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NEW INSTITUTIONAL ECONOMICS (NIE): WHAT’S NEW AND WHAT DOES IT MEAN FOR IFPRI ? Mylène Kherallah, John Maluccio,  & Nancy McCarthy IFPRI
NIE: A NEW SCHOOL OF THOUGHT “ There you go gentlemen. According to this, we are now a “school of thought.” Every school of thought is like a man who has talked to himself for a hundred years and is delighted with his own mind, however stupid it may be. (J.W.Goethe, 1817,  Principles of Natural Science )
WHAT IS NIE? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What are Institutions? ,[object Object]
Why is it called “New”? ,[object Object],[object Object]
NIE: Economic activities are embedded in a framework of institutions, formal & informal “ Old”  Institutionalist  school Neo-classical  Economics NIE
What does NIE mean for IFPRI? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
NIE New Economic History (North, Fogel, Rutheford) Public Choice & Political Economy (Buchanan, Tullock,  Olson, Bates) New Social Economics (Becker) Theory of Collective Action (Ostrom, Olson,  Hardin) Transaction Costs Economics (Coase, North, Williamson) (Social Capital) (Putnam, Coleman) Property rights literature (Alchian, Demsetz) Economics of information (Akerlof, Stigler, Stiglitz) Law and Economics (Posner)
Transaction cost economics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Transaction cost economics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Transaction cost economics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Transaction cost economics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Transaction cost economics ,[object Object],[object Object]
How is transaction cost econ. relevant for IFPRI? Globalization & industrialization of world agriculture Market liberalization & government devolution Increasing reliance on vertical linkages, long-term contracts, and coordinated relationships
How is transaction cost econ. relevant for IFPRI? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How is transaction cost econ. relevant for IFPRI? (cont’d) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example 1: Contract farming ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example 2: Grades & standards ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example 3: Transaction costs and traders behavior ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Weaknesses & limitations of transaction cost economics   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
New Institutional Economics: Social Capital ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Beyond neo-classical economics ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Social Capital definition: part 1 ,[object Object],[object Object]
Social Capital definition: part 2 ,[object Object],[object Object]
Social Capital Definitions: part N ,[object Object]
Social Capital definition: deconstruction ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How is social capital hypothesized to work? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Social? Capital?  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
How is social capital quantified (at “micro” level)? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example 1: Traders in Madagascar  (Fafchamps & Minten 1998) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Example 2: Group membership in South African Households Maluccio, Haddad, May (2000) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Social capital: problems to bear in mind ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
NIE on Property Rights and (a bit) on relevant Legal Frameworks
Why Important? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Property Rights ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Emergence of Absolute  Property Rights ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Relative Property Rights ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
NIE, Law and PR ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Problems – Theoretical  (according to an NIE person) ,[object Object],[object Object]
Problems -- Empirical ,[object Object],[object Object]
What’s the purpose of Institutional Research ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Concluding Questions: ,[object Object],[object Object]
Concluding Questions: ,[object Object],[object Object]

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New institutional economics

  • 1. NEW INSTITUTIONAL ECONOMICS (NIE): WHAT’S NEW AND WHAT DOES IT MEAN FOR IFPRI ? Mylène Kherallah, John Maluccio, & Nancy McCarthy IFPRI
  • 2. NIE: A NEW SCHOOL OF THOUGHT “ There you go gentlemen. According to this, we are now a “school of thought.” Every school of thought is like a man who has talked to himself for a hundred years and is delighted with his own mind, however stupid it may be. (J.W.Goethe, 1817, Principles of Natural Science )
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. NIE: Economic activities are embedded in a framework of institutions, formal & informal “ Old” Institutionalist school Neo-classical Economics NIE
  • 7.
  • 8. NIE New Economic History (North, Fogel, Rutheford) Public Choice & Political Economy (Buchanan, Tullock, Olson, Bates) New Social Economics (Becker) Theory of Collective Action (Ostrom, Olson, Hardin) Transaction Costs Economics (Coase, North, Williamson) (Social Capital) (Putnam, Coleman) Property rights literature (Alchian, Demsetz) Economics of information (Akerlof, Stigler, Stiglitz) Law and Economics (Posner)
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14. How is transaction cost econ. relevant for IFPRI? Globalization & industrialization of world agriculture Market liberalization & government devolution Increasing reliance on vertical linkages, long-term contracts, and coordinated relationships
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26.
  • 27.
  • 28.
  • 29.
  • 30.
  • 31.
  • 32.
  • 33. NIE on Property Rights and (a bit) on relevant Legal Frameworks
  • 34.
  • 35.
  • 36.
  • 37.
  • 38.
  • 39.
  • 40.
  • 41.
  • 42.
  • 43.

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. For IPR -- Balancing incentives for innovation in ‘product’ development cycle with overpricing once product developed (besides defining “theoretical” incentives, big problems in empirical verification)
  2. Slide 2: Examples of definitions of Absolute PR’s: rights to use, manage, alienate, and contract over some “asset” (physical, intellectual, human)
  3. The “suppliers” of property rights may have different agendas other than maximizing ‘social’ welfare; or less cynically, may have difficulty in balancing conflicting interests. Forum shopping, other rent seeking activities; discontinuities etc. etc., mean that non-optimal institutions can persist for a very long time