This document discusses gas turbines, including their basic components and working principle. A gas turbine combusts fuel in the presence of compressed air, converting the thermal energy of the combustion products into mechanical energy. The main components are the compressor, combustion chamber, and turbine. The compressed air is mixed with fuel and burned in the combustion chamber. The hot gases then power the turbine before being exhausted. Gas turbines have applications in vehicles, aircraft, ships, and power generation.

2. ContentsContents
• Introduction
• Turbine
• Types of Turbine
• Gas Turbine
• Components of Gas turbine
• Working Principle of Gas Turbine
• Applications of GT
• Advantages & Disadvantages of GT

3. IntroductionIntroduction
• The word “turbine” was coined by the
French engineer Claude Bourdin
• Derived from the Latin word for
“whirling” or a “vortex”.

4. Types of TurbineTypes of Turbine

5. Gas TurbineGas Turbine
• Gas turbines combust liquid or gaseous
fossil fuels in the presence of compressed
air and then convert the thermal and
kinetic energy of the product gases into
mechanical energy
• Gas turbines burn fuels such as oil, nature
gas and pulverized(powdered) coal

6. Basic ComponentsBasic Components

7. Basic ComponentsBasic Components
• Compressor
 Draws in air & compresses it
• Combustion ChamberCombustion Chamber
 Fuel pumped in and ignited to burn with
compressed air
• Turbine
 Hot gases converted to work
 Can drive compressor & external load

8. CompressorCompressor
• Supplies high pressure air for combustion
process

9. Combustion ChambersCombustion Chambers
• Where air & fuel are mixed, ignited, and
burned
• Spark plugs used to ignite fuel
• Types
 Can: for small, centrifugal compressors
 Annular: for larger, axial compressors (LM
2500)
 Can-annular: for really large turbines

10. TurbinesTurbines
• Consists of one or more stages designed to
develop rotational energy
• Uses sets of nozzles & blades

11. Working Principle of GTWorking Principle of GT
• The compressed air passes to the combustion
chamber, where it is mixed with fuel and
burned. The combustion produces hot gases
that rush through the turbine blades held on a
rotor.

13. Advantages of GTAdvantages of GT
• Weight reduction of 70%
• Simplicity
• Reduced manning requirements
• Quicker response time
• Faster Acceleration/deceleration
• Modular replacement
• Less vibrations
• More economical

15. Disadvantages of GTDisadvantages of GT
• Many parts under high stress
• High pitched noise
• Needs large quantities of gas
• Large quantities of hot exhaust (target)

16. Applications of GTApplications of GT
•High Speed Cars.
•Aircraft
•Ships.
• Power Generation (Used For Peak Load
And As Stand-by Unit).