The document provides an introduction to Linux, describing it as an open source operating system like Windows but with more freedom. It discusses the history and development of Linux, starting from UNIX, and explains key concepts around open source and free software. Additionally, it lists some popular Linux distributions, advantages of using Linux, and examples of organizations that use Linux systems.

1. INTRODUCTION
Islam Abo Amra

2. Index
• What is Linux?
• Open Source
• Free Software
• History
• Linux distributions
• Linux Advantages
• Who use Linux?
• Ubuntu installation

3. What is Linux?
• An OS for your computer
• Like windows “Better”
• Experience total freedom
• Free and Open Source

4. Owners of Proprietary Software closely guard their
Source code, and thus cannot be modified by anyone
except them
Open Open Source software means, the source code of
Source the software is OPEN to general public
Source Code is made open so that people too can
contribute to the development of software

5. Free does not mean Free of Cost, instead it means
the freedom of source code
Free Though Open Source are mostly free of
cost but with few Exceptions
Software
In Open Source Software you have the right to use
Use, Modify, Copy and Distribute the software with
or without the changes that you made to the code

6. History
 In 1970's AT&t Bell labs funded a
project to create a new Operating
System and came up with UNIX.
 UNIX finally developed as a powerful
Operating System and quickly became
very famous.
 Soon after contribution from various
Universities AT&T licensed it and made
it proprietary making it unfit for
teaching and learning.

7. History
GNU Project

8. History
 Linux is Unix-like Operating
System.
 The code of UNIX is not
copied, only the Operating
System Concepts are
properly incorporated.
 The development of Linux
started from scratch and
thus is just a Unix clone and
not freely available UNIX
copy.

9. Linux Distributions
Operating System
Apps
GUI
Kernel

10. Linux Distributions

11. Linux Distributions

12. Linux Advantages & Disadvantages
Advantages Disadvantages
 Freedom  Learning curve
 Easy to install  Equivalent programs
 Very stable
 Runs on old hardware
 Security
 Many choices in a wide
variety of distros.

13. ? Who use Linux
 The White House
 The United States Department of Defense
 France's national police force
 Germany, 560,000 students in 33 universities
 Russia, all school computers
 The Indian government's tablet for student use Linux as the
operating system , US$35
 Sony's PlayStation 3
 Novell, 5500 employees
 Amazon.com, in nearly every corner of its business
 Google
 IBM, IBM supports Linux 100%
 Wikipedia
 DreamWorks Animation
 McDonald
Who don’t use Linux ?!!

14. Installing Ubuntu