This document outlines the objectives and structure of a workshop on enhancing freshwater monitoring through Earth observation. It discusses the importance of inland waters and the opportunity that Earth observation data provides for improving freshwater monitoring. The objectives of the workshop are to highlight current and future Earth observation data and products available for monitoring inland waters, and to discuss new frameworks for utilizing these data in research and management of freshwaters. The workshop structure includes sessions on challenges in freshwater monitoring, current applications of Earth observation data, developing solutions, and future collaborative opportunities.