1. By : OMAR M. JACALNE

2. Computer Software

3. Computer Program
A set of instructions that directs a
computer to perform some processing function
or combination of functions. For the instructions
to be carried out, a computer must execute a
program, that is, the computer reads the
program, and then follows the steps encoded in
the program in a precise order until completion.
A program can be executed many different
times, with each execution yielding a potentially
different result depending upon the options and
data that the user gives the computer. Microsoft ® Encarta ®
2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

4. Computer Programs fall into two
major classes:
Computer Application - in computer
science, a computer program designed to
help people perform a certain type of work.;
commonly an integrated software such as
word processors, spreadsheets, graphics
enhancer software or a database program.

5. Operating System (OS), in computer science,
the basic software that controls a computer.
The operating system has three major
functions: It coordinates and manipulates
computer hardware, such as computer
memory, printers, disks, keyboard, mouse, and
monitor; it organizes files on a variety of
storage media, such as floppy disk, hard drive,
compact disc, digital video disc, and tape; and
it manages hardware errors and the loss of
data. Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights
reserved.

6. Educational Integration

7. Web Site, in computer science, file of
information located on a server connected to the
World Wide Web (WWW). The WWW is a set of
protocols and software that allows the global
computer network called the Internet to display
multimedia documents. Web sites may include text,
photographs, illustrations, video, music, or computer
programs. They also often include links to other sites
in the form of hypertext, highlighted or colored text
that the user can click on with their mouse,
instructing their computer to jump to the new site.
 Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

8. WEB CONTENT
School Web Sites may contain the following:
 School Profile
a) Philosophy
b) Mission
c) Vision
d) History
e) School Status
 Newsletter
 Announcements
 School Administration and Personnel
 Students/Alumni Center
 Gallery of school activities and events
 And others

9. Instant Messaging
 E-Mail, in computer science, abbreviation of
the term electronic mail, method of
transmitting data, text files, digital photos, or
audio and video files from one computer to
another over an intranet or the Internet. E-
mail enables computer users to send
messages and data quickly through a local
area network or beyond through the Internet.
E-mail came into widespread use in the 1990s
and has become a major development in
business and personal communications.

10.  SMS - text messaging service: a service that allows
short text messages to be sent, e.g. between cellular
phones and pagers. Full form short message service;
short messaging service
 MMS - message-enhancement system: a system that
enables sounds, images, or animations to be
incorporated into text messages sent, usually, from cell
phones. Full form multimedia messaging service.
 Chat (online), simultaneous text communication
between two or more people via computer. Chat is
synchronous—one person types a message on their
keyboard, and the people with whom they are
chatting see the message appear on their monitors and
can respond almost immediately.

12. The Information and Communication Technology
Center (ICTC) of the State Colleges and Universities of
the country have developed an innovative computer-
based solution for tertiary schools that integrates key
activities from admission, course scheduling,
registration/enrollment, assessment, billing, cashiering,
and students records management. It is a client-server
system which makes use of open-sourced software (With
Linux as the server operating system and PostgreSQL as
the database engine, the e-SMS does not require buying
expensive proprietary operating system and database,)
on its server side, thus making its implementation very
affordable even for small tertiary schools. This system,
called e-SMS (electronic-School Management System)

13. FEATURES
The electronic School Management System (e-
SMS) is an integrated student records
management system with the following
features:
 Admission Module
Enables qualified users (usually the admission
officer) to enter permanent data of students.
 Academic Curricula Module
Allows qualified users (e.g. Registrar personnel)
to enter description of academic programs and
subjects or courses.

14.  Pre-registration Module
Facilitates entry of subject offerings and their
corresponding schedules, class size limits, room
assignments and faculty. Block scheduling is also possible.
Qualified users are Registrar staff or academic office
clerks.
 Registration Module
Handles the registration of students. It is made up of three
sub-modules: Advising, Subject Controlling, and
Assessment. A Certificate of Registration (CoR) is printed
after the assessment of the student’s load.
 Cashiering Module
Enables the cashier to accept payment of the student
based on the assessed fees. Official receipt for payment
received will also be printed.

15.  Grading Module
Prints grading sheets per subject with grades to be filled-
in by the faculty. It will also accept entry of grades by an
authorized user.
 Records Management/Queries and Reports
Generates various reports needed by a student, academic
units, registrar’s office, management and government
entities like the Commission on Higher Education and
the Department of Budget and Management.
 Financial Reports
Prepares all cashiering related reports and student
billings, income details per cost/profit center, and
summarized financial data (e.g. year-to-date income
reports)

16. “Computers today are
superhuman in their ability to
handle numbers, but still infantîle
in their ability to handle ideas and
concepts.”
Clive Sinclair
British inventor and entrepreneur.