Transformer faults, types of protection and brief description of each type is explained in this presentation.

2. Transformer Protection
Muhammad Ilyas Ghumman

3. Transformer faults
• Phase fault (L-G), (L-L),(L-L-L),(L-L-G)
• Winding to core short circuit fault
• On line tap changer gear fault (OLTC)

4. Cont…
• Inter turn fault (Short)
• Over flux fault
• Inrush current fault

5. Types of protection in T/F
• Differential Protection
• Overcurrent Protection
• Over fluxing Protection
• Overheating protection

6. Cont…
• T/F Leakage protection
• Protection against incipient faults
• Protection against lightening

7. Differential Protection

8. Differential protection

9. Overcurrent Protection

10. Cont…

11. Over fluxing Protection
•V = 4.44 x Φm x f x N
•Φm = V/ (4.44 x f x N)
•Where N = No. of turns(constant)
•Φm is proportional to V / f
•Volts/hertz relay is used for over fluxing protection

12. Overheating protection

13. T/F Leakage protection

14. Protection against incipient faults

15. Protection against lightening

16. Lightening surge arrestor