1. A collaborative timeline
By Nathan, Joshua, Brynmor,
Madison, Jonathon, Danial,
Darwesh, Ashleigh (and Leia)

2. Google Presentations - Features
• Similar to PowerPoint
• Multiple people can edit at once
• Chat
• Comments
• Built in Image Search (CC) and YouTube
vids
• Research and Define tools

3. Summarising and Presenting
• Own words
• Short phrases of key points
• 4-7 bullets per slide
• Sub-bullets where appropriate
• Images where appropriate (CC)
• Sources
o Variety
o List

5. History of Welsh
A collaborative timeline

6. Origins - before 9th Century 800AD)
• Welsh (Cymraeg) is the oldest language in Britain,
dating back about 4,000 years.
• Evolved from a language now called Indo-
European.
• Related to Celtic, Cornish and Breton.
• It probably arrived in Britain during the Bronze Age
or Iron Age.

7. Old Welsh 9-11th C (800-1000)
• From about 800 AD until the early 12th century.
• Then it developed into Middle Welsh.
• The oldest surviving text is that on a gravestone
now in Tywyn church, from the early 8th
century.
• The basic Latin alphabet was used to represent
the phonology.
• The Poetry of Aneirin and the Poetry, or Book,
of Taliesin were in this era.

8. Middle Welsh 11-14th C (1000-1300)
• Gruffydd ap Llywelyn became the ruler of Wales after
defeating Ralph the Timid.
• A revolt began in South Wales by Hywel ap
Mahgredudd, he marched to the Gower, defeating the
Norman and English colonists there at the Battle of
Llwchwr.
• The Treaty of Gwerneigron is signed by Dafydd ap
Llywelyn and Henry III
• Richard of Pudlicott stole King Edward I's Wardrobe
treasury which included the Crown Jewels at
Westminster Abbey

9. Modern Welsh 15-18th C (1400-
1700)
• 1451 - Carmarthen Eisteddfod (arguably
the first)
• 1535 & 1542 - Acts of Union
o English only language in court.
o Those who used Welsh banned from
public office in Wales
o (Only officially repealed in 1993!)
• 1588 - William Morgan's Bible translation
• 1731 - Griffiths Jones Welsh language
'moving schools'
• 1789 - First Eisteddfod where public as well
as poets and nobles allowed!
• 1792 - Iolo Morgans "revived" (made up!) a
lot of the key Eisteddfod traditions

11. 19th Century (1800s)
• Socialism developed in South Wales in the latter
part of the century, accompanied by the
government getting involved religious
Nonconformism.
• The first Labour MP, Kier Hardie, was elected as
junior member for the Welsh constituency of
Merthyr Tydfil and Aberdare in 1900's.
• The social effects of industrialisation resulted in
armed uprisings against the mainly English
owners.

12. 19th Century (1800s)
• The Welsh Not or Welsh Note was a punishment
system used in some Welsh schools to dissuade
children from speaking Welsh.
• It was represented as a piece of wood, inscribed
with the letters "WN", that was hung around the
necks of children who spoke Welsh during the
school day.

13. 19th Century (1800s)
• The Treachery of the Blue Books or Treason of
the Blue Books (Welsh: Brad y Llyfrau Gleision)
was the name given in Wales to the Reports of
the commissioners of enquiry into the state of
education in Wales published in 1847.
• The term Brad y Llyfrau Gleision was coined by
the author Robert Jones Derfel in response to
the Reports' publication.

14. 20th & 21st Century
• According to the 1911 census, out of a population of just under 2.5
million, 43.5% of the total population of Wales spoke Welsh as a
primary language
• In the 2011 Census 19% of Welsh residents aged three and over
reported being able to speak Welsh.
• S4C was launched on 2 November 1982
• The Welsh Language Act 1993 put the Welsh language on an
equal footing with the English language.
• The Welsh Language Society was formed on the 4th August 1962.
• Since 1999, the teaching of Welsh is now compulsory in all schools
in Wales up to age 16.
• The European Union has 24 official and working languages. Welsh
is not one of them!

15. Some Views from the group...
• "I learned it as an adult because I was working at
Oystermouth castle and didn't like having to tell tourists
who asked that no I didn't speak it!"
• "Welsh Language Act has probably doubled the printed
stationery costs of official documents in Wales."
• "Everyone should speak their mother language"
• "Everyone should learn another language"
• "Went to a Welsh school, not used it since"
• "It'd be okay to know some Welsh."
• "I would like to learn Welsh again"

16. Sources
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the
_Welsh_language#Late_Modern_Welsh
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eisteddfod#His
tory
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iolo_Morganwg
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laws_in_Wal
es_Acts_1535%E2%80%931542#The_Ac
ts_and_the_Welsh_language
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Wal
es#Conquest:_from_the_Statute_of_Rhud
dlan_to_the_Laws_in_Wales_Acts_1283_
-_1542
• https://docs.google.com/a/student.swanse
a-itec.co.uk/presentation/d/1iHToFD-
PDVJN78fxD77YgygW_05aOPgxsHI85n5
fGHw/edit#slide=id.gf30b84a8_210
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Welsh
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cymdeithas_yr
_Iaith_Gymraeg
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the
_Welsh_language#21st_century
• http://ec.europa.eu/languages/languages-
of-europe/eu-languages_en.htm
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/11th_century_i
n_Wales
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/12th_century_i
n_Wales
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13th_century_i
n_Wales
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/14th_century_i
n_Wales

17. Skills Used
• Presentation
• Google Drive (Cloud technology)
• Groupwork
• Research
• Listing sources
• Summarising
• Reading for specific information
• Skimming and scanning texts
• Formatting