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IBM Design Thinking
IBM Design
Hen Shkedi
What is design for IBM?
IBM Design
IBM Design
— Don Norman
“Designers… don’t try to search
for a solution until they have
determined the real problem,
and even then, instead of solving
that problem, they stop to consider
a wide range of potential solutions.
Only then will they finally converge
upon their proposal. This process
is called ‘design thinking.’”
IBM Design
“Designers… don’t try to search
for a solution until they have
determined the real problem,
and even then, instead of solving
that problem, they stop to consider
a wide range of potential solutions.
Only then will they finally converge
upon their proposal. This process
is called ‘design thinking.’”
— Don Norman
IBM Design
“Designers… don’t try to search
for a solution until they have
determined the real problem,
and even then, instead of solving
that problem, they stop to consider
a wide range of potential solutions.
Only then will they finally converge
upon their proposal. This process
is called ‘design thinking.’”
— Don Norman
IBM Design
“Good design is about
recognizing that the
person on the other end
has a lot less patience
than you do.”
— Jason Fried, Basecamp
IBM Design
Design
IBM Design
“There’s one key to
our future growth:
the client experience.”
— Ginni Rometty
IBM Design
User-centered
Product Development
Seat
Wheels
Chain
Pedals
Brakes
Handlebar
Frame
Let’s consider the human experience…
11% 32% 36%
But work still often looks like this…
But, it could look and work like this…
IBM Design :: ©2014 IBM Corporation
Or, this…
So, how do we do it?
Introducing
IBM design thinking
IBM Design
IBM Design Thinking is a framework for
delivering great user experiences
to our clients.
Product
Management
Design Engineering
Radical collaboration
IBM Design
Prototype
Evaluate
Understand
Explore
Design thinking is an approach to problem solving.
Deeply understand the real problems
for users in your market
Prototype
EvaluateExplore
The basic design thinking approach
Understand
IBM Design
As-is scenarioEmpathy Map Stakeholder Mappersonas
Generate and explore many possible solutions
Prototype
Evaluate
Understand
Explore
The basic design thinking approach
IBM Design
StoryboardTo-be scenarios
Make those ideas tangible with prototypes
Evaluate
Understand
Explore
Prototype
The basic design thinking approach
IBM DesignIBM Design :: IBM Confidential :: ©2013 IBM CorporationIBM Design :: IBM Confidential :: ©2013 IBM Corporation
Why Prototype?
3
4
Empathy Testing
Deciding Participation
Evaluate your ideas with users and
converge on the best one(s)
PrototypeUnderstand
Explore Evaluate
The basic design thinking approach
IBM Design
From User Insights to Decision Making
3
6
Prototype Evaluate
User
Insights
Design Decisions
IBM Design
Prototype
Evaluate
Understand
Explore
Sponsor UsersHills
Playbacks
IBM Design
Prototype
Evaluate
Understand
Explore
Sponsor Users
Playbacks
Hills
— Yogi Berra
“If you don’t know where you’re going,
you might not get there.”
IBM Design
A Hill is a well-defined objective that enables you to focus
and know when you’re done
4
0
‣Who?
For a user or specific classes of users
‣What?
Delivers easily understandable value
directly to those users
‣Wow!
Testable outcome that can be achieved
within a defined delivery context (time
and resources)
<persona name> or <class of
users>
can <achieve something of value>
with/without/in/etc. <metric(s)>
Recommended format
IBM Design
Hills should be easy to
remember
4
1
IBM Design
Hills provide “rails” to keep you
focused
4
2
IBM Design
Prototype
Evaluate
Understand
Explore
Hills
Playbacks
Sponsor Users
IBM DesignIBM Design :: IBM Confidential :: ©2013 IBM Corporation
Sponsor Users
4
4
Sponsor Users bring your team deep
domain expertise around edge-case usage
Sponsor Users Field research and personas
IBM Design
Prototype
Evaluate
Understand
Explore
Sponsor UsersHills
Playbacks
IBM DesignIBM Design :: IBM Confidential :: ©2013 IBM CorporationIBM Design :: IBM Confidential :: ©2013 IBM CorporationIBM Design :: IBM Confidential :: ©2013 IBM Corporation
Playbacks
4
6
Hills Playback Playback 0 Delivery Playbacks
The story evolves across milestone Playbacks
with the team and stakeholders
IBM Design
Prototype
Evaluate
Understand
Explore
Sponsor UsersHills
Playbacks
IBM Design
“Design must reflect the practical and
aesthetic in business but above all... good
design must primarily serve people.”
