Conference of professor Isam Shahrour at the Summer School on Nanostructure and Applications SSNA’2015, Algiers, September 10, 2015. The conference concerns the use of the Smart Concept in developing countries. It presents successively the main challenges of developing countries, the smart city concept, why this concept is relevant for developing countries and the implementation of this concept through SunRise project “Large Scale demonstrator of the Smart City”.

1. Smart
City
for
developing
countries:
Why
?
and
How
?
Professor
Isam
Shahrour,
University
Lille1
–
Science
and
Technology
www.isamshahrour.com
Summer
School
on
Nanostructures
and
Applica4ons
SSNA’2015,
Algiers,
September
10,
2015

2. Developing
countries
Challenges
Smart
City
Innova7ve
solu7on

3. Q1
:
What
are
the
main
challenges
of
developing
countries
?
Q2
:
What
is
the
smart
city
concept
?
Q3
:
Why
this
concept
is
relevant
for
developing
countries
?
Q4:
How
to
implement
this
concept
?
(Case
study
:
SunRise
project)
4
ques7ons

4. Q1
:
What
are
the
main
challenges
of
developing
countries
?
Q2
:
What
is
the
smart
city
concept
?
Q3
:
Why
this
concept
is
relevant
for
developing
countries?
Q4:
How
to
implement
this
concept
?
(Case
study
:
SunRise
project)
4
ques7ons

5. • Popula7on
growth
• Urban
services
• Infrastructures
• Building
capacity
Major
challenge
for
developing
countries
:

6. PopulaGon
Growth
(UN,
July
2014)
ASIA
AFRICA
3
Billions
6
Billions

7. Urban
Developing
countries
Urban
–
Developed
countries
Rural
Developing
countries
PopulaGon
growth
in
urban
area

8. By
2030
:
• Nearly
2
billion
of
new
urban
residents
• Urban
popula7ons
of
South
Asia
and
Africa
will
double
• 400,000
km2
will
be
constructed
for
urban
use
(doubling
the
world’s
built
urban
area)

9. World
map
of
mega-­‐ciGes
in
2030
ConcentraGon
in
large
metropolis

10. In
perspec7ve,
megaci7es
with
more
than
50
millions
of
inhabitants

11. • Popula7on
growth
• Urban
services
• Infrastructures
• Building
capacity
Developing
countries
challenge.

12. 1
billion
do
not
have
access
to
drinking
water
service
Leakage
:
50%
water
lost
in
some
ci7es
Water
quality
(water
pollu7on,
sea
water
intrusion)
Water
Challenges
:
Drinking
water

13. • 2.4
billion
do
not
have
access
to
sewage
water
service
• Flood,
public
Health
• Soil
and
water
pollu7on
Water
Challenges:
sewage
service

14. By
2035
(InternaGonal
Energy
Agency
-­‐
IEA):
• One
billion
without
access
to
the
electricity
• 2.7
billion
without
access
to
clean
cooking
fuels
Energy
Challenges
:
Electrical
service

15. TransportaGon
:
The
largest
world
challenge

16. Air
polluGon
7
million
premature
deaths
annually
linked
to
air
pollu7on
(WHO)

17. Slums
issue
The
slum
popula7on
is
projected
to
increase
from
780
million
(in
2000)to
somewhere
between
900
and
1,500
million
(in
2020).
Mumbai’s
Slum
More
than
one
million

18. Lack
of
basic
services
for:
• Educa7on
• Health
• Culture,
entertainment,
sport
• People
with
disabili7es

19. • Popula7on
growth
• Urban
services
• Infrastructures
• Building
capacity
Developing
countries
challenge.

20. Urban infrastructures description

21. Electrical
Grid
in
France
Line
high
tension
:600
000
km
Line
low
tension
:
670
000
km
Transformer
:
726
000
Water
network
in
France
• Pipes
:
906
000
km

22. Developing
countries
:
investment
needs
in
Infrastructures

23. Annual
need
:
1.8
to
2.3
Trillion
Transport
Electricity
Water
Telecom

24. Annual
need
:
1.8
to
2.3
Trillion
East
Asia
Pacific
Europe
and
Central
Asia
La7n
America
and
Caribbean
Middle
East
and
Northern
Africa
South
Asia;
Sub-­‐Saharan
Africa

25. 9/9/2015

26. 80%
(France)
In
developed
countries
:
infrastructures
aging
challenges
France
Buildings
Railway

