Applications of genomics and proteomics ppt
genomics and proteomics ppt
in the field of health genomics and proteomics ppt
oncology ppt
biomedical application of genomics and proteomics ppt
agriculture application of genomics and proteomics ppt
proteomics in agriculture ppt
diagnosis of infectious disease ppt
personalized medicine ppt
2. INTRODUCTION
GENOMICS:
• Genomics is the field of genetics that attempts to
understand the content, organization, function, and
evolution of genetic information contained in whole
genome.
• PROTEOMICS:
• The study of the structure and function of proteins,
including the way they work and interact with each other
inside the cells.
4. IN FIELD OF HEALTH
• ONCOLOGY
• Study of tumor cells is known as oncology.
• Proteomic technologies have been used for
the study of biology of cancer of various
organs .
5. Example:
Blood proteins to detect brain tumor:
• Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a fast
growing , high grade brain tumor.
.
• Glioma brain tumors are caused due to an
uncontrolled increase in certain cells known
as glial cells.
6. CONTINUED…
• It is possible to detect GBM by analysis of proteins
in the blood serum.
• Using proteins to detect diseases is part of
proteomics.
• Researches found almost 55 differently expressed
proteins in GBM patients. Of these, 4 proteins are
more important because of their contribution to
tumor gr0wth.
7. Bio-medical applications
• The study of interactions between microbial pathogens
and their hosts is called infect omics.
• It is very interesting area in proteomics. It deals with the
fundamentals of the infections origin and their effect on
organs.
• The main aim of this research is to prevent or cure
disease at starting level.
8. Agricultural applications
• Genomics can reduce the trials and failures
involved in scientific research , which could
improve the quality and quantity of crop yields
in agriculture.
• Linking traits to genes or gene signatures helps
to improve crop breeding to generate hybrids
with the most desirable qualities.
9. Cont…..
• Genomics can improve the quality and quantity of
agricultural production.
• For example, scientist could use desirable traits to
create a useful product or enhance an existing
product, such making a drought-sensitive crop more
tolerant of the dry season.
10. Proteomics in agriculture
• Proteomics is used to know plant-insect interactions
that help identify candidate genes involved in the
defensive response of plants to herbivore.
11. FORENSIC ANALYSIS
• Information and clues obtained from DNA samples
found at crime sites have been used as evidence in
court cases, and genetic markers have been used in
forensic analysis.
12. Diagnosis of infectious diseases
• Sequencing the genomes of microorganisms which cause human
infection can identify the exact organism causing symptoms, help
to trace the cause of infectious outbreaks, and give information
as to which antibiotics are most likely to be effective in treatment.
13. Genomics in microbial vaccine
development
• Vaccination is one of the most effective tools for the
prevention of infectious diseases.
• The availability of complete genome sequences,
together with the progression of high-throughput
technologies such as functional and structural
genomics, has led to a new paradigm in vaccine
development.
14. Personalized medicines
• As the exact DNA sequence of the genome of each
human is unique to them, we will all have unique
disease susceptibilities and treatment responses.
• Personalised medicine describes the use of our
genetic information to tailor health care intervention
to our own individual need.
15. Pharmacogenetics and targeted therapy
• Genetics information may be used to predict whether a person
will respond to a particular drug, how well they will respond to
that drug and whether they are likely to get any side effects from
the use of a specific drug.
• In some cases, such as cancer, the genetic drivers of disease and
then give drugs which specifically target that pathway, this is
known as targeted therapy.
16. Gene therapy
• Gene therapy involves the administration of DNA or
RNA in order to correct a genetic abnormality , or
modify the expression of genes.
• Genome editing:
• Genome editing uses molecular techniques to modify the
genome –genome editing can add in, cut out, or replace
sections of the DNA sequence.
