Sussex Development Lecture, Salil Shetty: Why economic, social and cultural rights are central to development

1. Informal settlements in Egypt A view over the roofs of Ezbet Al-Haggana slum, Egypt, 2008. While official numbers vary, an estimated 12.2 million people live in 870 informal settlements across Egypt, over half of them in 156 settlements in the Greater Cairo region

2. Egypt slums and forced evictions A hillside in Establ Antar, Egypt, 5 August 2009, the piles of rubble in the centre of the image and on the cliff edge are all that remain of homes that authorities demolished, the remaining residents fear that their homes might be next.

3. Cambodia Forced evictions Without warning bulldozers and police entered the Dey Krahorm community in Phnom Penh early in the morning on Saturday, January 24 January 2009.

4. Cambodia Forced evictions Families collect their belongings after the forced eviction of 400 families from Dey Kraham in central Phnom Penh, Cambodia, on 24 January 2009. An estimated 250 security forces and hired demolition workers evicted the families, the majority of whom were made homeless.

5. Kenya Forced evictions A man in his eighties surveys the wreckage of his home and business following forced evictions at Waruku settlement, Nairobi, Kenya, August 2009.

6. Serbia Forced evictions Forced eviction of Roma families, 15 Vojvodjanska Street, Belgrade, Serbia, 7 October 2010.

7. Lack of adequate sanitation leaves women at risk of violence in Kenya Three in every four households do not have a toilet in or near their homes. Most women use public pit latrines as toilets, which are normally poorly maintained and the pay per use charge is often beyond their means. To attempt to use a toilet at night is to risk assault and rape.

8. Kenya Sanitation A child sits outside a privately run toilet, that charges 3 shillings per use, built above the drain that runs along the side of the road in Mathare, Kenya, February 2009. Some of the residents in this area are facing eviction due to the widening of the road and the proposed river evictions.

9. Peru Maternal Mortality Action in Lima Peru, Amnesty International protest at the failure of the government to address preventable maternal mortality as part of the Maternal Mortality campaign 2009.

10. Burkina Faso Maternal Mortality Rasmata, 25 with her newborn baby at Yalgado Hospital, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, June 2009. The government’s policy to provide subsidized health care for pregnant women has been undermined by illegal charges imposed by hospitals.

11. Segregation of Roma children in schools for children with “mild” mental disability in Czech Republic Romani girls dancing during rehearsals for celebration of International Roma Day at a segregated Roma only school in Ostrava, Czech Republic, 6 April 2009.

12. Discrimination against Roma communities in Italy A Roma settlement in Sesto San Giovanni near Milan, 3 March 2009. Romani communities and settlements in Italy have been subjected to ongoing discrimination.

13. Campaigning against discrimination against Roma communities in Italy 18 September 2010, Piazza Santa Maria in Trastevere, Rome, Italy

14. Don’t mine us out of existence: Bauxite mine and refinery devastate lives in India Amnesty International UK activists wearing aluminium foil masks at an AI UK action outside the offices of Vedanta Resources in London, 9 February 2010.

15. Communities protesting against plans to mine the Niyamgiri Hills Kondh villagers stand next to the makeshift gate that they have set up to stop Vedanta officials from accessing the proposed mining area, Lanjigarh, Orissa, India, June 2008.

16. Shell In Nigeria Shell’s first commercial oil well, which opened in 1956 at Oloibiri, Bayelsa State, Nigeria 5 February 2008

17. Shell in Nigeria A man in a Shell boilersuit and a woman standing near an oil polluted site at Iwhrekan, Delta State, Nigeria 25 February 2008.