Thomas J Watson
IBM Design :: IBM Confidential :: ©2013 IBM Corporation
design.ibm.com
4
9

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IBM Design Thinking - Hen shkedi

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. מהוא עיצוב?. אני רוצה במהירות רק לענות על שאלה זו - שהיא חשובה. כי אנחנו נדבר על עיצוב כל היום "עיצוב" לכול אחד יש את ההגדרה שלו מה זה עיצוב או עיצוב טוב... Let's get to designing here. I want to quickly just answer this question — which is an important one because we've been tossing around this notion of “design” and the term “design” all morning so far. What we find is that everyone sort of has their own preconception of what “design” means…
  2. אז מה ההגדרה של עיצוב? לפי אבן שושן: מתן צורה לדבר, גיבוש. אין אזכור של אסטטיקה צבע טיפוגראפיה או תמונות מה יש? כדוגמאות "עיצוב דמותו" "עיצוב פרטי התכנית" ואפילו עיצוב אופי, אף מילה על עיצוב גראפי. So we'd like to start with this definition of design. It's kind of a good sort of grounding for us. Kind of an interesting definition here. It doesn't say anything about aesthetics or color or typography or images. “Purpose, planning, or intention.” Those are very foundational words, right? And for an organization like IBM, kind of an appropriate way to think about design. IBM is a very foundational company. The technology that we develop sits underneath many of the experiences that we have in the world.
  3. עוד דרך להביט על עיצוב היא דרכו של דון נורמן. מוביל דעה וגורו בעולם העיצוב בדגש על design thinking/ ככה הוא מפרש את המונח עיצוב (לקרוא שקף( זה רעיון עצום אך פשוט. (קליק) הדבר החשוב ביותר הוא הגדרת הבעיה! התנסנו בזה קצת בתרגיל האגרטל ואז תיארנו את הבעיה בצורה ברורה יותר זה בעצם מה שאנו אמורים לעשות כל יום. לחשוב: איך אנו יכולים לפתור את הבעיה הנכונה Another way to build on that. This is Don Norman — he's a thought leader in the design thinking world — and he takes this crack at defining design. (READ THE SLIDE) So… some big ideas there. We've already talked about how important it is to determine the real problem. We went through that “vase” exercise. We kind of had the experience of solving the wrong problem, and then the experience of re-framing that problem in a different way. So that's something that will be a common thread of your day today — how do we make sure we are solving the right problem?
  4. הנקודה הבאה זה של "לשקול מגוון רחב של פתרונות אפשריים" - זה רעיון מאתגר. במיוחד לארגון כמו IBM - שפותר בעיות טכנולוגיות ועסקיות באמת מורכבות, עם מעט מאוד סובלנות לסיכון. מה דון נורמן אומר כאן הוא שאנחנו צריכים לעצור ולשקול כמה רעיונות שעשויות להיות מחוץ לחזון שלנו המיידי, לרדת משביל הלבנים הצהובות. אז איך אנחנו עושים את זה? זה אתגר, אבל חשיבה מסועפת, חשיבה על פיתרונות רבים ככל האפשר היא קריטית לגישתdesign thinking This next point of “considering a wide range of potential solutions” — that is a challenging idea. Especially for an organization like IBM — solving really complex technology and business problems, with very little tolerance for risk. What Don Norman is saying here is that we need to stop and consider some ideas that may be out of our immediate vision, that may be off that beaten path. So how do we do that? That's a challenge, but that divergent lateral thinking is critical to a design-driven approach.
  5. חשוב באותה המידה , אם כן, הוא איך אנחנו לוקחים את זה במגוון רחב של רעיונות ולהתכנס אל הרעיון הכי טוב שלנו? ללא הטקטיקה של התכנסות אל הרעיון הכי טוב שלך -- ההסתעפות הופכת להיות מאוד, מאוד מסוכנת. אז יש פה כמה רעיונות מעניינים מאוד כאן שאנחנו נמשיך לדון בהם... Equally as important, then, is how do we take that wide range of ideas and converge down to our best idea? Without that approach — that tactic of converging down to your best idea — the divergence becomes very, very risky. So some interesting ideas here that we'll continue to discuss throughout the workshop.
