1. Pablo Martin Binder
María Aranda García
Olga Gerasimenko
Roy Weterings
René Bouwmeester
Jelle Pieters
Tianyi Hu
Mengxiao Wang
Dorella Maruccia

2. Vision
Create a sustainable
riverbasin, which is self
relient by effective use of the
Guadelete river, creating
economical opportunities

3. River as source
for economy
(Correct
Management)
River as a Solitary
Developement
(Incorrect
Management)
Huge
Population
Small
Population
Graveyard
Living with
the River
The American
Dream
Monstruopoli
s
Big Cities
Infrastructure
More Waste
Hydropower
Traditional Agricultue
Bigger cities
Housing
Pollution
Industries
Masive Tourism
Waste Incineration
Cooperative
EcoTourism
Sustainable agriculture
Aquaculture and architecture
Water regeneration / reuse
Algea
Old population
People leaving town
Traditional agriculture
Abandonned houses
No technology

4. Future scenario
 WWTPs in villages
 Detached houses in more distant areas
 Small scale sustainable agriculture/aquaculture
 WWTP effluent for agriculture/aquaculture
 Fish ladders
 Sediment flow
 Sufficient water quality

5. Future scenario
 Improve current economical activities
 Rural hotels
 Tourism (culture, sports, nature, fishing)
 Knowledge exchange/cooperation
 Efficient landuse planification
 Slow food
 Preserving traditions

6. Measures
 Education and commitment
 Sustainable agriculture
 Sustainable aquaculture
 Eko tourism
 Salinas
 Detached houses

7. Environmental education and
commitment: “LIVING WITH
GUADALETE RIVER”
BRAINSTORMING
 Agenda 21
 Public participation forums, group workshops
 Feedback
 GOs
 NGOs (Ecologist Action, Fundación Nueva Cultura del Agua, FNCA)
 Social network
 Media
 Like Famarea
 European Centre for River Restauration
 EU projects
 EKOenergy environmental fund
 EVS
Examples

8. Characteristics
 Free or low cost
 Slow process
 A lot of cooperation
 Governmental support
 Start in primary school (volunteers, students from
universities, teachers…)

9. Action PlanTime Cost (Aprox.) Possibilities Experts involve
Official research Fast because
avaliable
20,000 € Possible Env. Institutions,
organizations,
universities…
Media 3-4 weeks 8,000€/year Possible TV, newspappers,
social network,
radio, pamphlets…
Feedback 2-3 months 2,500€ Possible Different sectors
Cooperation with
stakeholders and
athorities
A longer process 1,000€ 50%-50% GOs, industries,
institutions…
Group workshops 1 week 5,000€ Possible Experts, workers,
Gos, NGOs,
authorities…
Media 2 3-4 weeks 8,000€/year Possible TV, newspapers…
Educational field
work
All the time(*) 4,000€/year Possible Experts in
environmental
fields, volunteers,
gropup leaders in
the villages…

10. * Educational field work is supposed to be continued for every
newcomming generation.

11. The term sustainable agriculture means an integrated
system of plant and animal production practices having a site-specific
application that will, over the long term:
• Satisfy human food and fiber needs
• Enhance environmental quality and the natural resource based
upon which the agricultural economy depends
• Make the most efficient use of nonrenewable resources and on-
farm resources and integrate, where appropriate, natural biological cycles
and controls
• Enhance the quality of life for farmers and society as a whole.
Transforming traditional agriculture into sustainable rural
activities

12. (FAO, 2012)

13. Technical Meassures
Crop Rotation
Mixed Cropping

14. Inter Cropping
Cover cropping
Usage of locally produced compost
Replacement of traditional agrochemicals

17. Total Cultivated area 192611
Total Irrigated Area (ha) (2013) 45503
Numbre of existent cooperatives 15
Surface Water 100%
Irrigation system
Gravity 30%
Localized 33%
Sprinkles 37%
Average efficiency 64%
Water distribution (m3/ha.yr) 6085
(Junta de Andalucía, 2011)

18. Surface % - Cooperatives included2013
2018 2023 2028 2033
•Progress Report
•Process Quality Report
•Baseline Report
•Peer Learning Reviews - Lessons learned
• Periodical Reviews and Reflection
• Planning Mid-term and Final cycle Evaluation
• New data and experience incorporation

19. Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Phase 1 Project Established with Human Resources, Facilities and Systems
1 Contracting, Defining leading committee
2 Recruitment, Capacity building of Team
3 Establishing project management systems and processes
Phase 2 Initiation, Rapport Building and Demand Assessment
1 Community consutlations, level demand assessments, baseline assessments, benchmark indicators
2 Preparing agriculture development plans
3 Stakeholder consultations, workshops to finalise these plans and to seek support from government
Phase 3 Establishment of a Village based Agriculture
1 Identification of agriculture providers
2 Assessment of capacities and preparing capacity buidling plan
3 Series of Training programmes, exposure visits for capacity building
Phase 4 Sustainable agriculture interventions
1 Demonstrations at farmers field on Organic pest management, soil and nutrient management practices
2 Full Package of Organic technology available
3 Provision of seeds
4 Provision of fertility improvement products
5 Bio-pesticides
6 Package of practice training
7 Value chain studies, market opportunity assessment
8 Value addition interventions, micro enterprises for groups
9 Market information and linkages
Phase 5 Institutional Development activities
1 Building /strengthening farmers at village level
2 Capacity building of community institutions, linkages with local Government
3 Convergence with public department responsible for delivery of services
4 Business planning support
Phase 6 Knowledge documentation and dissemination
1 Research studies, project model documentation
2 Campaigns, seminars, workshops at various levels, Policy briefs, best practices
Phase 7 Project Monitoring, Evaluation, Learning
1 Reports - Progress Report, Process Quality Report
2 Baseline Report
3 Peer Learning Reviews
4 Annual Reviews and Reflection, Planning
5 Mid-term and Final cycle Evaluation
Year 5
Milestone / Activity and InputsNº
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4
Project Gantt Chart = 5 years sub-phase

20. Use aquaculture effluent for agriculture
Aquaculture effluent used for agriculture, reduce cost for effluent treatment
Eg. Salt tomatoes

21. Culture algae in aquaculture effluent
Algae as nature fertilizer
Combine with shellfish production

22.  Cooperation with Universities & scientific institutes
 Fish farms self-interested
 Support small fish farms & increase competition
 Regulation
--Increase the punishment.
--Increase monitoring
 Possible export.
-- Local consumption ( tourism)
-- Export to other European countries

23. Touristic Hotspots
• Placed at the reservoirs of Guadelete river
• The touristic hotspots uses products of
sustainable (aqua/agri culture)
• Touristic hotspots offering tours to sustainable
farms
Touristic
hotpots
Agriculture
Aquaculture

24. Touristic activities
• Guided tours to agriculture and aquaculture
spots
• Birdwatching tours
• Bike rental (with tracks to agri/aquaculture
spots)
• Fishing trips
• Canoe rental
• Climbing wall at the dam
• Rural bed and breakfast

25. Rural Bed and Breakfast
• Self sustainable farm
• Experiencing culture and lifestyle
• Enjoying food and drinks from the farm
• Learning about production process
• Offering tours, sports and cultural activities

26. Rural bed and Breakfast
• Grains
– Provides for income and jobs for the local
population.
– Culture is preserved
– Biological diversity is maintained in surrounding
areas.
– Cooperation between locals

27. Rural Bed and Breakfast
• How to achieve this?
– Education program by Universities
– House to house education by students
– Workshop meetings with farmers

28. Building a dry toilet
• Preparation: 1 hour
• Waiting: 1-2 years
• Aerobic process
• No water
• Capture nutrients

29. Materials
• Sturdy plastic milk crate
• 5-gallon bucket
• Toilet seat, complete with seat bolts
• Felt-tip pen or china marker (optional)
• Jigsaw or keyhole saw
• Utility knife
• 4 wood scraps or table legs
• 8 plastic cable ties
• Several gallons of sawdust or limestone and a
bucket to store it in, and a scoop

30. Putting it together
• Scavenge
• Attach the toilet seat to the crate
• Cut a hole in the crate
• Cut the legs
• Attach the legs
• Operating instructions

31. Maintenance
• Emptying interval of the toilet depends on the
number of users
• The emptying interval increases with the size
of the tank
• Easy excess to tank for emptying
• Emptying of the collection vessel for liquid
accumulated from the toilet

32. Action Plan
• Create a student program
• Students inform inhabitants about awareness
and use of dry toilets
• Students and volunteers are selected to build
the dry toilets
• Very low maintenance efforts

34. Reuse of gray water
• Use directly to irrigate crops
• Treatment by helophyte filter
• Reuse treated water for irrigation or
discharge

35. Helophyte filter
• Natural treatment by reed
– About 3m3 per person needed and 1m deep
– A septic tank and pump to regulate the flow
– Use a strong plastic foil to prevent leakage
– Root pads to prevent puncture by roots
– infiltration pipes
– Gravel and sand
– The plants

36. Helophyte filter
• Creating awareness by advertising and house
to house
• Meetings with locals
• Subsidies EU
• Environmental action groups.
• Costs about € 10.000
• Reduce costs by doing a part yourself.

