What a Difference a Place Makes
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Place matters for health! A growing body of research over the last several decades has shown the connections between place and health. From obesity and chronic disease to depression, social isolation, or increased exposure to environmental toxins and pollutants, a person’s zip code can be a more reliable determinant of health than their genetic code. In 2016, Project for Public Spaces compiled a report of peer-reviewed research that found key factors linking pubic spaces and peoples’ health. And public spaces are more than just parks and plazas – our streets represent the largest area of public space a community has! This webinar will introduce participants to the placemaking process, the research behind the findings linking place and health, and how to envision streets as places – not just their function in transporting people and goods, but the vital role they play in animating the social and economic life of communities.
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What a Difference a Place Makes
- 1. Place matters for health! WHAT A DIFFERENCE A PLACE MAKES April 20, 2018
- 2. THAIS REIS-HENRIE Project & Research Associate Project for Public Spaces treis-henrie@pps.org LAURA TORCHIO Deputy Director Transportation Project for Public Spaces ltorchio@pps.org
- 3. 46 countries, 6 continents, 50 US states, 7 Canadian provinces, 1000 cities, 3,000 communities Helping people create and sustain public spaces that build stronger communities.
- 4. WHAT IS PLACEMAKING? Placemaking is a collaborative process of people coming together to reimagine and reinvent public spaces.
- 5. BENEFITS of GREAT PLACES • Comfort • Access • Economic • Social • Healthy • Community
- 6. PROMOTES SENSE OF COMFORT
- 8. BUILDS & SUPPORTS THE LOCAL ECONOMY
- 10. PROMOTES HEALTH
- 11. NURTURES & DEFINES SENSE OF COMMUNITY
- 12. Inhospitable LINKING PLACE & HEALTH How have we been designing our places?
- 13. Unconnected LINKING PLACE & HEALTH How have we been designing our places?
- 14. Unhealthy LINKING PLACE & HEALTH How have we been designing our places?
- 15. Isolated LINKING PLACE & HEALTH How have we been designing our places?
- 16. Ironic LINKING PLACE & HEALTH How have we been designing our places?
- 17. LINKING PLACE & HEALTH we can make healthy options the default!
- 19. 5 KEY FACTORS
- 20. WHAT MAKES A HEALTHY PLACE? • Walkable & Bikable Streets • Parks and Squares • Farmers Markets • Community Gardens • Livelier Public Realm • Sense of Belonging • Mental Health What we found:
- 21. How do we encourage more social interaction and connectedness in our communities?
- 23. How do we help people play more and stay active?
- 25. How do we support more interaction with green and natural environments?
- 27. How can healthy foods help improve the health of a community?
- 29. How can we encourage more walking and biking?
- 31. Suddenly I See Streets as PLACES!
- 32. TYPOLOGIES •Main Streets •Avenues & Boulevards •Thoroughfares •Transit Corridors STREETS AS PLACES TIPS FOR EVERY TYPE PLACEMAKING •Attractions & Destinations •Identity & Image •Active Edge Uses •Amenities •Management •Intrigue, Uncertainty, Humor •Flexibility
- 33. A Variety of Street Types in every Street Network Pedestrian- Oriented Auto-Oriented Parkwa y Avenu e Boulevar dLocal Streets Main Street Avenu e Local Street Boulevar d Transit Corridor Downtown Thoroughfare STREETS AS PLACES STREET TYPOLOGY
- 34. NEIGHBORHOOD STREET NEIGHBORHOOD ST / BIKE BLVD LANE DESTINATION STREET SUPPORT STREET MEW ALLEY COMMERCIAL AVENUE AVENUE BOULEVARD COMMERCIAL BOULEVARD RURAL HIGHWAY RURAL DRIVE INDUSTRIAL ACCESS ROAD PATH TYPES USES
- 35. ATTRACTIONS & DESTINATIONS • Attract diverse users • Provide a rich variety of things to do • Cluster activities (triangulate)
- 36. IDENTITY & IMAGE (AUTHENTICITY) • Showcase local assets to create a distinct sense of place • Businesses, pedestrians and drivers raise their behavior (conform, respect) to this vision
- 37. ACTIVE EDGE USES • Sense of Enclosure • Ground Level Transparency • Physical Connections
- 38. AMENITIES • Public and private seating options • Triangulate to support use – cluster sidewalk elements like benches, waste baskets, planters, lampposts, cafes PROJECT FOR PUBLIC SPACES
- 40. MANAGEMENT • Maintenance and security • Programming – daily activity generators and cultural, civic events PROJECT FOR PUBLIC SPACES
- 41. FLEXIBILITY • Prioritize People space • Street design can respond to community use PROJECT FOR PUBLIC SPACES
- 42. People for Bikes: Quick Builds for Better Streets LQC SPECTRUM OF CHANGE
- 43. What programs and activities can happen on streets to improve people’s health?
