UAs of
religious/historic and touristic importance) 28
 Eligibility
 A total of 65 cities are eligible (up from 63 initially), provided that they have
elected bodies in position. 13 specific reforms are mandatory for states and
municipalities before funds can be accessed.
 At the municipal level, they include the adoption of modern accounting
systems, improvements in property tax collection, better cost recovery by
utilities and targeting of investments to the poor.
 At the state level, they include the implementation of decentralisation
measures, as well as the enactment of laws for community participation and
public disclosure.[2] JNNURM is currently being implemented in 63 cites.