37. LAS SALINAS AS AN
ECONOMICAL OPPORTUNITY

38. A salt mine is a mining
operation involved in the
extraction of rock salt or
halite from evaporate
deposites.
These deposits are located
in the salt marshes, that
are coastal ecosystems in
the upper coastal
intertidal zone between
land and open salt waters.

39. How Salinas operate
The salt extraction is based
on tides, sun and wind.
When the tide grows,
the doors will be opened
and the marsh will
get flooded;
then the doors
will be closed and so
the water remains inside.

40. This sea water is guided into a less deep area, called «tajerìa»
Here the sun and the wind
make water evaporate so the
salt will be depositated on
the ground.

41. The water is forced to follow a meanderic path:
in this way, the carbonate sediments will
deposite in meanders and the salt will result
more pure.

42. The salt is collected:
• with machines: it needs some washing
treatments for sand and iodine
• with hands Salineros

43. Nowadays, the salt extraction activity in the
province of Cadiz generates 1950 employers, but
there are some abandoned salt marshes:
34 in Puerto Real
7 in Chiclana
5 in San Fernando

44. Salinas in
Puerto Real

45. Salinas in
Chiclana de la
Frontera
Salinas in San
Fernando

46. Regulation
The new “Ley de Costas” (a coastal law),
activated in the beginning of 2013, declares
that:
• 7500 ha of salt marshes and aquaculture
installations are now considered like protected
areas;
• if the salt marshes manage to fulfill the law
requirements, they could be operative again.

47. Why restoring Salinas?
• Economic reasons:
- great source of new employments
• Biological reasons:
- contribute to the cleaning of the area
- birds like flamingos
have repopulated
the area

48. Restoring methods:
• To abandon all human interference
and leave the salt marsh to complete
its natural development.
• To restore the destroyed habitat into
its natural state either at the original
site or as a replacement at a
different site.
SUCCESSFUL APPROACH:
2 – 10 years

49. Costs of restoration:
are highly variable, they depend on:
• different site conditions
• different restoring method.
A recent study in New England indicates that the cost,
on average, will be about $16000 / acre.
€ 11844 / 4047 m2
€ 2,92 / m2
These costs include:
• planning
• construction
• monitoring

50. Action Plan:
ACTIONS
YEARS
1 2 3 4 5 10
Policy and legislation
Take account of saltmarshes when developing agri-
environment schemes, management of coastlines
Produce development control policies to prevent
development in flood risk areas
Promote awareness of agri-environment schemes
which involve the management of saltmarshes
Site safeguard and management
Identify potential areas for managed realignment
of saltmarshes
Improve estuarine and coastal water quality
Advisory
Promote and develop demonstration sites for the
management of saltmarshes
Future research and monitoring
Identify the key areas suffering from erosion
Monitor changes in the extent and quality of the
saltmarsh
Monitor population of important wetland bird
species
Communication and Publicity
Organise and hold demonstrations and talk about
the biodiversity theme in saltmarshes
Foster a wider appreciation of biodiversity of the
area through education and publicity
Communicate the need for managed realignment
to landowners

51. Example of restoration costs:
SALINA DE LOS TRES AMIGOS (San Fernando):
Area: 408 ha
Amount of the cost: 11,913,600 €

52. Stakeholders involved:
STAKEHOLDER
CATEGORY
INSTITUTION STAKE RELATED TO POLICY ISSUE
Public
Governmental
Management of the water basin
Regional water resources authority
Implementation of Water Framework Directive
Agents of saltmarshes Natural Reserve Conservation of the salt marsh and biological communities
Municipality
Local municipality
Definition of socioeconomic development strategies
Non - Governmental
Ecologists in Action Active participation in the defence of environmental quality
(ex: monitoring waste discharges, environmental education,
complaints to municipalities)
Committee for the natural heritage defence
Semi - Private
Dams management Management of river discharge controlled by dams
Wastewater management companies
Implementation and maintenance of urban wastewater
treatment facilities
Private
Environmental requalification management company
Environmental assessment of large project; elaboration of river
basin management plans
Salt farming companies
Traditional economic activity dependent on both quality and
consumers' perception of ecosystem health

53. Conclusion
• Create awareness
• Continues communication between
stakeholders
• Create opportunities
• Promote innovative thinking
• Challenges to overcome (WWTP)
• DON’T THINK IN PROBLEMS THINK OF CHALLENGES!!