27. 10
mars
2015
France
:
A
bridge
is
closed
every
day

28. United
States
(ASCE,
2013
report):
CriGcal
state
of
infrastructure
$3.6
trillions
for
infrastructure
update

29. hbp://www.forbes.com/sites/williampentland/2013/08/30/blackout-­‐risk-­‐tool-­‐puts-­‐price-­‐tag-­‐on-­‐power-­‐reliability/
“Our
grids
are
old
and
our
equipment
is
aging,”
said
Robin
Luo,
vice
president
and
blackout
model
project
manager
at
Harford
Steam
Boiler.
US,
the
yeraly
cost
of
electrical
outages
=
$
150B

30. • Popula7on
growth
• Urban
services
• Infrastructures
• Building
capacity
Developing
countries
challenge.

31. Knowledge
Time
Knowledge
Society
Capacity
to
use
this
knowledge
in
the
economy
• Global
• Accessible
InnovaGon,
Technology,
EducaGon,
Management

32. Digital
technology
:
Driver
of
innovaGon

33. Q1
:
What
are
the
main
challenges
of
developing
countries
?
Q2
:
What
is
the
smart
city
concept
?
Q3
:
Why
this
concept
should
be
implemented
in
developing
countries
?
Q4:
How
to
implement
this
concept
?
(Case
study
:
SunRise
project)

34. Infrastructure
Housing
Management
Eco-­‐
responsible
Socio
-­‐responsible
Huge
economic
crisis
We
have
to
transform
the
city
(design,
construcGon,
maintenance
management)
Opportunity
:
use
the
digital
revoluGon
to
conduct
efficient
transformaGon
at
lower
cost

35. Digital
RevoluGon
• Social
network
• Mobile
• Internet
of
things

36. Could
operate:
•
Measurement
(state)
•
Data
storage
•
Analysis
(intelligence
/
knowledge)
•
Communica7on
with
other
“Things”
Each
“Thing”
• Unique
idenGfier
• Localized
The
Internet
of
Things

38. Smart
Sensors
and
actuators

39. Smart
Technology
Smart
governance
Store
Analyze
Learn
Real
7me
control
Op7mal
control

40. Health,
Educa7on
Art,
Culture
More
data

41. Smart
city
technology
allows
• Real-­‐7me
monitoring
• Rapid
ac7on
in
the
case
of
abnormal
event
(security,
leakage,
contamina7on,....)
• Op7mal
management
• Stakeholders
implica7on
• New
services

42. Example
:
Eclectricity
challenges

43. 11
August
2015
49
900
MW
33
300
MW
Electricity
consumpGon
in
France
1
February
2015
74
600
MW
60
400
MW

44. Cost
of
the
Electricity
Unit
(MWh)
Power
generated
Related
to
the
power
center
genera7on

45. Smart
Energy
system,
opGmal
management
ProducGon
Storage
Smart
Grid
Energy
ConsumpGon

46. Smart
Grid
–
NEMA
Report
(2011)
Associa0on
of
electrical
and
medical
imaging
equipment
manufacturers
(US)

47. Smart
City
market
by
2020
:
$408
billion
www.forbes.com,
June
2014

48. China
:
$322
billion
August
13,
2014
:
200
Smart
City
projects

49. July
18,
2014
• 100
Smart
City
projects
• Government
investment
(2015):
$
1.2
billion
India
:

50. Smart
City
JAPAN

51. Africa
2014
Combina7on
of
:
• Rapid
urbaniza7on
•
Increasing
demand
for
urban
services
• Telecoms
growth
Africa
:
Huge
perspec7ve
for
the
implementa7on
of
the
Smart
City

52. Q1
:
What
are
the
main
challenges
of
developing
countries
?
Q2
:
What
is
the
smart
city
concept
?
Q3
:
Why
this
concept
should
be
implemented
in
developing
countries
?
Q4:
How
to
implement
the
smart
city
concept
?
(Case
study
:
SunRise
project)

53. Focus
on
CiGzens,
Users,
Environment
In
a
smart
soluGon,
we
Technology
Social
Science
CollecGve
intelligence
Improve
Life
quality
Security
Environment
opGmized
cost

54. Opportuni7es
in
developing
countries
We
have
to
build
or
to
update
the
infrastructures
(urban
networks,
transporta7on,
buildings,..)
The
cost
of
smart
monitoring
is
low
regarding
the
infrastructure
cost.
The
smart
“design”
reduces
the
cost
of
construcGon

55. • Improves
the
asset
management
• Reduces
the
running
and
maintenance
costs
The
smart
technology
Savings
in
the
construcGon
and
running
costs
largely
funds
the
smart
system
implementaGon

56. Other
opportuniGes
for
developing
countries
• High
mobile
penetra7on
• High
use
of
social
media
• Good
skills
in
informa7on
technology.

