OECD Digital Economy Outlook 2017: Presentation at Global Parliamentary Network, 11 October 2017
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The Digital Economy Outlook 2017 shows how Internet infrastructure and usage varies across countries and firms in the OECD area. It looks at policy implications of the digital transformation as well as a wide array of trends. Report available at http://oe.cd/deo2017
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OECD Digital Economy Outlook 2017: Presentation at Global Parliamentary Network, 11 October 2017
- 1. GLOBAL PARLIAMENTARY NETWORK, PARIS 11 OCTOBER 2017 OECD DIGITAL ECONOMY OUTLOOK 2017 Dirk Pilat, OECD Deputy Director for Science, Technology and Innovation, dirk.pilat@oecd.org
- 2. 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 Millions Smartphones Other mobile phones Quarterly shipping trends of smartphones, 2010-13 NBC News, St Peter’s Square: http://instagram.com/p/W2FCksR9-e/ and OECD Broadband Portal 2013 We are in a new phase of the digital transformation, … 2
- 3. … with new opportunities for greater wellbeing. http://www.kpcb.com/internet-trends; https://www.digitaltrends.com/home/everything-that-works-with-amazon-echo-smart-home/;; http://blog.caranddriver.com/ Telemedicine in Rural Canada Open and Distance Learning in South Africa Better- than-Cash Alliance at UNCDF 3
- 4. Key building blocks for a digital transformation that supports wellbeing Connectivity Effective use Review of Policies Security and Privacy Strategic coordination Skills 4
- 5. 1. Connectivity has grown, but access to fibre networks is lagging Share of Fibre in Fixed broadband subscriptions, in %, December 2016 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 5
- 6. 2. Most firms are connected, but few make effective use of advanced ICT Diffusion of selected ICT tools and activities in enterprises, 2016 As a percentage of enterprises with ten or more employees 0 20 40 60 80 100 Broadband Social media E-purchases Cloud computing E-sales % Median Lowest in OECD Highest in OECD MEX MEX MEX FIN POL MEX NOR NZL FIN NZL 6
- 7. … and SMEs are lagging, even in technologies suited to them Enterprises using cloud computing services, by firm size, 2016 As a percentage of enterprises in each employment size class 0 20 40 60 80 100 % All enterprises 10-49 50-249 250+ 7
- 8. 3. Skills: too few have the skills for a technology-rich environment 0 10 20 30 40 % All users Of which users with insufficient ICT skills Workers using office productivity software at work every day As a percentage of total population 8
- 9. I don’t need a car, I need mobility. 4. Policy Review: New business models challenge existing policies I don’t need a postman, drones can do the job. I don’t need an employer, I can use a platform. I can afford this house, by renting it out. 9
- 10. 5. Security (and privacy) are a growing challenge Digital security incidents experienced by individuals, 2015 or later As a percentage of all individuals and by level of educational attainment 0 10 20 30 40 50 % All (individuals aged 16-74) High level of educational attainment Low level of educational attainment 10
- 11. 6. Effective models for strategic co- ordination will be needed National digital strategy governance Number of countries that have allocated respective responsibilities Lead the development Contribute input Co-ordinate Government, e.g. Prime Minister, Presidency, Chancellery, etc. 4 0 5 Digital affairs ministry or body or ministerial position 8 1 10 Ministry or body not dedicated to digital affairs 15 2 13 Several ministries, bodies or institutions 6 14 5 Multiple public and private stakeholders 1 17 0 11
- 12. Main policy messages • Ensure that digital opportunities can be harnessed by all firms and individuals, and by governments themselves. • Ensure connectivity for all, including to fibre networks. • Foster more effective use of advanced digital technologies by individuals, firms and government. • Strengthen skills for all workers and citizens. • Review legacy frameworks • Embrace the potential of digital innovation, but mitigate social cost. • Address digital risks strategically. • Develop whole-of-government digital strategies and foster effective cooperation across countries. 12
- 13. GOING DIGITAL Making the Transformation Work for Growth and Well-being Understand the digital transformation and its impacts on the economy and society Provide policymakers with the tools needed to develop a forward-looking, whole-of-government policy response Help overcome the gap between technology and policy development WHAT’S NEXT?
- 14. Digital Economy Outlook 2017 OECD i-library www.oecd-ilibrary.org Twitter @OECDinnovation OECD Science, Technology and Innovation www.oecd.org/sti/ieconomy/ OECD Broadband Portal www.oecd.org/sti/broadband/oecdbroadbandportal.htm OECD Going Digital project: http://oe.cd/goingdigital 14
Hinweis der Redaktion
- This is the second edition of the DEO which as of 2015 combines two previous publications: IT / IE Outlook and Communications Outlook. This in itself reflects the changes that are underway in this sector as communications and information technologies converge OECD Members in the Committee on Digital Economiy Policy (CDEP) were closely associated to producing the DEO. As Korea (Wonki) chairs the CDEP Committee, I am particularly pleased to launch its flagship publication here in Seoul. My presentation aims to provide key highlights from the DEO, with a focus on Korea as relevant.
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- http://blog.caranddriver.com/
- Broadband subscription have further increased across the OECD, by 8 million subscriptions between 2015 and 2016. But we are still seeing very little deployment of fibre in most countries: while some are moving ahead with high shares of fibre, notably Japan (75%) and Korea (74%), the average share in the OECD is only at 6.4%, and many countries are still below 1%, including Germany, Belgium and Israel.
- However, there is much room for improvement on advanced ICT tools. In particular use of tools that can enhance productivity such as cloud computing or big data analysis are far from being used to their full potential.