- 44. Anything!
- 45. And anything else you can fit in a parking space, in a street plaza, or on a wider sidewalk
- 46. PROJECT FOR PUBLIC SPACES When you design you community around cars and traffic … you get more cars and traffic.
- 47. When you design your community around people and places… You get people and places.
- 48. HOW?
- 49. From what we’ve learned to live with… … to how we want to
- 51. • In your work, what is the greatest roadblock in moving from ideation to implementation? • As a city employee, how can citizens most effectively communicate with you? • What lessons have you learned from your failures? • What members of your community are most engaged in advocacy and activism for better streets?
- 52. A Common Language Leveraging Constituents Communication The Role of the Expert Talking with Local Officials Building and Sustaining a Movement Involving Schools
- 61. firsthill.org
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Place matters for health! A growing body of research over the last several decades has shown the connections between place and health. From obesity and chronic disease to depression, social isolation, or increased exposure to environmental toxins and pollutants, a person’s zip code can be a more reliable determinant of health than their genetic code. In 2016, Project for Public Spaces compiled a report of peer-reviewed research that found key factors linking pubic spaces and peoples’ health. And public spaces are more than just parks and plazas – our streets represent the largest area of public space a community has! This webinar will introduce participants to the placemaking process, the research behind the findings linking place and health, and how to envision streets as places – not just their function in transporting people and goods, but the vital role they play in animating the social and economic life of communities. Learning Objectives an understanding of why placemaking is critical to health creative tools for place-led, community-driven action, and tactics to secure partners, sponsors, and community champions Common Questions Are you an active member of your community trying to improve streets for people? Does your community have more “through” streets than “to” streets? How do we encourage more social interaction and connectedness in our communities? How can we encourage more walking and biking?
- OK – so now I wear the PPS Hat. Project for Public Spaces (PPS) is a nonprofit organization dedicated to helping people create and sustain public spaces that build stronger communities. Our pioneering Placemaking approach helps citizens transform their public spaces – and we’ve been doing it all over the world for over 40 years. Squares, Parks, Public Buildings, Downtowns, Campuses, Waterfronts, Public Markets & Transportation
- It’s about the EXPERIENCES you have in a space - or in creating the place – that give it MEANING
- There are lots of benefits of great places A Great Place…
- Last one
- LINKING PLACE & HEALTH A growing body of research over the last several decades has shown the connections between place and health How have we been designing our places? Roads you can’t cross Neighborhoods w/o connections Plenty of unhealthy food choices Social isolation, esp for vulnerable members of our communities, like seniors And we’re designing routine physical activity out our lives, even in places you’d least expect that to be the case From obesity and chronic disease to depression, social isolation, or increased exposure to environmental toxins and pollutants, a person’s zip code can be a more reliable determinant of health than their genetic code
- So how can PLACEMAKING help to make the healthy choice the easy choice?
- What PPS is doing? In 2016, PPS compiled a report of peer-reviewed research that link place and health. The Case for Healthy Places: Improving Health Outcomes Through Placemaking Funded by Kaiser Permanente & Robert M. Bass Foundation This report offers evidence-based guidance, recommendations, and numerous case studies to which health institutions, community organizations, and other partners can refer in order to create places that support health and well-being.
