1. • Romania is the perfect land of contrasts and paradoxes: the country of Constantin Brancusi,
Eugene Ionesco, Emil Cioran, Mircea Eliade, and Nadia Comaneci, but also of Dracula and
Nicolae Ceausescu. The Old World of Romania is a vast museum of ancient heritage and still
alive even if only through its famous painted churches and monasteries, its folk art, or its feudal
castles in the Carpathian Mountains. The New World may be embodied by the Parliament
Palace and the subway network in Bucharest, or by the Western styles of life adopted by
Romania's townsfolk.
2. • The Romanian are was populated
in the Ancient Times by Greek–
like or Geto dacians-like people .
• For the first time they where
mentioned by the Greek historian,
Herodotus ,who appreciated them
and said that they where “the
bravest and the right of all Tracs”
3. • Romanian people are of latin
orgin like Italians,French,being
the only Roman people from
the East-Europe.
• The intense process of
Romanization stamped a
lasting mark on the language
of the Romanian people, on
their name, conscience and
culture. The Romanian
people's formation relied on
two basic ethnic elements,
namely the Geto-Dacians, and
the Romans, who superposed,
with a minor Slavic adjustment.
4. During the Middle Age Romanian lived
divided in three
states:Transilvania,Moldova and Tara
Romaneasca.
Their teritory was the cause of different
fightings among the neighbours such as
Hungary,Poland,Otoman Empire ,Russia
and Austria.
Because of the victories against the
Otoman Empire Romanian States
succeeded to be ,for two centuries ,a
“Christian Gate” .This was a important
reason for the Otoman Empire to stop
conquering the Centre of the Europe .
The rules who obtained the most
important victories where :Mircea the Old
,Vlad Tepes (Dracula),Stephan the Grave
and Michael the Brave.
5. The first step to eliminate the politic
devision was the Principality Union of
Moldova and Muntenia in 1859 under
the leading of Al.I.Cuza(native from
Barlad and our High School is named
after him).
Cuza was the first ruller who
developed the Romanian society and
his aim was bring at the same level
Romanian and European institutions.
6. • On May 9, 1877, the Assembly of
Deputies, synthesising the
aspirations of the Romanian people,
proclaimed independence, with
foreign minister Mihail
Kogalniceanu making the decision
known to the world. Romania's
independence was further
consolidated by the country's
military involvement, alongside
Russia and the Balkan peoples, in
the anti-Ottoman war of 1877 - 1878.
A Romanian army crossed the
Danube and participated in the
siege of Pleven and Vidin
7. • In 1918, Romania's
political unity, based on
the principles of peoples'
right to self-
determination, was
completed.
• At the end of World War I
Romania remade its
national teritory by the
union with Romanian
teritories under Russian
and Austrian leading
(Transilvania,Bucovina,
Basarabia)
8. • The deterioration of international
situation, the outbreak of the
Second World War (1939)
seriously hit Romania, as the big
totalitarian powers broke her
territorial integrity. In 1940, in the
wake of ultimatums addressed to
the Romanian Government, the
Soviet Union occupied Basarabia
and the North of Bucovina, while
Germany and Italy decided by the
Vienna Award that the Northern
part of Transylvania be ceded by
Romania to Hungary. The
Kadrilater, Southern part of
Dobrogea, was ceded to Bulgaria.
9. • After 1948, Romania entered the network
of Soviet satellite countries. Soviet-style
nationalisation and collectivisation
followed the communist take-over.
Industrial entreprises, mines, banks and
transport facilities became subject to a
planned economy. In 1951, five year
plans were introduced to develop
industry and agriculture. But in the
1960s, under the leadership of Gheorghe
Gheorghiu-Dej and his successor,
Nicolae Ceausescu, the Communist
Party of Romania began to implement a
foreign policy independent of Soviet
goals.
• The populace was controlled by the
secret police (Securitate) and the
government, dominated by Ceausescu's
family, squandered much of the nation's
remaining wealth on megalomaniac
constructions and feasts. For nearly 25
years, Ceausescu's regime slowly
dragged the Romanians into an
economic, social and moral deadlock.
10. • When communist regimes across
Eastern Europe fell in 1989, Ceausescu
resisted the trend and reassessed his
unpopular policies. All these things and
many more heightened popular
discontent and triggered the forced
overthrow of the dictatorial regime in
December 1989. In mid-December of that
year, however, antigovernment
demonstrations erupted in the country's
cities, and, when the Romanian army
joined the uprising against him,
Ceausescu fled. He was arrested by the
new provisional government, tried and
executed (December 25, 1989).
• The revolution from 1989 represented the
begining of a slow proces but also
followed by the hardships of transition to
democracy an to market economy.
11. • Today the Romanian society is
considered to have appropriated
most of the democratic values .
• The political parties alternate to
govern country
• A formed civil society
• The norms of the Law State are
respected.
• The legislative system is
according to a democratic society.
• It has a functional market.
• In 2003 ,Romania was accepted in
N.A.T.O. And make all the efforts
to integrate in European
structures.
12. • Located in Sinaia (44 km from
Brasov), Peles Castle is one of
Romania's most important
museums in the country since it
was the final resting place for
several Romanian monarchs
including King Carol I, who died
here in 1914.
• The building of the castle begin in
1873 under the direct order of the
Viennese architect Wilhem Doderer
and was continued in 1876 by his
assistant, Johann Schultz de
Lemberg. During 1877-1879 because
of the war they abandoned work.
That's why the castle was
inaugurated only on October 7,
1883. To the initial castle the Czech
architect, Karel Liman added, during
1896-1914, Pelisor, a small castle
with 70 rooms.
15. University of Agronomic Science
and Veterinary Medicine - Bucureşti
Faculty of Management, Economic
Engineering in Agriculture and Rural
Development
By students: Daraban Isabela Silvia
Baicu Gabriel
Group: 8211 IMAPA