Intergrated Science is a new hands-on program developed in-house by CPO Science Note to presenter: This follows Investigation 4.2 Materials: Students work in groups of three to four at tables. Each group should have: Lever with carriage bolt and black knob 4 Lever strings Physics stand Weight set
These are the key questions for our investigation. Key questions challenge students to explore the parts of a lever system and how the lever works. By using the equipment and experimenting, students get a first hand feel for the scientific process as they develop ideas and test their hypothesis.
The Lever is a simple machine. A simple machine is a device that has an input and output force. The Fulcrum is the point around which the lever rotates, and is pretty much synonymous with levers. It was Aristotle that said “ Give me a lever and a fulcrum and I shall move the Earth.” The lever pictured is only one kind of lever. There are a total of 3 “classes” of levers. This one is of class One, because the fulcrum is in between the input and output forces. We find examples of all three classes of levers everywhere.
Examples of three kinds of levers. The pair of pliers is a first class lever because the fulcrum is between the forces. The wheelbarrow is a second class lever because the output force is between the fulcrum and input force. Human arms and legs are all examples of third class levers because the input forces (muscles) are always between the fulcrum (a joint) and the output force (what you accomplish with your feet or hands )
This is Investigation 4.2. You can use your handout/Investigation Manual to follow along . The CPO lever is a first class lever. The first thing to do is put two weights on the lever to get it to balance. Notice that you can attach the weights at different places on the lever. The weights are easily attached by slipping a loop of yellow string through the hole in the weight and threading one side of the string through the other. Most people will realize quickly that the two weights must be placed equal distances from the fulcrum.
First of all, we don’t have equal #s of weights on each side. Second of all they are at different distances from the fulcrum. Yet the lever balances, or more scientifically, it is in Equilibrium. How could this be? What factors, or variables could be changed to reach equilibrium?
Initially, the terminology of Input vs. Output can be a bit confusing, but here’s the deal- the side you first put weight on will be the Input side, and the side to which you must add weight to balance the Lever will be the Output side. We’re going to assume each individual weight has the same mass, and therefore weighs the same. Therefore, we can easily refer to the Input and Output forces in terms of the # of weights, like 1, 2, or 3 weights. Since each weight must be hung at a particular hanging spot on the lever, and the distance away from the fulcrum is marked right on the hook, figuring out the lengths of the Input and Output arms is simple. Whatever the number on the hook from which you are hanging weight, that is the length of that particular arm.
Investigation 5.1 The Lever - Its easy to balance 2 weights on the lever, that comes natural to us. But what about when there are more than 2? For this investigation we are going to balance 2,3,4 or even 5 weights. We are also going to try to use more than just one location on each side of the fulcrum. Try to use two or even three. From the example in the slide, you can see there are many ways to get the lever to balance. Challenge yourself to find four different balancing situations and record them on the chart. The ones on there now are merely examples and they are not allowed to be used. SORRY!
Investigation 5.1 The Lever - Its easy to balance 2 weights on the lever, that comes natural to us. But what about when there are more than 2? For this investigation we are going to balance 2,3,4 or even 5 weights. We are also going to try to use more than just one location on each side of the fulcrum. Try to use two or even three. From the example in the slide, you can see there are many ways to get the lever to balance. Challenge yourself to find four different balancing situations and record them on the chart. The ones on there now are merely examples and they are not allowed to be used. SORRY!
Investigation 5.1 The Lever - Its easy to balance 2 weights on the lever, that comes natural to us. But what about when there are more than 2? For this investigation we are going to balance 2,3,4 or even 5 weights. We are also going to try to use more than just one location on each side of the fulcrum. Try to use two or even three. From the example in the slide, you can see there are many ways to get the lever to balance. Challenge yourself to find four different balancing situations and record them on the chart. The ones on there now are merely examples and they are not allowed to be used. SORRY!
Investigation 5.1 The Lever - Its easy to balance 2 weights on the lever, that comes natural to us. But what about when there are more than 2? For this investigation we are going to balance 2,3,4 or even 5 weights. We are also going to try to use more than just one location on each side of the fulcrum. Try to use two or even three. From the example in the slide, you can see there are many ways to get the lever to balance. Challenge yourself to find four different balancing situations and record them on the chart. The ones on there now are merely examples and they are not allowed to be used. SORRY!
Investigation 5.1 The Lever - Its easy to balance 2 weights on the lever, that comes natural to us. But what about when there are more than 2? For this investigation we are going to balance 2,3,4 or even 5 weights. We are also going to try to use more than just one location on each side of the fulcrum. Try to use two or even three. From the example in the slide, you can see there are many ways to get the lever to balance. Challenge yourself to find four different balancing situations and record them on the chart. The ones on there now are merely examples and they are not allowed to be used. SORRY!