1. teJw
laoZv hmWn-ta¬
Zni sX‰p∂
kap-Zmb tXrXzw
F¨]Xv e£-Øn-e-[nIw apkvenw-Iƒ A[n-h-kn-°p∂ tIc-f-Øn¬ tem-IØv
HcnSØpw S-°mØ Ckvem-anI {]h¿Ø--ß-fpsS ndkm∂n-[y-am-Wp-≈-Xv.
]≈n-bpw ]≈n-°q-S-hpw am{X-a√, {Kma˛K-c-ßsf√mw Ckvem-anI i-_vZ-ß-
fm¬ apJ-cn-Xw. aX˛kmwkvIm-cnI kwL-S--Ifpw t]mjI L-SIß-fp-a-S°w
aq∂v Uk-n-e-[nIw kwL-S--Iƒ cmhpw ]Iepw sXcp-hn¬ H®-sh-®p S-°p-
∂p. tm°p-t∂-S-sØ√mw _-lp-h¿W t]mÃ-dp-Iƒ, ^vfIvkv t_m¿-Up-Iƒ,
Iam--߃...... GsX-¶nepw Hcp kwL-S--bpsS Imº-bn≥ S-°mØ Hcp
amkhpw sΩ IS∂pt]mIp-∂n-√. Zn]{X-ß-f-S°w ap∏-Xn-e-[nIw B-p-Im-
en-Ißfpw hn]p-eamb {]kn-≤o-IcWm-ebßfp-w. Im¬ e£-Øn-e[n-Iw aZvdk-
- - - - - -
Ifpw Ht´sd ]≈n-Ifpw al-√p-Ifpw a‰p hnZym-`ymk ÿm]--ß-fpw P-tk-
h kwcw-`ßfpw thsd-bpw. {]`m-jW߃, skan-m-dp-Iƒ, t{_mj-dp-Iƒ XpS-
- - -
ßn hnizm-kn-I-fpsS IÆpw ImXpw BI¿jn°p∂ sshhn-[y-am¿∂ nc-¥c
]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ. Cu kwcw-`-߃s°√mw kap-Zm-b-Øn¬-n-∂v kam-l-cn®v hnn-
tbm-Kn-°p∂ kº-Øn-s‚bpw apjy tijn-bp-sSbpw Hcp IW-s°-Sp∏p t]mepw
km[y-am-hmsX h∂n-cn-°p∂p.
apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Ønse kwL-S--Isf Ae´p∂Xv, kmwkvIm-cnI Po-
¿W-X-I-tfm kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ Ac-£n-Xm-h-ÿtbm kmaq-lnI ]n∂m-°m-h-
ÿtbm H∂pa√. XßfpsS Imº-bn-p-Iƒ°v {]mk-sam-∏n® Xe-hm-N-I-߃
In´m-Ø-Xpw t]mÿ Unssk-nw-Kv BI¿j-I-am-Im-Ø-Xpw eLp teJ-Iƒ ka-
bØv FgpXn In´m-Ø-Xpw Npa-sc-gpØnv A£-c-ß-fpsS t^m≠v n-¿W-bn-
°m≥ km[n-°m-Ø-Xp-a-S-°-ap≈ {]iv-ß-fnemWv tXm-°-fpsS Xe ]pI-
bp∂-Xv. Ah¿°v as‰m-∂ns Ipdn®v Nn¥n-°m≥ ka-b-an-√. C{X-b-[nIw hn`h
hnn-tbmKw S-Øn-bn´pw apkvenw kwL-S--I-fpsS hrØ-Øn¬ sN∂v tNcp-
∂-h-cm-hs´ tc-sØ-Xs∂ AXym-hiyw Zopw kw-kv-Im-chpw D≈- Bfp-Ifpw.
Ahsc Xs∂ ho≠pw ho≠pw Ipfn-∏n-°p-I-b-√msX, Zons‚ Awiteiw
t]mepan√mØ A-t-I e£w ma-[m-cn-Isf kwkvI-cn-°m-p≈ F¥v kwhn-
[m--amWv aX kwL-S--Iƒ°p-≈-Xv? apIƒ `mKØv kwL-S--Iƒ Ckvem-
ans IØn®v n¿Øp-tºmƒ ASn-`m-KØv {Inan--ep-I-fmWv P∑wsIm≈p-∂-
Bbn-cØn mq‰n ap∏Ønsbm∂v k^¿ ]Xn-mev

2. sX∂ bmYm¿Yyw C-nbpw Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ ka-b-am-bn-´n-t√?
