Biology notes for Chapter 9: Cell Respiration. Includes sections 1 & 2.

4. Figure 9–2 Cellular Respiration: An Overview Glucose Glycolysis Cytoplasm Pyruvic acid Electrons carried in NADH Krebs Cycle Electrons carried in NADH and FADH 2 Electron Transport Chain Mitochondrion Mitochondrion Section 9-1

6. Chemical Pathways Glucose Glycolysis Krebs cycle Electron transport Fermentation (without oxygen) Alcohol or lactic acid Section 9-1

8. Figure 9–3 Glycolysis Glucose To the electron transport chain Section 9-1 2 Pyruvic acid

9. Figure 9–3 Glycolysis Glucose To the electron transport chain Section 9-1 2 Pyruvic acid

10. Figure 9–3 Glycolysis Glucose To the electron transport chain Section 9-1 2 Pyruvic acid

12. Figure 9–4 Lactic Acid Fermentation Glucose Pyruvic acid Lactic acid Section 9-1

13. Figure 9–4 Lactic Acid Fermentation Glucose Pyruvic acid Lactic acid Section 9-1

14. Figure 9–4 Lactic Acid Fermentation Glucose Pyruvic acid Lactic acid Section 9-1

18. Flowchart Section 9-2 Glucose (C 6 H 12 0 6 ) + Oxygen (0 2 ) Glycolysis Krebs Cycle Electron Transport Chain Carbon Dioxide (CO 2 ) + Water (H 2 O) Cellular Respiration

21. Figure 9–6 The Krebs Cycle Citric Acid Production Section 9-2 Mitochondrion

22. Figure 9–6 The Krebs Cycle Citric Acid Production Section 9-2 Mitochondrion

24. Figure 9–7 Electron Transport Chain Section 9-2 Electron Transport Hydrogen Ion Movement ATP Production ATP synthase Channel Inner Membrane Matrix Intermembrane Space Mitochondrion

35. Section 1 Answers Interest Grabber Answers 1. How does your body feel at the start of exercise, such as a long, slow run? How do you feel 1 minute into the run; 10 minutes into the run? Students may answer that they feel no fatigue at the start of a run; however, after 1 minute and more so after 10 minutes, they are breathing hard, their heart rate has increased significantly, and their muscles may hurt. 2. What do you think is happening in your cells to cause the changes in how you feel? Students may say that the increase in heart rate and breathing rate are a response that gets extra oxygen to the cells. The pain may be attributed to the cells becoming fatigued. 3. Think about running as fast as you can for 100 meters. Could you keep up this pace for a much longer distance? Explain your answer. Students may know that very high levels of performance can be sustained only very briefly even among the best of athletes. Students may say that the body runs out of readily available energy, food, or oxygen, or that the body builds up too many waste products in the cells.