Introduction to Technical Textile by NTU

Lecture Delivered 16,Jan’14
Special Thanks

Mr. Muneeb Tahir (Batch 2009)

Regards:

Hassan Shahzad
President 2013-14
Technical Textile Society-NTU
Group for research project discussions: https://www.fb.com/groups/technicaltextiles
Page: https://www.fb.com/tts.fsd


Reformation in global trends


Technical textiles in Pakistan
• Although Pakistan’s potential in the field of technical textiles is immense
but it is in the developing phase. Pakistan has always been a formidable
force in the field of conventional cotton based textiles.


Difference b/w conventional &technical textiles
• Unlike conventional textiles used traditionally for clothing or furnishing,
technical textiles are used basically on account of their specific physical and
functional properties.

Conventional Textiles

Technical Textiles


Agrotech
• Textiles used in agriculture,
horticulture, forestry, farming
and fishing


• Agrotech sheets are
also used for soil
reclamation.

• These sheets can
contain soil erosion
problem and
decompose into plant
nutrients.


•Provide protection against frost, wind,
excessive sunlight.

Agrotech
• Avoids crop
wastage due to
better symmetric
arrangement.

• Provide
protection
against weeds.

Bird Protection Nets


Biodegradable Plant Pots


Buildtech
• Buildtech involves textile composites used in
building industry.


A revolution has been introduced to
the building industry by the use of
textile based composites.


As Thermal and Noise Insulators


Structures built of textile materials


Textile Materials as Concrete Reinforcement


Litracon

Now more durable, reliable, cheaper
and resilient structures can be made.


Designing of Wind Turbines
• Owing to light weight
which is required for
maximum energy
production.


Ultimate remedy
• Buildtech has addressed
the problems
commonly faced in
building industry.
• Like weakening of
structures due to
rusting, seepages or
natural calamities .

Properties
• Strength
• Resilience
• Resistance to
degradation by
chemicals and
pollutants in the air


Clothtech
• Components of clothing
and footwear.

• It includes the most
promising field/future
of textiles “SMART
TEXTILES”.

Smart textiles
• Electronics embedded
on garments i.e.
wearable electronics.


Smart textiles
• A piece of e-Textile
weighing 0.3 kgs the
approximate weight of a
T-shirt could hold up to
three times more
energy than a cell
phone battery.


Smart textiles


Military advancements
• South Korean military
has taken a gigantic
leap forward.

• It aims to integrate
smart textile technology
in the uniforms of it’s
military personnel.


Objective
• The objective is to
create a military
uniform that integrates
information technology.


Heat sensitive textiles


Shape Memory Textiles


Astronaut suits
• Cosmic apparel used by
astronauts in space or
on the surface of a
planet.


Cosmic apparel
• These are supplied with
oxygen, safety from
solar radiations due to
absence of atmosphere
in space and many
other life support
systems.


Hug jackets/shirts


Musical shirts
• Electronic touch
sensitive drum
embedded on a
garment.


Self luminous textiles
• The textiles for disco
clubs of future.


Geotech

As implied from the
name Geo textiles are
the textiles which work
in contact with Earth’s
basic elements; soil,
rocks, water etc.

Dams
• Geotextiles are used in
the construction of
dams as concrete
reinforcements.

• Used either in
powdered or compact
form.


Roads
• Geotextiles are being
used in the construction
of roads.

• Lahore Kalar-kahar
Motorway.


Mechanism behind road construction
• Geotextiles fabric
sheets are used due to
their inherent stiffness.

• This does not let the
roads deform easily,
even if they are
subjected to heavy
traffic flow.

Prevention of soil erosion
• Lining of riverbanks can
be done with
Geotextiles to prevent
soil erosion due to
floods or other climatic
conditions.


A chance lost!
• The damages due to
recent floods could
have been curtailed to a
certain extent if
geotextiles were given a
chance!


• Erosion causes soil’s
humus layer to erode
away leaving the land
barren/unavailable for
cultivation.


• Geotextile sheets are
used in plains, hilly or
coastal areas to prevent
soil erosion.


Geotech market
• Asia and other
developing regions of
the world are much
likely to see a sustained
infrastructure
development programs.


