Clinical photography (2) /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy

INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com


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SLR – Single Lens Reflex


FORMATS

Resolution


dpi = dots per
inch

Pixels – Picture
Elements
ppi =pixels per
inch

Courtesy Dr Akhter Hussain
Courtesy ::Dr Akhter Hussain

Shutter
Speed


Depth of
Field


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Increase the illumination of the subject to stop
down the aperture.
Don’t get any closer to the subject than you
have to.
Focus on something in the middle of the scene
(front to back) since in close-ups, depth of field
is half in front and half behind the plane of
critical focus.
To increase depth of field, switch to aperture
priority mode and select a small aperture such
as f/11.

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rapid turn-around
checkable exposure accuracy
no ageing of photos
dust and scratches are irrelevant
built in white balance
immediate viewing


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no film or processing costs
inexpensive storage
easy retrieval
duplication easy
transmission around the world in seconds is
entirely feasible


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The facial photograph requirement for each
case report is
One profile photograph
 One frontal photograph
 One smiling photograph [ optional ]
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photographs to be taken with relaxed lips
views with lips lightly touching are also
acceptable
Supplemental photographs may be included
and are encouraged
Glamour photos are not necessary
Head oriented to Frankfort Horizontal


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computer generated images are used, they
must have high resolution of color and clarity

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they must accurately represent both soft and
hard tissues

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all records are legal documents and must not
be altered


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Quality standardized facial photographic color
prints of post card size, with the face
positioned as a vertical frame
Patient’s head oriented accurately in all three
planes of space and on Frankfort Horizontal
One (1) or more anterior views – frontal, and
optionally one (1) smiling photograph


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One (1) or more lateral views, facing to the
right OR left
Background free of distractions
Quality lighting revealing facial contours
Ears exposed for purpose of orientation
Eyes open and looking straight ahead. Glasses
removed


EXTRA ORAL PHOTOS

OPTIONAL PHOTOS

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The minimum intraoral photographic
requirement for each case report is:
one (1) frontal view,
 one (1) right lateral view, and
 one (1) left lateral view with the teeth in maximum
intercuspation,
 one (1)each of mandibular and maxillary occlusal
views in color.
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 They

should be oriented to the occlusal
plane.

 If

mirror images are used, print them in
reverse and mount them as you are
looking at the patient.

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Slides are not permitted.

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Quality standardized post card sized intra oral
prints in color.
Patient’s occlusal plane parallel with the top
and bottom of the color.
One (1) frontal view in maximum
intercuspation.
Two (2) lateral views (right and left).
Two (2) occlusal views (maxillary and
mandibular).

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Free of distractions (i.e., labels and fingers).
Lighting should reveal anatomical contours
with minimal shadows.
Use two (2) cheek retractors.
Free of saliva and/or bubbles.
Clean dentition.


Head tilted forward,
Head tilted backward, giving
exaggerating mandibular
Class III appearance
retrognathia

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This can occur if the patient tilts the head too
far backward or forward

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Try to get every patient into a horizontal
Frankfort plane or “natural head position”

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long hair should always be asked to tuck it
behind their ears so that the Frankfort plane
may be assessed accurately and the area of
interest is fully exposed

Lack of symmetry
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Marked tilting of
occlusal plane and
inadequate
retraction produce
poor photograph.

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The occlusal plane should be horizontal and
bisecting the frame, and the clinically correct
midline should be right in the center of the slide

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The viewfinder should be filled with teeth, with
first molars at the outer edges of the viewfinder

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Little of the retractor and none of the cheek or
lips should be visible

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Photograph with
inadequate forward
retraction and
incorrect
magnification (teeth
not filling frame)

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In intra oral anterior shots, the focus should be
on the lateral incisors
In intra oral buccal shots, the focus should be
on the premolars
Depth of field is not an issue in mirror shots,
since all the teeth are on the same plane


Some teeth out of focus


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If the correct retractors are selected and the lips
are pulled not only laterally, but forward, the
oral mucosa, rather than skin, will form the
background for the teeth in all views
Pulling the retractors backward will compress
the lips against the alveolus, producing a poor
photograph


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Lower occlusal
mirror shot includes
incisors and
terminal molars,
with no retractors or
fingers visible.

Sagittal discrepancy misrepresented in shot
with inadequate retraction and poor camera
position

Shot repeated perpendicular to posterior
segment with proper retraction

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essential to include the distal surface of the first
molar, with the shot taken perpendicular to the
posterior segments if possible
Proper selection of retractors helps a great deal
ask the patient to turn as far as possible to the
left or right against the pressure of the retractor


Leader in continuing dental education

Clinical photography (2) /certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental academy

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