57. Barriers
to
the
smart
city
implementaGon
• Cultural
(policy
makers,
administra7on,
private
sector,
individual…)
• Organiza7on
(in
silos)
• Regula7ons
• Economic
model

58. Q1
:
What
are
the
main
challenges
of
developing
countries
?
Q2
:
What
is
the
smart
city
concept
?
Q3
:
Why
this
concept
should
be
implemented
in
developing
countries
?
Q4:
How
to
implement
the
smart
city
concept
?
(Case
study
:
SunRise
project)

59. SunRise
:
Large-­‐scale
demonstrator
of
the
Smart
city

60. Large
academic
project
«
City
of
the
Future)
?
2010
-­‐
2011
CiGes
Metropolis
Social
Housing
Eco-­‐District
Energy
(Elecrical,
Gaz,
District
heaGng)
Water
(Drinking,
Sewage)
ConstrucGon
companies
TelecommunicaGon
IT
SoluGon
Engineering
Research
EducaGon
InnovaGon

61. Develop
innovaGve
soluGon,
which
Combines
:
• City
• Sustainability
• Digital
revolu7on
Smart
Grid
–
Smart
City

62. Smart
City
implementaGon
?
Large
ExperimentaGon
(Demonstrator)

63. ScienGfic
Campus
Small
town:
• 25
000
users
• 140
Buildings
(320
000
m2
)

64. Campus
Construit
en
1967

65. C1
–
Chimie
(1966)
Polytech’Lille
(2000)
IUT
(2006)
Learning
Center
(2016)
Bâ7ment
D
(Rénova7on
/Extension,
2019)

66. 100
km
of
Urban
Networks
• Drinking
Water
• Sewage
• District
HeaGng
• Gas
• Electrical
(
HV,
LV)
• Public
light
• Roads

67. InnovaGon
operators
• Pole
Ubiquitaire
• CITC
–EURARFID
• PRN
Local
government
• AMGVF
(Large
Ci7es
associa7on)
• Lille
Metropolis
• Region
• ArtoisComm
InternaGonal:
• W-­‐Smart
(Int.
Ass.
for
water
Security)
• US
• Netherland,
UK,
Spain
• Lebanon,
Morocco
Water/Energy/Buildings
operators
• Dalkia
• Eaux
du
Nord
(Suez)
• Eau
de
Paris
• ERDF
• Lille
Métropole
Habitat
Research
Laboratories:
• Engineering
• Informa7on
technology
• Social
Science
EducaGon
:
• Master
programs
• PhD
programs
Starts-­‐ups
:
Stereograph,
Nooliqc,
Inodesign,
Calmwater,
Planete
oui,
Ixsane,
Projex,
Public/private/InternaGonal
partners:

68. SunRise
Community
:
Faculty
members,
PhD,
Master
Degree
Students,
engineers,

69. «
IT
DAYS
GRAND
NORD
2015
»
April,
16,
2015

70. SunRise
Plaqorm
InformaGon
Sytem
Asset
Data
(GIS)
AnalyGcs
Wb
servor
communicaGon
• Users
• Management
staff
• Technical
staff
• Academic
Staff
• Public
CommunicaGon
:
• Réseaux
filaires
• Réseaux
sans
fils
Monitoring
• Buildings
• Water
Network
• Energy
network
• Others
Sensors
data
Users
-­‐ Alert
-­‐ Informa7on
Users
data
Open
data
• Weather
• Traffic
• Emergency
Open
data

71. Urban
InformaGon
system:
GIS
for
all
the
campus
infrastructures
Electricité
Chauffage
Assainissement
Eau
potable

72. • Drinking
Water
• Sewage
• District
HeaGng
• Gas
• Electrical
(
HV,
LV)
• Public
light
• Pavements