- In the Case for Healthy Places Report The compiled research revealed 5 factors key to creating public spaces that can help improve peoples’ health Each Chapter cites the research linking place and health, offers case studies and examples, ID’s areas of potential further research, and steps for Taking Action. *****
- FINDINGS The process of PLACEMAKING (Iterative) Vision Engagement Dedicate Resources Tracking Results results in more walkable and bikeable streets, actively used parks and squares, farmers markets and community gardens that provide fresh food and employment opportunities, and a livelier public realm at large that helps foster healthier lifestyles The “MAKING” of places also builds a sense of belonging that improves mental health, and increases our capacity to address collective challenges. For EXAMPLE…
- Social Support & Interaction Your understanding of the world changes when you find a place where you belong and feel valued. When you positively and regularly connect with neighbors, family, and friends, you feel a sense of belonging and you create social ties that are available to help you through both the good and the bad times. How do we encourage more social interaction and connectedness in our communities?
- Social Support & Interaction We envision and build public and common spaces that create opportunities for people to gather, to socialize, to discuss big ideas, and to come together to address community issues. When you are socially and emotionally connected to others in your community, you feel safer, crime goes down, and you are more likely to feel positive rather than negative stress.
- Play and Active Recreation Local parks and play areas contribute to developing social support and offer opportunities to interact. They also provide a setting that helps you stay active and fit. How do we help people play more and stay active?
- Play and Active Recreation We develop unique parks and recreation systems and provide high quality programming that helps people learn to take full advantage of all that those systems have to offer. When you have the opportunity to continue to play throughout your life and stay active, you have a better chance of avoiding many health concerns. New York Playground Program, NY, NY A program created to address unequal access to outdoor play areas across New York City Neighborhoods of varying income levels.
- Green & Natural Environments Connecting with nature changes everything. And you don’t have to be completely immersed in the forest to gain the benefits. How do we support more interaction with green and natural environments?
- Green & Natural Environments We work in communities to find unique ways to bring nature back into urban spaces. Community parks, roof-top farms, water conservation gardens, natural play spaces, all help enhance our mind and memory functions, improve our water quality, feel a sense of place, and can minimize stress and anxiety levels. Avers Community Garden, North Lawndale, Chicago, IL A neighborhood collective transformed an empty lot into a community garden that has become a center of youth activity.
- Healthy Food Our food system offers many different opportunities for community transformation. Local food production can introduce a new economic model into a neighborhood, and making fresh and affordable food available improves diets and reduces health concerns. How can healthy foods help improve the health of a community?
- Healthy Food We create a local food system that ensures the availability of more high quality foods, that generates entrepreneurship, and that supports environmental sustainability. Combined, these opportunities positively impact our health and wellbeing in many different ways. Flint Farmers Market, Flint, MI Relocating a public market downtown improves food access and health-related investment.
- Walking & Biking Walking and biking are healthier for both people and the environment! Developing community destinations where walking and biking become an easier option than jumping in a car and driving from place to place reshape transportation decision-making for everyone. How can we encourage more walking and biking?
- We create destinations for people to walk and bike to in addition to the recreational greenways, and we introduce safety features and traffic calming design to improve the safety and aesthetic of streets. Guerrero Street, San Francisco, CA A group of neighborhood activists came together to create a safer, healthier, pedestrian friendly street.
- Our streets make up 70 – 80% of our public space Link Place and Health to SAP and Health
- Tips for every type Dial up the placemaking - more or less - where it makes sense – depending on CONTEXT
- Comfortable for All Users Is Not the Same as Space for All Users on Every Street There are a VARIETY of Complete Street Types in every Street Network Context! Context! Context!
- Each type conforms to the uses And vice versa
- Dial in the Placemaking Attractions and Destinations Identity & Image Active Edge Uses Amenities Management Flexibility Intrigue, Uncertainty, Humor Any great square has a variety of smaller “places” within it to appeal to various people. These can include outdoor cafés, fountains, sculpture, or a band shell for performances. These attractions don’t need to be big to make the public space a success. In fact, some of the best civic squares have numerous small attractions such as a vendor cart or playground that, when put together, draw people throughout the day. We often use the idea of “The Power of 10” to set goals for destinations within public spaces. Creating ten good places, each with ten things to do, offers a full program for a successful public space.