  6. הנה דרך אחרת לומר את זה, מג'ייסון פריד בBasecamp. (לקרוא את השקף) אז הנה מקום שבו אנחנו מציגים את אדם שבצד השני שאנחנו כבר מדברים עליו. המשתמש ש- בהקשר שלנו –זה שאנו יוצרים חוויה בשבילן. טוב, כל זה מצביע על הגדרה מחדש של המונח "עיצוב". Here’s another way to say it, from Jason Fried at Basecamp. (READ THE SLIDE) So here’s where we introduce that person on the other end who we’ve been talking about. That user — in our context — is who we’re creating an experience for. So, all of this points to a re-framing of the term “design.”
  7. אז, כל זה מצביע על הגדרה מחדש של המונח "העיצוב" המונח כמו שאנחנו נתרגל כאן היום ב- IBM. So, all of this points to a re-framing of the term “design” as we’re practicing it here at IBM.
  8. מובן, יש ל IBM היסטוריה מדהימה של עיצוב. לפני כמעט 50 שנים, תומאס ווטסון ג'וניור הוציא את תזכיר 123 הידוע, לכל שהכריז כי "עיצוב טוב הוא עסק טוב." Of course, IBM has an incredible history of design. Almost 50 years ago, Thomas Watson Junior issued Company-wide Memo #123, famously declaring that “Good design is good business.”
  9. נריץ קדימה קדימה רק לפני בערך 2 שנים, המנכ"לית הנוכחית של IBM ג'ני רומטי, הכריזה על כוונתה להשתמש בעיצוב כיתרון אסטרטגי לעודד את הצמיחה בעתיד על ידי באופן דרסטי לשיפור החוויות שאנו מספקים ללקוחותינו. ג'ני כמו תומאס ווטסון ג'וניור, מבינה שיש לנו להתמקד בחוויה שאנחנו בונים ל" בן האדם בצד השני. " Fast-forward to the founding of IBM Design just about 2 years ago, and IBM’s current CEO, Ginni Rometty, declared her intention of using design as a strategic advantage to drive future growth by drastically improving the experiences we deliver to our clients. So Ginni, like Thomas Watson Junior, understands that we have to focus on the experience we’re building for “the person on the other end.”
  10. וכך, בהקשר שלנו, אני רוצה להתייחס למה שאנחנו עושים בIBM כ “user-centered product development.” או אפילו יותר טובHuman-centered product development. זה באמת מה שאנחנו עושים כאן כאשר אנו מדברים על "עיצוב" ב- IBM. And so, in our context, I like to refer to what we’re doing at IBM Design as “user-centered product development.” Or even better yet: Human-centered product development. That’s really what we’re doing here when we talk about “design” at IBM.
  11. בואו נסתכל על איך מוצר יכול להיות מעוצב ... מה רע בגישה זו? Let’s take a look at how a product might be designed… What’s wrong with this approach?
  12. חצץ, לכלוך כביש משובש האוויר הצח צליל הרוח \Grit and grime Bumps of the road Smell of the fresh air Sound of the wind rushing by
  13. אנחנו לא יכולים להיות ממוקדים בעיצוב פונקציות- אנו חייבים להתמקד בעיצוב החוויה. [לחץ] יותר מדי זמן בIBM Iהתמקדנו בעיצוב אגרטלים. אבל מה ש IBM DESIGN עושה הוא לשנות את הפוקוס לעיצוב דרכים טובות יותר לאנשים ליהנות מפרחים בבתיהם - אנחנו ממקדים העשייה שלנו על עיצוב חוויות למשתמשים שלנו. We cannot be focused on designing feature functions —— we have to focus on designing the experience. [CLICK] For far too long at IBM, we’ve been focused on designing our products like they’re vases. But what IBM Design is doing is changing the focus to designing better ways for people to enjoy flowers in their homes — we’re focusing our practice on designing experiences for our users.
  14. אז, אם כבר מדברים על חוויות ... בואו ניקח צעד אחורה וחשוב את החוויה האנושית. אחרי הכל, אלו  בני אדם שאנחנו מעצובים להם את המוצרים שלנו. So, speaking of experiences… let’s back up and consider the HUMAN experience. After all, it’s HUMANS that we’re designing our products for.
  15. מה אתה אוהב לעשות? לחברה כאן, זה לשחק במשחקי וידאו. “What do you love to do?” For Joshua here, it’s playing video games.
  16. אבל עבודה עדיין לעתים קרובות נראית כך ... But work still often looks like this…
  17. אבל, זה יכול להיראות ולעבוד ככה ... But, it could look and work like this…
  18. IBM Verse- דואר אלקטרוני שמבין אותך. מופעל על ידי כלי האנליזה של I BM וחיפוש מתקדם, VERSE מספק גישה מבוססת-ענן לניהול יום העבודה שלך. IBM Verse — email that understands you. Powered by IBM's analytics and advanced search, Verse delivers a cloud-based approach to managing your workday.
