IFAD and FAO Learning Event on GEF Rome, Italy - December 10-12, 2014

1. GEF-6 Strategic Programming Directions
FAO/IFAD Learning Event
December 2014
Rome

2. Summary
• Context for GEF-6 Programming
– Global environmental challenges
• GEF2020 Vision
– Focus on drivers and pressures
– Integrated approach
• Focal Area Strategies
– Objectives and Programs
– Links to MEAs/Conventions

3. CO2, N2O, CH4
concentrations
Overfishing
Land degradation
Loss of Biodiversity
Water Depletion
Unsustainable
consumption
The Planetary
Response to the
drivers of the
Anthropocene
1900 1950 2000
2010-2020
Global change
with multiple effects

4. Antrophocene – humans influence
the functioning of the Earth

5. Planetary Boundaries
Oxfam, 2012

6. Drivers and pressures
Changes in state
of environment
Atmosphere
(climate)
Biodiversity
Land
Oceans
Freshwater
Indirect
environmental
drivers
Demand for
food
production
Demand for
buildings
Demand for
energy
Demand for
transportation
Other
Direct
environmental
drivers
Agriculture
production
processes that
produce food
Provision/use of
transportation
Construction & use
of buildings & other
infrastructure
Production of
electricity
Other
Driver interventions Pressure interventions
Underlying
socioeconomic
trends
Population
growth
Rising middle
class
Urbanization
Environmental
pressures
Pollution e.g.,
GHG’s & ozone-depleting
substances
Change in
habitat and
species loss
Introduction of
invasive species
Over exploitation
and harvesting
Changes in human welfare
Other

7. Strategic targeting of drivers and pressures within
GEF interventions is needed to deliver global
environmental benefits at scale:
impacts what we do, who we work with, and how
One-off, sitew e do it.
specific
driver-based
intervention
One-off, site
specific,
pressure-based
intervention
Driver-based
interventio
n
at scale
Pressure-based
intervention
at scale

8. GEF2020 Strategy
A new strategy of the GEF to support transformational
change and achieve impacts at scale.
Outline of GEF2020 Strategy
• Focus on drivers of environmental degradation
• Deliver integrated solutions, given that many global
challenges are interlinked
• Forge close relationships with a variety of stakeholders
• Finance resilience and adaptation
• Ensure complementarity and synergies in climate finance

9. We must tackle both the drivers of environmental degradation and select
the right influencing models in order to have impact at scale
One-off, site specific
driver-based
intervention
One-off, site specific,
pressure-based
intervention
Driver-based
intervention
at scale
Pressure-based
intervention at scale
Address
drivers
Address
pressures
Do not achieve
scale
Achieve
scale
Choice of influencing model
Focus of
inter-vention

10. The causal chain of environmental change
Changes in state
of environment
Atmosphere
(climate)
Biodiversity
Land
Oceans
Freshwater
Cities
Indirect
environmental
drivers
Demand for
food
production
Demand for
buildings
Demand for
energy
Demand for
transportation
Other
Direct
environmental
drivers
Agriculture
production
processes that
produce food
Provision/use of
transportation
Construction & use
of buildings & other
infrastructure
Production of
electricity
Other
Driver interventions Pressure interventions
Underlying
socioeconomic
trends
Population
growth
Rising middle
class
Urbanization
Environmental
pressures
Pollution e.g.,
GHG’s & ozone-depleting
substances
Change in
habitat and
species loss
Introduction of
invasive species
Over exploitation
and harvesting
Changes in human welfare
Other

11. Integrated Thinking
• Drivers of environmental degradation are linked in
complex ways
• Single issue analysis leads to “silo” thinking - systems
analysis leads to integrated thinking
• Integrated thinking inspires creative and inclusive
solutions that deliver environmental benefits aligned
with GEF focal area objectives
• Examples: Water, Food & Energy Nexus; Urban
Environments

12. & Fuel Human Health
Natural Disasters
Cost of Water
Cost of Power
Biodiversity impacts Food prices
Water, Food, Energy Nexus
Availability of
Food
Availability, distribution, access and sustainability of
Water Food, energy and their resilience in the face of
climate change.
Objective 1: Promote
innovation &
technology transfer
LD 3: Integrated
Landscapes
SFM 1: To
maintain forest
resources
4.Water/Food/Energy/
Ecosystem Security
Nexus
9. Managing the Human-interface:
landscape/seascape
approach

13. Buildings
Land-Use Planning
Waste &
Water
Pollution and
Climate
Change
Transport Industry &
Jobs
Urban Environments
Bio-diversity
Urban environments are complex systems that touch our
lives and the environment across all focal areas. Use
integrated thinking for creative solutions.
Program 3:
Integrated low-carbon
urban
systems
5. Mainstreaming
SLM in
Development
Climate resilient
urban systems
6. Prevent the Loss
and Degradation of
Coastal Habitat
10. Integration of
biodiversity and
ecosystem services in
development

14. Biodiversity
Land
Degradation
Climate Change
Chemicals
International
Waters
Sustainable
Forest
Management
Sustainable
Cities
Food
Forests Security Fisheries
Focal
Area
Strategy
Delivery
SD Themes
Integrated
Approaches
Commodities Sub-Saharan
Africa FS
Cities

15. GEF-6 Focal Area Strategies
• Using integrated thinking, propose creative and
FA
MFA
FA FA
inclusive solutions
• Solutions should deliver
results that align with
GEF-6 focal area objectives
• Recognize the rise in MFA projects
• Single FA projects might
still be necessary in
specific contexts

16. GEF-6
Biodiversity
Strategy

17. Biodiversity Focal Area
GEF-6 Strategy
Goal: To maintain globally significant biodiversity and
the ecosystem goods and services that it provides to
society.
Objectives:
1. Improve sustainability of protected area systems.
2. Reduce threats to biodiversity.
3. Sustainably use biodiversity.
4. Mainstream conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity
into production landscapes/seascapes and sectors.

