Dental restorations / oral surgery courses

YOUR IDENTITY IN THE TOOTH
RESTORATIONS AND PROSTHESIS
www.indiandentalacademy.com
INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing Dental
Education

• Teeth the least destructible
tissue in the body.
• They resist fire, desiccation, and
decomposition.
• Extreme conditions associated
with cremation cause the teeth
to become dramatically altered
or lost entirely
• It is the nonbiological artifacts
that survive and aid in
identification process. www.indiandentalacademy.com

When is identity
important?
• CRIME VICTIMS
• SUICIDE
• ACCIDENTS
• DISASTER

Indian Dental academy
• www.indiandentalacademy.com
• Leader continuing dental education
• Offer both online and offline dental courses

• Pioneer in forensic
odontology
• Identified body of general
Joseph Warren
• Replaced missing maxillary
canine with silver bridge
which was used to identify
PAUL REVERE
(1734-1818)

What is ?....
DENTAL RESTORATIONS
A material that has been placed in a prepared cavity of
tooth to restore its lost tooth structure.
DENTAL PROSTHESIS
A fixed or removable appliance used to replace 1 or more
missing natural teeth or associated dentoalveolar structures

RESTORATION
Metallic
Amalgam ,
DFG
Indirect
Cast metal
Non metallic
Composites,
GIC
Indirect
Ceramics
PROSTHESIS
Complete
dentures
Cast partial
dentures
Fixed partial
dentures
Metal
crowns
Implants
PFM, ceramic
crowns

The scene
• Victim identification
• Mutilated
• Burn Victims
• Decomposed
 Teeth wear patterns
 Restorations
 Prosthesis
 Orthodontic appliances
 Implants
• Suspect identification
• Every contact
leaves a trace
• Trace elements
• Crime Reconstruction
• They serve as
• Physical evidence
• Impartial witness

Victim Mutilated
• The teeth and restoration also
take the brunt of the trauma.
• Reconstruction of fractured
fragments help, together to
identity the person.
• Comparison of ante mortem
records with the reconstructed
body can confirm the identity

Victim Decomposed
• Teeth and restoration are
very resistant to
degradation and
decomposition.
• They last far beyond the
rest of the body.
• They can be sources of
evidence to identify the
body

• Resistance of restorations to variable temperature is unique
• Different restorative materials have different resistance to
temperature
• Detection of residual restorative materials and its
composition is a valuable tool
• When the victim burns very few structures remain intact.
Even restorations and prosthesis degrade at high
temperatures. They may still offer evidence to identify the
victim as they have characteristic break down patterns and
products
Burn Victims

EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON
RESTORATIONS
• Amalgam
Identifiable spherical globule formation
Rough course uneven surface
• GIC
Shrinkage and crack in restoration
• Ni-Cr metal
Blackened rough crumpled surface
• Ceramic
Indistinct margins with shifting of crownwww.indiandentalacademy.com

ADOLFHITLER
• Dr Hugo jonnes
• Interrogated by
Americans about Hitler's
dental treatment
• Fitted a large dental
bridge to maxilla in 1933
• In 1944,he carried a
surgery to cut a part of
bridge due to gum
infection

LEE HARVEY OSWALD
• Alleged Assassin of John
F Kennedy
• Died in 1963.
• Body exhumed in 1981
to confirm identity.
• Ante mortem and
postmortem dental
records were used as all
other tissue was
decomposed.

Tsunami 2004-Thailand and Sri Lanka
people identified by ante mortem dental
restoration records

Dental records

Newer techniques
• Quantitative Light-induced Fluorescence
• A new method for the detection of composite
restorations
• Based on auto fluorescence mechanism
• currently employed to detect small changes in
enamel mineral content.
• Illumination with high intensity blue light, will
start to emit light in green part of spectrum

• X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy
• Most rapid analytical method using x-ray beam as
radiation source
• Detects elemental composition of restoration and
allows identification of brands
• Characteristic x-ray emissions are excited by energy
sources
• Measures the energy of emitted x-ray peaks forming
spectrum, which represents elemental fingerprints of
sample
Energy dispersive spectroscopy/SEM.
• Scanning Electron Microscopy allows detailed surface
analysis as well as high magnification viewing of very
small features.
• Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) feature allows
the additional advantage of being able to obtain the
elemental composition of small objects or surfaces.

• INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
• Infrared spectroscopy differentiates organic and
inorganic compounds
• Detection by variation in IFR vibration
transmission spectrum on chemical structure of
examined compound
• Composites can be analyzed using FTIR and UV
spectroscopy as well as ESEM.
• METALLOGRAPHY
• Metallography is a routine technique for
examining the microstructure of metals
• FRACTOGRAPHY
• Fractography is the study of fracture surfaces of
materials
• indicate the direction of impact and the energy of
the projectile. overall pattern of cracking is vital to
reconstructing the sequence of eventswww.indiandentalacademy.com

• RADIOFREQUENCY ID TAG
• Can store personal data in a small
transponder
• Can be radiotransmitted to a reader
connected to computer
• Serial number identifying person will be
stored in a microchip with an attached
antenna
• Can be incorporated into denture

Remember !
Wherever one steps, whatever one touches, whatever one leaves,
even unconsciously, will serve as a silent witness against them.
Not only his fingerprints or footprints, but his hair, sweat, saliva,
bite marks, lip prints and teeth he filled, lost or replaced. All of
these, become mute witnesses.
It is factual evidence. Physical evidence cannot be wrong, it cannot
perjure itself, and cannot be wholly absent. Only human failure to
find it, study it and understand it, can diminish its value.

 COLOR ATLAS OF FORENSIC ODONTOLOGY-WHITAKKER
 AFTER THE INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI: SINGAPORE’S CONTRIBUTION TO THE
INTERNATIONAL,DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION EFFORT IN THAILAND-
G LAU,, WF TAN,
 AUTOMATIC FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION BASED ON DENTAL RADIOGRAPHS-
HONG CHEN
 DENTAL IDENTIFICATION OF A DECOMPOSED BODY-FLAMUR BLAKAJ1,
TEUTA BICAJ 2, BESNIK BICAJ3
 DENTAL RECORDS: A BELGIUM STUDY-A. DIERICKX1, M. SEYLER1,
 ENGRAVED FIXED RESTORATIONS AND DENTURE MICRO-LABELLING TO
FACILITATE IDENTIFICATION THROUGH FORENSIC DENTISTRY-P. KAMATH
DISASTER VICTIM IDENTIFICATION GUIDE
 EFFECTS OF HIGH TEMPERATURE ON DIFFERENT RESTORATIONS IN
FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION: DENTAL SAMPLES AND MANDIBLE-KALPANA A
PATIDAR, RAJKUMAR PARWANI
 ESTABLISHING PERSONAL IDENTIFICATION BASED ON SPECIFIC PATTERNS
OF MISSING, FILLED, AND UNRESTORED TEETH- BRADLEY J. ADAMS,1 PH.D
 EVALUATION OF IDENTIFICATION CASES INVOLVING FORENSIC DENTISTRY
IN THE CITY OF PELOTAS, RS, BRAZIL, -FERNANDA NEDEL1, ANA PAULA
NEDEL2,
 www.indiandentalacademy.com

 IDENTIFICATION THROUGH X-RAY FLUORESCENCEANALYSIS OF DENTAL
RESTORATIVE RESIN MATERIALS:A COMPREHENSIVE STUDY OF
NONCREMATED,CREMATED, AND PROCESSED-CREMATED INDIVIDUALS-
PETER J. BUSH,4 B.S
 IMPORTANCE OF DENTAL RECORDS FOR VICTIM IDENTIFICATION
FOLLOWING THE INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI DISASTER IN THAILAND-M.
PETJUA,, A. SUTEERAYONGPRASERTB,
 INCORPORATION OF RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION TAG IN
DENTURES TO
 FACILITATE RECOGNITION AND FORENSIC HUMAN IDENTIFICATION-E.
NUZZOLESE1,*, V. MARCARIO
 INFRARED SPECTROSCOPIC IDENTI¯CATION OF CHOSEN DENTAL
MATERIALS AND NATURAL TEETH-W. HE»DZELEKA
 INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE CODE USED FOR CITIZENSHIP
IDENTIFICATION IN A DENTURE-HIDEO MATSUMURA

Dental restorations / oral surgery courses

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