  19. זוהי גישה חדשה לחלוטין - שינוי פרדיגמה - לניהול זמן, מערכות יחסים, קשרים, ותקשורת בארגון. הושק בסוף השנה שעברה עם שבחים עצומים תרועות בתעשייה והיא בגרסת ביתא עכשיו. וזה נבנה מהבסיס בגישת the IBM Design Thinking It’s an entirely new approach — a paradigm shift — to managing time, relationships, connections, and communications in the enterprise. It launched late last year with enormous fanfare and industry accoloades and is in Beta now. And it was built from the ground-up using the IBM Design Thinking approach.
  20. ... והשותפות ההיסטורית שלנו עם אפל היא מהפכה תעשיות כמו תעופה, ייצור, קמעונאות, בנקאות, אנרגיה, ושירותי בריאות. אז.... העולם משתנה!!!!!! …and our historic partnership with Apple is revolutionizing industries like aviation, manufacturing, retail, banking, energy, and healthcare. [CLICK] So, the world is changing…
  21. זו הסיבה I BM Design Thinking framework תוכננה. זה לא רק על יצירת חוויות משתמש מעולה, אלא גם לספק (DELIVER) אותה! ולעשות את זה בארגון מורכב כמו שלנו! That’s why the IBM Design Thinking framework was devised. It’s not just about creating great user experiences but also delivering them. And doing so in complex organizations like ours.
  22. שיתוף פעולה בין-פונקציות הוא הבסיס ל IBM Design Thinking. מדובר על "שיתוף פעולה קיצוני". Cross-functional collaboration is at the heart of IBM Design Thinking. “RADICAL COLLABORATION.”
  23. אז זה גישת החשיבה עיצוב הבסיסית. המסגרת של "design thinking" user-centered היא לא חדשה . זוהי גישה לפתרון בעיות שכבר ממומשת בחברות ייעוץ כמו FROGוIDEO ויש תוכניות בנושא באקדמיה כמו סטנפורד. The framework of user-centered “design thinking” isn’t new. It’s an approach to problem solving that’s been pioneered and practiced by consultancies like Frog and Ideo and academic programs like the Stanford D School.
  24. זה מתחיל עם הבנת המשתמשים שלנו תוך שימוש בשיטות מחקר. מתוך זה, נפיק פרסונות וסנריו'ס על מה החוויה שלהם היום עבורך אישיות It starts with Understanding our users using research methods. Out of this, we’ll generate personas and scenarios about what their experiences are like today.
  25. Personas הם ארכיטיפים של משתמש כדי לעזור בקבלת החלטות כדי לאפשר יישום מוצלח של המוצר: יעזור לנו לענות על השאלה מה המשתמשים שלנו צריכים? במה הם יוכלו ויצליחו להשתמש? פרסונות שימושיות הן: מבוססות על מחקר משתמשים ספציפיות (כללי מדי = לא משמעותי או לפעולה) קצרות ובלתי נשכחות מזכיר לצוות של צרכי משתמש ומניעים באמצעות אמפתיה (לא רשימות) Personas are User archetypes to guide decisions and to enable a successful implementation of the product: what your users need and can use? Useful Personas are Based on user research Specific (too general = not meaningful or actionable) Short and memorable Reminds team of user needs and motivators through empathy (not lists)
  26. אז אנחנו חושבים על קונספטים, עושים סיעור מוחות, וחקורים תרחישים עתידיים. היכולת לספר סיפור היא חשובה מאוד כי היא לוכדת את הפרטים של זרימת העבודה והמסע של המשתמשים. זה גם דרך רבת עוצמה כדי ליישר קו עם בעלי עניין . Then we Explore design concepts, brainstorm, and explore future scenarios. This story lens is powerful because it captures details of the users’ workflows and journey. It’s also a powerful way to align stakeholders and customers at Playbacks.
  27. סדרה של תרחישים, כל אחד עם תיאור ויזואלי ותיאור בכתב מסייע לצוות במהירות סיעור מוחות ולתקשר לרוחבה של תרחישים להיות ל- אפשריים כדי לענות על הצרכים של משתמשים בקיצור איזה יהיה? Series of scenarios, each with a visual depiction and written description Helps the team rapidly brainstorm and communicate a breadth of possible to-be scenarios to meet the needs of users
  28. מעבירים את הקונספט לממשקי משתמש, כדי שנוכל לבדוק אותם. נתחיל ברזולוציה נמוכה וזולה מאוד באיכות ולכן אנחנו יכולים להיכשל וללמוד מהר . Then we’ll harden those concepts into user interfaces so we can test them. We’ll start very low-fidelity so we can fail and learn fast and cheap. At Playback 0, the storyboards we show should be mid-fidelity.
