Definition of map: diagrammatic representation of reality on a paper. elements of a map: scale, direction, title, subtitle, ownership, key map, legend contents of base map: boundaries network, topography, landuse, contours, utilities appropriate scales for various types of plan like regional plan, perspective plan, development plan, local area plan measurement of sclaes: scale conversion from larger unit to smaller units and vice-versa Landuse classification, Landuse Landcover (LULC) classification

1. Scales and
Preparation of Maps
2022

2. Maps: Representation of Reality
Definition:
Map is a diagrammatic representation of an area of land or sea showing
administrative boundaries, natural/physical features, roads, etc
Source:
Historic
Map
Works
LLC/Historic
Map
Works/GettyImages

3. Elements of Map
1. Title, sub-title
2. Direction
3. Scale
5. Key or
Inset Map
6. Prepared by
or ownership
4. Legend

4. Scales
Types Feature
1. Statement of Scale/ Word
scale/ Verbal
e.g. 1cm is equal to 100m
Easy to understand but tough to convert/
judge reality
2. Representative Fraction or
Numeric Scale
• Distance x : y
• Areal x2 : y2
• In Distance scale, units remain same in
numerator ‘x’ and denominator ‘y’
• Easier to read
• Universally accepted
• It changes with a little zoom-in or zoom-
out, a usual error in prints
3. Graphical
• Linear
• Bar
• Usually adopted for small-scale drawings
• Readability remains same even with zoom-
in/out or variation in print scale
• Chances of error are higher while
translating in reality
x
km
x km

5. Measurement of areas
Source: NCERT

6. Appropriate Scales for Maps
Source: URDPFI Guidelines, Vol I., 2015

7. Contents of base maps
Information depiction depends on:
• Purpose of map
• Scale
• Projection
• Method of map‐making
• Draughting skill
Regional Base Map City Base Map Site Base Map
Boundaries National, State,
District, Taluk, Village
Metropolitan, urban, ULB,
zonal, census, cantonment,
urban/ rural village
All adjacent ownerships
Network NH, SH, district roads,
expressways, Railway
lines, bridges
NH, SH, MDR, arterial, sub-
arterial, collector/ distributer
All access roads/ streets,
pedestrian paths, trails
Topography Forests, hills, rivers &
streams, lakes,
wetlands, etc.
Hills, water bodies, Rivers
and streams, canals, lakes,
swamps, marshy lands
Vegetation (trees, bushes,
hedge), water pond, water
pools
Land-use Urban settlement,
rural settlements,
important
headquarters
Residential, PSP, Govt instt.,
commercial hubs, transport
hubs, major greens, heritage
sites, floodable areas, etc.
All adjacent built-uses, floor-
wise use
Contours 100m interval 3m to 5m interval (usually) 500 mm interval
Utilities Power stations, dams,
etc
HT lines, water & sewer lines,
waste dumping areas, etc.
HT/ LT lines, dustbins, water
& sewer lines,RWH, etc

8. Contents of base maps
1. Land cover
2. Structures
3. Boundaries
4. Hydrography
5. Geographic names
6. Transportation
7. Elevation
8. Orthographic imagery

9. Preparation of GIS base maps
Preparation includes
overlaying of;
1. Arial photo
2. Physiographic
conditions
3. Population size & type
information
4. Ownership boundaries
5. Any other feature of
importance
Source: Guide to Preliminary
Planning Surveys of Urban
Areas Including Land Use
Classification, TCPO, 2004

10. Preparation of Planning base maps using GIS
Preparation includes
overlaying of;
1. Arial photo
2. Physiographic
conditions
3. Population size & type
information
4. Physical & Social
infrastructure
5. Any other feature of
importance
Source:
URDPFI
Guidelines,
Vol
I.,
2015

11. Landuse Classification
Major landuse classifications identified are under 10 broad catagories;
Source: URDPFI, 2015

12. Landuse Land-cover Classification : Regional
Urban landuse classification for plans at scale 1:2,50,000 to 1:50,000 ;
Source: Guide to Preliminary Planning Surveys of Urban Areas Including Land Use Classification, TCPO, 2004

13. Landuse Land-cover Map : Regional Plan
Delhi NCR Regional Plan for 2021

14. Land Use Classification : Urban scale
Urban landuse classification for plans at scale 1:50000 to 1:8000 ;
Source: Guide to Preliminary Planning Surveys of Urban Areas Including Land Use Classification, TCPO, 2004

15. Land Use Map : Master Plan

16. Land Use Map : Master Plan
Delhi Master Plan for 2041

17. Land Use Map : Zonal Development Plan
Landuse plan of Amravati
at Zonal level and Layout
Plan level
Source:
https://www.researchgate.net/fi
gure/A-Land-use-map-of-
Amaravati-Capital-City-
Source_fig3_342062498,
accessed on 16-11-022