- Then layer in these things; Attractions and Destinations Identity & Image Active Edge Uses Amenities Management Flexibility Intrigue, Uncertainty, Humor Historically, public spaces like squares were the center of communities, and they traditionally helped shape the identity of entire cities. Sometimes a fountain was used to give the square a strong image: Think of the majestic Trevi Fountain in Rome or the Swann Fountain in Philadelphia’s Logan Circle. The image of many public spaces was closely tied to the great civic buildings located nearby, such as cathedrals, city halls, or libraries. Today, creating a public space that becomes the most significant place in a city is a worthwhile challenge.
- Then layer in these things; Attractions and Destinations Identity & Image Active Edge Uses Amenities Management Flexibility Intrigue, Uncertainty, Humor
- Then layer in these things; Attractions and Destinations Identity & Image Active Edge Uses Amenities Management Flexibility Intrigue, Uncertainty, Humor
- Then layer in these things; Attractions and Destinations Identity & Image Active Edge Uses Amenities Management Flexibility Intrigue, Uncertainty, Humor Eng-wich Anyone ever hear of David Engwicht? Wrote a book called Mental Speed Bumps: The Smarter Way to Tame Traffic And the three mental speedbumps are Intrigue, Uncertainty, Humor What are some ways we can use creative placemaking to create intrigue, uncerrtainty, and humor in our communities – including our streets? He had a gold suitcase containing a throne, robes, and other flair And he’d travel around the world and set it up in famous places and take photos of how people reacted. Everywhere he went people approached him, asked to have their photos taken, and even wanted to put on the royal robes. He believed that by creating intrigue, uncertainty, and humor in public places, they act as a mental speed bump and get us to slow down and notice – maybe even have memorable experiences that are potentially transformative.
- Then layer in these things; Attractions and Destinations Identity & Image Active Edge Uses Amenities Management Flexibility Intrigue, Uncertainty, Humor A Sticky Street is one where people like to hang out Complete Streets Help to Create “Sticky” Streets by Layering Uses and Activities …so people want to hang out there • Temporary or permanent • Seasonal • Daytime or evening • Young and old
- Then layer in these things; Attractions and Destinations Identity & Image Active Edge Uses Amenities Management Flexibility – prioritize people space Intrigue, Uncertainty, Humor
- And like all things, Short-term experiments fall within a spectrum. From a 1-day domonstration To a PILOT project – a month, a season, a year To Interim Design – still temporary but fully designes To Permanent installation – Yay! Protected bike lanes! ***** Start with a Demonstration. Spend a day or a weekend, or even a month with a temporary change to the infrastructure. (Like a bike lane or curb extensions, or a mini roundabout. – usually with cones, flowers, hay bales, etc.) Quick Build - the Pilot Projects and Interim Designs – longer-term, semi-permanent designs – might be paint and flexible bollards – something that is engineered and can remain for a year or so. **Use this time to test connections, public support/use, political will Finally – allocate capital dollars – Install permanent infrastructure.
- So what can you do on streets to improve people’s health?
- Really, anything! Anything that you can have happen in a park, or a square, even much of what can happen indoors to promote healthy lifestyles, can happen on the street. And what’s the advantage of that? Well, beyond creating more space for healthy activities, and space that is either free or low cost, having healthy activities like fitness or gardening or markets happen on the street is a great way to celebrate and publicize them – because they’re so visible to other people.
- There are a lot of possibilities!
- if you plan for cars and traffic, you will get cars and traffic.
- If you plan for people and places, you will get people and places.
- Add Thais’ slides here
- This is a quote we think and talk about a lot in our work. How do we go from what we’ve learned to live with to how we want to live? How do we change our view of what is possible, and build a movement around a more wholistic, people- firstvision?
- We interviewed a range of people including advocates, transportation engineers, municipal employees and urban planners. In a few cases we were even lucky enough to speak to a community advocate and a municipal engineer or a municipal engineer and their outside expert contractors. We tried to talk to people in cities ranging from progressive to conservative, from large to small. Some cities included were Pittsburgh, PA, Modesto, CA, Orlando, FL
- Enter the Streets as Places Action Pack
- “Not Copenhagen”
- Resources PPS H&Wellbeing section of the website PPS.ORG Download the Healthy Places report and other resources linking place and health.
- RESOURCES Community Builders – all the Hailey Stuff – blog, report, visualization, video Project for Public Spaces – everything Placemaking and Streets as Places
- Thank you