- … and SMEs are lagging in pariticular, including on tools such as cloud computing, which should in fact be very beneficial to many SMEs, given that it allows firms to buy computing by the hour and software as a services, rather than having to invest in expensive hard- and software.
- First, to succeed in a digital environment it is crucial to have good generic ICT skills. We see that many workers are using software on their job for which they need generic ICT skills, so called office productivity software (OPS); however, there are a shocking 42% of these workers that have insufficeint skills for using such software effectively. There is thus some important ground work to be done to empower people to work with the tools they already have. Second, we hear a lot about a shortage of ICT specialists. And for some countries, this is certainly true. Our data shows for example that IT staff were the second most difficult job for employers to fill in 2016. However, if we look closer at data for example on Average vacancy rates in ICT services relative to the total business sector, or ICT online job postings … we see a more ambiguous picture, which suggests that measurable shortages of ICT specialists may be limited to a few countries so far, at least in Europe.
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- … and trust is not there yet! Numerous individuals are experiencing digital security incidents, and high levels of education are not a protection. Korea situates in the midfield on this indicator. If we look more into details, as the DEO shows, the share of individuals* having experienced a financial loss from fraudulent online payment in the last three months is around 3% in some countries (Denmark and Luxembourg), and the share of individuals* having experienced a financial loss from phishing/pharming in the last three months can go up to over 7% (Belgium). And these incidents have effects on behaviour: almost 50% of individulas in Europe (28) say that security concerns are keeping them from doing certain online activities, incl. social and professional networking, online purchases, online banking, etc. * as a percentage of all individuals
- Co-ordination has indeed been identified in our DEO survey as a key challenge to implementing these objectives. Currently, responsibilities for digital policy development and co-ordination are widely spread: - Very few countries have assigned a high level government official or body dedicated to digital affairs (4 for strategy development, 5 for co-ordination) Somewhat more countries now have a digital affairs ministry or body or ministerial position that leads strategy development (8) and co-ordination (10) However, the largest number of countries still gives these responsibility to a ministry or body not dedicated to digital affairs (15 for strategy development, 13 for co-ordination)… or even to several ministries, bodies or institutions. To add to this, some countries assign one body for the development but not for co-ordination … What is encouraging is that many countries sollicit input from multiple public and private stakeholders (17) … in brief: the current situation in many countries does not demonstrate strategic coherence and co-ordination. (see notes on next page) To help governments deal with the challenges raised by digital transformation, including the governance aspects, the OECD has recently started a large cross-cutting project – “Going Digital” – One of our tasks under this project is to develop an integrated policy framework that should help governments achieve more policy coherence and better co-ordination.
- NOTE: THIS SLIDE IS HIDDEN. IT RECAPS MAIN MESSAGES AND SUB-MESSAGES. Digital opportunities abound, but governments must ensure they are equally harnessed by all: firms, individuals, and governments themselves Unequal distribution of opportunities has ushered a sense of the urgency to marshal the digital transformation to achieve more inclusive and sustainable prosperity The digital transformation gains political momentum being high on the global agenda Providing infrastructure and connectivity is essential but not enough: governments must foster more effective use of advanced digital technologies. Potential remains for the uptake of digital technologies in many countries, for the elderly and less educated, and for SMEs Effective use by more individuals, firms and governments of technologies like cloud computing, big data analysis, etc., will spur productivity, growth and well-being Governments need to review legacy frameworks to navigate the digital transformation, embracing the potential of digital innovation but also mitigating social cost Some governments have started to review policies, including sectoral regulation, labour laws, trade agreements to address the effects of the digital transformation on job displacement, the emergence of new forms of work, and the evolving trade landscape; more governments need to follow suit At the same time, governments must step up efforts to empower people with the skills needed to succeed in a digital world and broaden access to digital opportunities for all actors. Growing digital security, privacy and consumer risks hamper digital opportunities: governments need to address digital risk stratregically to achieve economic and social goals. SMEs experience more security incidents (X%) than larger firms and governments should promote digital security risk management in SMEs While most governments have a national strategy for security, only few are considering a national strategy for privacy Consumer policies need to grapple with new issues such as those arising in peer platform markets For the digital transformation to spur growth and social prosperity, governments need whole-of-government digital strategies and more effective cooperation across countries. To address the policy implications of the digital transformation governments work with the OECD to improve measurement and develop an integrated policy framework for a whole-of-government approach To achieve this goal, governments need to grapple with the challenges of governance and co-ordination The promises of technologies such as AI and blockchain hinge on grappling with technical hurdles and policy challenges
- The digital transformation is changing the global economy and society profoundly, leading to wide-ranging and uncertain outcomes. It is also accelerating fast, widening the gap between technological developments and policy frameworks. These uncertainties and the increasing technology-policy gap have pushed the digital transformation to the top of the policy agenda, not only at the OECD but also in other international fora, such as the G20 and G7. The challenge for policymakers is to understand the core aspects of this transformation and to identify the policy mix that will enable their economies to maximise the benefits of an increasingly digital global economy and adequately address the related challenges. A coherent and comprehensive policy approach that allows stakeholders, including the private sector, to collaborate to navigate the change will ensure the benefits of the digital transformation are harnessed for more – and more inclusive – growth. This requires overcoming organisational barriers to integration, sharing and horizontality of decision-making, and use of data and digital technologies.
- … to learn more about all of these and many more topics, please: download our new Digital Economy Outlook 2017 from the OECD i-library: www.oecd-ilibrary.org follow our activities, not only Twitter, but also via our websites take a look at our new Going Digital project and use our publically available databases