73. Drinking
water

74. Concerns:
• Leakage
• Real-­‐7me
contamina7on
detec7on
• Users
awareness
• Energy
op7miza7on

75. Partners
:
• W-­‐Smart
(Interna7onal
associa7on
for
Water
Security)
• Eaux
du
Nord
(Suez
Environment),
Eaux
de
Paris,
CEA-­‐
LIST
• KWR,
SmrtWater4Europe
(Acciona,
Vitens,
Thames
water,…)

76. TWUL
Demo
site
London
Smart
Caceres
Caceres
VIP
Leeuwarden
Sunrise
Demo
site
Lille
European
Project
SmartWater4Europe

77. • 16 km de pipes
• 49 fire hydrant s
• 250 valves
• 90 ARM
• 5 pressure cells

78. VHF 169 MHz
Portail de restitution
de données
GPRS
Data
transfer

80. Water
quality
Real
Gme
detecGon
of
the
water
contaminaGon
?

81. Water
quality
:
Real
Gme
detecGon
of
water
contaminaGon
?
Intellisonde
(UK)
S::scan
(Austria
)
Event
Lab
(Netherland)

82. Intellisonde
(UK)
Event
Lab
(Netherland)
S::scan
(Austria
)
Contaminant
InjecGon
Phase
1
:
Devices
qualifica7on
in
a
large
scale
pilot

83. 108
UFC/ml
107
UFC/ml
108
UFC/ml
108
UFC/ml
107
UFC/ml
107
UFC/ml
InjecGon
of
E.
Coli
105
CFU/ml
106
CFU/ml
107
CFU/ml
108
CFU/ml
Turbidity
(S:Scan)

84. District
heaGng

85. Concerns:
• Data-­‐based
Diagnos7c
• Reduc7on
of
energy
looses
(primary,
secondary,
buildings)
• Demand-­‐
based
energy
produc7on
(usage,
historical
data,…)
• Users
awareness

86. SunRise
Site pilote de la ville
intelligente et durable
Réseau
d'eau
District
heaGng
system
HeaGng
Center

87. HeaGng
Sub-­‐StaGon
• Temperature
• Flow
• Pressure
• Consump7on
Regula7on
System
(Valve
Controllers)

88. Old
regulaGon
system
88

89. Data
:
Building
«
M1
»
Heat
ConsumpGon
External
Temperature

90. Heat
ConsumpGon
External
Temperature

91. Analysis
showed
a
high
potenGal
of
energy
savings
(up
to
40
%
in
some
buildings)
University
Decision
:
Large
investment
in
-­‐ Upgrading
the
district
hea7ng
network
to
a
smart
network
-­‐ Co-­‐genera7on
sta7on
Funded
by
:
• Energy
savings
• Public
–
private
partnership

92. Under
Progress:
• Public
ligh7ng
• Sewage
• Cyber
security
• SunRise
social
network

93. SunRise
:
relevant
model
for
other
universiGes

95. Smart
Campus:
Une
nouvelle
approche
du
pilotage
immobilier
des
universités
Retour
d’expérience
du
projet
SunRise
–
Smart
City
Isam
SHAHROUR,
Professeur
Université
Lille1
COLLOQUE
ANNUEL
DES
DIRECTEURS
Généraux
des
Services
Strasbourg,
24
–
25
Juin
2015

96. SunRise
:
Projet
Phare
de
la
3ème
RévoluGon
industrielle
–
Nord
Pas
de
Calais

97. SunRise
today
(4
years)
• Major
Smart
City
project
• Large
private-­‐public
partnership
• Crea7on
of
a
start-­‐up,
others
in
perspec7ve
• Several
implementa7ons
(social
housing,
eco-­‐
district,
park
of
technology,
town,..)
Priority
in
the
6-­‐years
regional
development
plan
(state
–
region
agreement)
with
significant
public
funding

98. Priority
in
the
6-­‐years
regional
development
plan
(state
–
region
agreement)
CPER
with
significant
public
funding

99. Summary
-­‐
Conclusion

100. When
see
things
we
make
progress
The
Smart
City
solu7on
allows
to
«
see»
the
city
components
(physical,
social,…)
and
their
interac7on
at
different
spa7al
and
7me
scales…
It
is
a
major
step
to
make
progress
in
the
development
of
the
“Smart
city”,
the
city
which
takes
care
of
its
ci7zens
and
environment
This
solu7on
is
relevant
for
both
developed
and
developing
countries,
the
ques7on
is
how
to
start
?

101. CreaGon
of
Lille1
«
Smart
City
»
consultant/experGse
center
(This
year)