18. GEF-6 BD Objectives and Programs
Goal: To maintain globally significant biodiversity and the ecosystem goods and
10. Integration of biodiversity and
ecosystem services in development and
financial planning
services that it provides to society
BD1: Improve
Sustainability of
Protected Area
System
BD 2: Reduce
threats to
Globally
Significant
Biodiversity
BD4: Mainstreaming Biodiversity
Conservation and Sustainable
Use in Production Landscapes/
Seascapes and Sectors
1. Improving financial
sustainability and effective
management of national
ecological infrastructure
2 . Expanding the reach of
the global protected area
estate.
3. Preventing extinction
of known threatened
species
9. Managing the Human- interface:
landscape/seascape approach
4. Prevention, control,
and mgmt of Invasive
Alien Species.
5. Implementing the
Cartagena Protocol of
Biosafety
BD 3:
Sustainable Use
of Biodiversity
6. Ridge to Reef:
Maintaining integrity
and function of globally
significant coral reefs
7. Securing Agriculture’s
Future: Sustainable use
of plants and animals
genetic resources.
8. Implementing the
Nagoya Protocol on
Access and Benefit
Sharing.

20. Strategic Plan for Biodiversity, 2011-2020

21. Land Degradation Focal Area
Sustainable Land Management
“….a knowledge-based procedure that integrates land, water,
biodiversity, and environmental management to meet rising
food and fiber demands while sustaining livelihoods and the
environment ” (World Bank 2006).

22. Advancing SLM Implementation
Living sand barrier
Contour Terraces
Forest Landscape
Restoration
Pastoral and Rangeland
Management
Agroforestry
Grazing
Management
IEM approaches

23. Drylands of the World
Source: UNEP/GRID-Arendal Maps and Graphics Library (http://www.wri.org/publication/content/8236)
Arid Semi-arid Sub-humid GEF Projects focusing on SLM

24. GEF-6 LD Objectives and Programs
Goal: To arrest or reverse land degradation (desertification and deforestation)
LD 1: Agriculture
and Rangeland
Systems
LD 2: Forest
Landscapes
LD 4: Institutional and
Policy Frameworks
1. Agro-ecological
Intensification – efficient
use of natural capital (land,
soil, water, and vegetation)
in crop and livestock
production systems
2. SLM in Climate-Smart
Agriculture – innovative
practices for increasing
vegetative cover and soil
organic carbon
3. Landscape
Management and
Restoration –
community and
livelihood-based
options for increasing
forest and tree cover
5. Mainstreaming SLM in
Development – influencing
institutions, policies, and
governance frameworks for SLM
LD 3: Integrated
Landscapes
4. Scaling-up SLM –
moving appropriate
interventions to scale
for crop and rangeland
productivity

25. GEF-6 and UNCCD Ten-Year Strategy
The GEF is a Financial Mechanism of the UNCCD

26. International Waters

27. Transboundary Water Systems of the Earth
Data sources: IGRAC 2012 for aquifers, Transboundary Waters Assessment Program Lakes Group, Natural earth data
for rivers, NOAA for large marine ecosystems

28. GEF IW investments through series of interventions
Delivering GEF International Waters
Global Environment Benefits
Transformational
Change
Strengthening Legal and
Institutional Frameworks
Foundational Capacity
Building/Enabling Environment,
Basic Policy and Cooperation
Frameworks
Full-scale
SAP Implementation

29. GEF-6 IW Strategy
Goal: To promote collective management of transboundary water systems and
implementation of the full range of policy, legal and institutional reforms and
investments contributing to sustainable use and maintenance of ecosystem services
Objective 1: Catalyze
Sustainable Management of
Transboundary Waters
Objective 2: Balancing
Competing Water-uses in
the Management of
Transboundary Surface and
Groundwater
Objective 3: Rebuilding Marine
Fisheries, Restore and Protect
Coastal Habitats, and Reduce
Pollution of Coasts and LMEs
1 Foster Cooperation for
Sustainable Use of Trans-boundary
Water Systems &
Economic Growth
2 Increase Resilience & Flow
of Ecosystems Services in
Context of Melting High
Altitude Glaciers
3 Advance Conjunctive
Management of Surface &
Groundwater Systems
4 Water/Food/Energy/
Ecosystem Security Nexus
5 Reduce Ocean Hypoxia
6 Prevent the Loss and
Degradation of Coastal Habitat
7 Foster Sustainable Fisheries

30. Benefit sharing across borders –
Nexus as driver for cooperation
www.thegef.org