Geotech market


Hometech
• Home textiles includes
household textiles.
• One such article which
has an interesting
property is fragrant
curtains.


Function and Mechanism
• Whenever there is
some undesirable odor
in the environment of a
room these curtains
would release fragrance
to counter that odor.


Decoration purposes
• Litracon is also used as
decoration article in
home textiles as table
lamps etc.


Hometech market
• The market is fairly
mature in Western
economies.

• The growth in emerging
economies such as India
and China is expected
to accelerate.

Indutech
• The textile materials
used in industries are
known as indutech.

• Generally industech are
used in purifying
poisonous gases at high
temperature.


Used in chimneys
• Most poisonous gases
are discharged into the
atmosphere at very
high temperatures.

• Common materials
can’t withstand such
temperatures without
melting.

Indutech has the remedy
• To solve this problem
heat resistant textile
materials with small
pore sizes are used to
filter hot poisonous
gases.


Used as high strength ropes
• Indutech ropes are also used in industrial
units.

• For lifting heavy weights and pulleys.

• These have high tensile strength.

As noise absorbents
• Some Industrial textiles
are used at industrial
scale as noise
absorbents too.


Medtech
• Absorbents, Bandages:
Plaster of Paris
Bandage, orthopedics
bandage, etc


Alginate bandages
• Alginate bandages can
be removed without
even the patient
knowing about its
removal and heals the
wound faster.


Alginate Bandages “A Revolution”
• Wounds are not
damaged as happens
mostly when cotton
bandage is removed.

• These bandages find
their usage specially in
burn care centers for
acute burn injuries.

Germ absorbents
• Non woven germ
absorbent wipes on
handles of hospital
doors.


Special tremor disease
• Boxer Muhammad Ali
has the same disease.
• Due to hand tremor
patient can’t carry out
their daily choirs.


Medtech to the rescue!
• Special fabric gloves
designed from
piezoelectric material
are designed to nullify
the effect of these
tremors.


In Transplantation
• Artificial kidney,
Artificial liver, Artificial
heart, Mechanical lung,
grafts, artificial skin and
bones are produced for
transplantation.


Soothing Broken Bones and Hearts
• Textile based grafts and
replacements of broken
or damaged bones are
also available for
transplantation.


Magic healing
• Special environment for
the treatment of
various diseases like
Asthma is required.

• Humidity, temperature
or microbial activity is
kept in check.

Magic healing
• Now we have such
textiles available which
can control these
factors.
• Example of Khewra
mine and a hospital
situated in it for the
treatment of Asthma.

How its done?
• The walls of the room
of the patient is lined
with fabric sheets made
of these textiles.


Hernia
• The disease known as
hernia makes the
abdomen muscles
weak.


Hernia
• Weak muscles cannot
even hold the pressure
of the intestines.


Development in Treatment Method
• The scientists have
carried out the
preparation of artificial
hernia mesh (a fabric).


Mechanism
• It lets the abdomen
muscles develop and
takes up the pressure.

• Instead of letting it
being transferred to the
slowly developing
abdomen muscles.


Curing hernia
• In this way the
weakened muscles get
time to develop fully.


Eye lenses
• Eye lenses are examples
of technical textile
materials.

• Very few of us know
this.


Eye Cornea
• Recently artificial eye
cornea has been
developed with textile
fibers.
• Cornea is the most
important part of
human eye.


Hope in sight
• Transplanting cornea in
place of damaged or
diseased cornea of a
patient can give light to
someone’s eye.


Relief for sugar patients
• Recently a major
breakthrough for sugar
patients has been the
manufacturing of micro
level fabric based drugs
encapsulating insulin.


Mechanism
• It has an interesting
mechanism.

• Capsules are injected
into the blood stream
by an injection.


Life of capsules
• The life of these
capsules is 6 months at
present.

• After this time span it is
dissolved into non toxic
materials.


No daily injections
• The greatest advantage
of this technique is that
patient doesn’t have to
take insulin injections
daily!


Technical textiles, no boundaries
• These are the marvels
of technical textiles in
the field of medial
sciences.


Medtech market
• Strong growth potential
in developed countries
based longer-living and
increased awareness
about healthcare issues.


Mobiltech
• The textile materials in
automobiles.