  29. יש המון צורות שונותל אב טיפוס תלוי במטרה שלך למה חשוב לעשות אב טיפוס? כדי לשים את עצמך בנעליו של המשתמש? כדי לקבל משוב? כדי להחליט בין אפשרויות מרובות? אב טיפוס מאפשר ניסויים מהירים לתקשר בין אנשי צוות ולאמת רעיונות לקבל משוב והכי חשוב! להיכשל מהר ללמוד מהר!! Lots of different forms Depends on your goal Why prototype? Put yourself in the user’s shoes? Get feedback? Decide between multiple options? Gain input directly in the design process? Who is the audience of the prototype? Prototyping enables rapid experimentation Communicate and validate Understand and explore Get feedback Fail fast learn fast Test and decide between multiple options
  30. ולאחר מכן אנו מעריכים את אלו אבות טיפוס עם משתמשים ובעלי עניין. And then we evaluate those prototypes with users and stakeholders. When it comes time for Playback 0, we work cross-team to contain the scenarios and break them down into codeable user stories (or requirements). What we will show at Playback 0 should be a contained experience.
  31. על ידי prototyping והערכה שאתה מקבל תובנות מהמשתמשים הנותנות לנו לקבל החלטות. משתמש הוא בלב של חווית המשתמש אנו בודקים בצורה איטרטיבית עם משתמשים תוך כדי גידול פדיליטי בכל איטרציה וכך אנו מקבלים החלטות עיצוב זה בעצם סוג של ניסויים By prototyping and evaluating you get form user insights to decisions. User is at the core of UX Start with research docs and test iteratively with users Increase in fidelity at each iteration Make design decisions A FORM OF EXPERIMENTATION
  32. התוספת של IBM 3 פרקטיקות ליבה אלה ... הילס, ספונסר יוזרס , ופליבקס. And we call those 3 core practices … Hills, Sponsor Users, and Playbacks.
  33. הדבר הראשון הוא להשקיע על מנת לקבל תוצאות. זה ניסוח על, מוגדר היטב לתוצאה עבור המשתמש, ואנחנו קוראים לזה הילס. הילס היא שיטה למקד את צוותים שלנו בפתרון הבעיות הנכונות עבור המשתמשים שלנו ושל השוק, במקום להתמקד בפיצ'רים ( לוודא שאנחנו לא מעצבים אגרטלים.) בכל פרויקט יש שלוש גבעות ורק שלוש. זה מאלץ אותנו להיות חדים ולהתמקד במתן ערך אמיתי ובאזורים ממוקדים. שם נשקיע את מירב המשאבים שלנו The first is to Invest for Market Outcomes. This is about articulating a well-defined end state for the user, and we call those Hills. Hills are a method of focusing our teams on solving the right problems for our users and the market rather than focusing on features or implementation. (Hills make sure that we’re not designing vases.) Each project has three Hills and only three. This forces us to be laser focused on delivering real value in targeted areas. And then we invest our people across these Hills
  34. מטרה של הילס: לוודא כי היעד הוא ברור לכל הצוות וכולם מושכים באותו כיוון Purpose of Hills: make sure the destination is clear across the team and everyone pulling in same direction
  35. משכנע מספיק, שיהיה WOW למשתמשים שלך זמן מוגדר compelling enough to wow your users defined timeframe
  36. כל פלייבק מתחיל בהצגת ההילס. סביר לצפות שההילס יתפתחו במהלך הזמן, אבל כל שינוי חייב להילקח ברצינות רבה. Every playback, start with the Hills so that your project has clear intentionality Reasonable to expect Hills to evolve during development, but any change must be taken very seriously - done purposefully and transparently
  37. על מנת לקבל משוב ממשתמשים אמיתיים אנו עובדים עם ספונסר יוזרס, למעשה הם שותפים בפרויקט. ספונסר יוזרס מסייעים לצוות לספק חוויות משתמש לצרכי משתמשים אמיתיים ולא צרכים דמייניים. ספונסר יוזרס מצטרפים לצוות שלנו ועובדים איתנו. (לפעמים זה נקרא "participatory design.") אלה הם משתמשים בפועל של המוצרים שלנו. והם מלווים אותנו לאורך כל הדרך. The second is Envision the User Experience. This is about working with real users to refine our direction up front. Those users we work most closely with are called Sponsor Users. Sponsor Users help teams deliver experiences for real users rather than imagined needs. These sponsor users are joining our teams to do the work with us. (Sometimes this is referred to as “participatory design.”) These are actual users of our products who are embedded with our teams and ride along side us during the entire process.
  38. ייתכן שאתם רגיל לעבוד עם פרסונות על מנת לקבל את הפרספקטיבה של משתמשים. כמובן בהנחה שהם מבוססיםעל ידי מחקר משתמש אמיתי, הם יעזרו לנו לענות על הצרכים הרחב של בסיס המשתמשים שלנו. ספונס ריוזרס עובדים עם הצוות עמוק יותר סביב מקרה-קצה ולכן הם מגיעים לנקודה שבה יכולים לעמוד לצידנו ולהגיד , "אני אוהב את זה. זה פותר את הבעיה שלי.! " You may be used to working with personas to bring in a users’ perspective. Assuming they’re informed by real user research, they will help us meet the broad needs of our user base. We bring in Sponsor Users to work with the team to go deeper around edge-case usage so they get to the point where they will stand with you at a keynote and say, “I love this. This solves my problem.”
  39. לבסוף, שיתוף פעולה, יישור קו, Engage! בקיצור פלייבק שיתוף פעולה הדוק על פני פונקציות, יישור קו על של מה שאנחנו רוצים להעביר, וחיבור ורתימת בעלי העניין והלקוחות שלנו. אנו עושים זאת באמצעות פליבק'ס, שבהם אנו מספרים שוב את חווית המשתמש שאנו מתכננים לתת למשתמשים על מנת לקבל משוב וליצור יישור קו. בכל פלייבק, נציג את ההילס, פרסונות ,סנריו והסטוריבורדים שלנו פלייבק מבוסס הצגה ויזואלית ופחות על סיפור והקראה. בפלייבק אנחנו לא מציגים את הפיצ'רים של המערכות אלא את חווית המשתשמש ההוליסטית שאנו מנסים לתת Lastly, Collaborate, Align, Engage! This is about working closely across functions, aligning on what we want to deliver, and engaging our stakeholders and customers. We do this through Playbacks, where we tell the story of the experience we’re delivering to get alignment and feedback. Playbacks are alignment events where we tell stories that capture the value of the experience we’re delivering. A Playback milestone would take our whole team and stakeholders through the Hills, personas, and one or more storyboards. The Playback is a distinct, story-based method of sharing our work-in-progress based on a culture of showing rather than telling — that’s critical for aligning our teams and our stakeholders. Playbacks keep us away from Power-point presentations loaded with feature-functions and, instead, let us share and agree on the experiences we’ll be delivering to our users.
  40. הפלייבקים הם אבני הדרך החשובות בפרויקט, בתחילה יישור קו לגבי ההילס. ואחר כך החוויה הכוללת בפלייבק 0 משם נמשים באב טיפוס ו היי פידלטי פרוטוטייפ ואחר כך החלפת רכיבים באב הטיפוס בפיסות קוד אמיתיות לכל אורך תהליך הפיתוח אנחנו נעכב את We’ll hold milestone Playbacks throughout a project, aligning first on the Hills at the Hills Playback, then on the overall experience we want to deliver at Playback 0 with a storyboard, then on the evolution of that experience at Delivery Playbacks using live code and high-fi mockups. Throughout the project, we’ll also play back to clients under NDA.
  41. אנחנו פועלים בקנה מידה אדיר עם מיליוני משתמשים. אנחנו עובדים בצוותים עצומים, רב-תחומיים הפיזור נרחב על פני זמן וגאוגרפיה. אנחנו עובדים על מוצרים מורכבים ביותר. 3 פרקטיקות ליבה אלה מסייעיות לנו ב IBM כדי לענות על הצרכים הייחודיים שלנו. These 3 core practices help IBM to meet our unique needs: We operate at a massive scale with millions of users. We work in enormous, multi-disciplinary teams that are widely-dispersed across time and geography. We work on extremely complex products, often dealing with legacy technologies.
  42. אסיים בציטוט נוסף של טומס ווטסון גוניור (לקרוא)
  43. For more information and education on IBM Design Thinking, visit design.ibm.com. Thanks.