Automobiles
• Seat covers, seat belts,
car carpets, air bags,
tyre cord, composite
panels, car mats (although
they look like made of rubber).


Military use
• A very interesting
application of such
fabrics was devised by
various countries.


Main idea
• It used these fabrics in
the manufacturing of
inflatable armored
vehicles, tanks and even
fleets of warships.


Objective
• To distract, confuse and
deceive enemy in the
event of war with
the original ones.


Interesting thing
• Inflatable decoys can
also be detected on
radar by the enemy as
originals.


Carbon fiber as wonder fiber
• Carbon fiber is being
presented as a
replacement to
aluminum alloys in
fighter and commercial
jet manufacturing.


New chapter of aviation history
• Boeing’s Airbus 380.
• Such fighter or
commercial planes
would be light weight
and fuel efficient.


Eyebrow Raising Facts; Wonder Fiber
• It is much lighter than
aluminum.
• Its single fiber is far thin
than even human hair
but still its strength
surpasses that of steel.


Realization of Potential
• USA has devised a plan
to shift 75% of its
military vehicles to
textile composite based
structure.


Precious oil
• It is converting its
military vehicles to
Ethanol instead of
gasoline.
• Ethanol is not as strong
as gasoline.


Remedy
• To counter this problem
the weight has to be
reduced using textile
based composites in
vehicle structure.


Oekotech
• Textiles for
environmental
protection are known as
Oekotech.(GREEN
TEXTILES)


An interesting application
• Used effectively against
oil spillages in coastal
areas or in open oceans
or seas, separates water
and oil.(otherwise it is
harmful to ecosystem)


Nothing goes to waste
• Separated oil can be
used again, while on the
other hand disasters
can be averted.


In cigarette filters
• I bet you didn’t realize
that over four trillion
cigarette filters are
manufactured annually.

• Cigarette filters are non
woven textile materials.


Use of cigarettes filters
• These filters filter the tar and nicotine.
• Although handsome amount of it is inhaled
but still it does filter these substance to some
extent.

• These are carcinogenic materials.


Packtech
• Textiles used in packing
materials are called
packtech.

• Even tea bags (no one
ever thinks about it)
which are non woven
fabrics.


Protech
• Heat resistant clothing
for scientists studying
volcanic eruptions.


Fire suits
• Fire men’s protective
clothing.


High tech military apps.
• Clothing against cold
(like clothing of army
personnel in Siachin)


High tech military apps.
• Clothing against
chemical substances for
atomic, chemical and
biological warfare
specially(gas, liquids,
particles)


Mosquito repellant fabrics
• Even mosquito resistant
fibers are available in
the market to keep
mosquitoes away.


For Falcons
• G suits for fighter pilots
to coup up with the
pressure due to high
speed maneuvers in air.


Great domestic opportunity
• Bullet proof jackets,
helmets and special
boots.
• Pakistani law and order
agencies are in great
need of protective
textiles to counter the
law and order situation
in country.

Need of the hour
• Local textile industry
could exploit this
opportunity by
manufacturing desired
products.

• Hence saving country
foreign exchange being
wasted on imports of
these products.

Sporttech
• A fiber named Coolmax
remains cool even at
50⁰C.

• It is used in making
track suits for
sportsmen and women.


Suits for Deep Sea Divers
• Pressure suits for under
water divers are also
manufactured by some
special types of fibers.


Function of Suits
• These suits help them
to acclimatize to the
varied pressure levels
above and below water
level.
• Mentioning of bubble
formation disease.


Sporttech Apps. at Home
• In Pakistan technical
textile fibers are widely
being used specially in
Sialkot’s sports industry.


Domestic Sporttech Products
• In manufacturing of
hockey sticks and
footballs complying
with international
standards. (little
elaboration on the
strength of such hockey
sticks)


A matter of pride
• 90% graduates in Pakistan’s
present textile industry
belong to National textile
university.


National Textile University
• You have been provided a
life changing opportunity
to be a part of never failing
engine held responsible for
Pakistan’s economic
growth by destiny itself.


Change approaches
• Now it is up to you to excel,
innovate and lead my dear
juniors!


Introduction to Technical Textile by NTU

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