Nne kwL-S--IfpsS -{]-`m-j-W-ß-fpsSbpw Fgp-Øp-IfpsSbpw ap-°m¬
`mK-hpw Xß-fpsS {]Xn-tbm-Kn-Isf ssIImcyw sNøm-p-≈Xm-Wv. ap-kvenw kap-
-
Zm-bØns‚ kwkvIcWØnpXIp∂ kmtcm-]tZ-i߃°v ]Icw i{Xp-XbpsS
- - - - - - -
hnIm-c-amWv hm-Kv-t[m-c-Wn-I-fmbn n¿K-fn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu ]S-tbm-´-Øn¬ apkvenw
kap-Zm-b-Øn--IØv Dd∂v s]mßp∂ Ip‰IrXy-߃ aq°nv ap´n-bn´pw Zp¿K-
‘-a-p-`-h-s∏-SmØ hn[w kwL-Sm hmin Hcp Xcw lc-ambn amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
Cu B-fl-c-Xn-bmWv {]h¿Ø--߃°v {]-tNm-Z--amIp∂-Xv. apkvenw kap-Zm-b-
Øns‚ kwkvI-cWw apJy e£y-am°n hn]p-e-amb I¿a ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fm-hn-jvI-
cn-°m≥ Cnbpw kwL-Sm tXr-Xz-߃ cwKØp h∂n-s√-¶n¬ F¥m-bn-cn°pw
`mhn-sb∂v Nn¥n-°m≥ henb Kth-jWsam∂pw B-h-iy-an-√. Ckvem-anI kaq-
l-Øns‚ apJ-ap-{Z-bmb khn-tij aqey-kw-lnX jvS-s∏-Sp-Ibpw AXv PohnX
amXr-IIfn-√msX A£-cßfnepw hm°p-Ifnepw Ah-ti-jn-°p-IbpamWv sNøp-
- - - - - -
I. Ckvem-anI {]t_m-[--Øns‚ apJy am[yaw Pohn-X-am-sW∂mWv {]hm-N-
I∑m¿ ap°v Im-Wn®pX∂ amXr-I.- C∂Xv ]pkvX-I-ßfnepw Imk-‰p-Ifnep-
ambn HXpßnbn-cn-°p-∂p. amXrIm Pohn-X-Øns‚ A-km-∂n-[y-Øn¬ tIhew
]pkvX-I-߃-°pw {]`m-j-W-߃°pw Cu ZuXyw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°m≥ km[y-a-
√.
Dƒ`mKw Xf-cp∂ kap-Zmbw
Nn-X¬ ac-Ø-Sn-Isf XI¿°p-∂-Xp t]mse A[m¿an-I-X-bpsS then-tb-
‰w kap-Zm-b-Øn-Iw Im¿∂p Xn∂p-I-bm-Wv. amh kaq-l-Øns‚ am¿KZ¿i--
Ønv Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬∏n-°-s∏´ D-Øa kaq-l-amWt√m apkvenw-Iƒ.
""P-߃°v th≠n ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´ DØa kap-Zm-b-amWv n߃. n-
߃ ∑ I¬∏n-°p∂p, Xn∑ hntcm-[n-°p∂p, A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂p'' (-
Bep -Cw-dm≥ 110).
F∂m¬ F¥mWv Cu kap-Zm-bØns‚ s]mXpNn{Xw? el-cn-bpw ssewKnI
-
AcmP-I-Xz-hpw kmº-ØnI Ip‰IrXy-ß-fp-a-S°w Cu kap-Zm-b-Øn-v A¿l-X-
bn¬ IqSp-X¬ kwh-cWw In´mØ GXv taJ-e-bmWv C∂p-≈-Xv? GXp {]tZ-
iØpw bphm-°fnsemcp hn-`mKw aZy-Ønpw el-cn°pw ASn-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. aZyw
-
G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ hn‰-gn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Znh-k-ß-fn¬ Ccp s]cp-∂m-fp-Ifpw Dƒs∏-Sp-
sa∂ hm¿Ø B-¿°pw sR´ep-≠m-°p-∂n-√. kº-∂s‚ ho´nse {^nUvPnepw
]qgn-sØm-gn-em-fn-bpsS ]pgh°sØ amf-Ønepw aZy Ip-∏n-I-fpsS FÆw IqSn
hcn-I-bm-Wv. Hcp al-√n¬ n›-bn-°-s∏´ hnhmlw h-c≥ aZy-]m-n-bm-sW-∂-
dn™v th¿]n-cn-bm≥ Xocp-am-n® am[yÿ kZ- n¬ h[pho´p-Im¿ m´nse
aX tXr-Xz-tØmSv tNmZn-®p, CXv n߃s°√mw tcsØ Adn-bp∂ Imcy-
am-bn-cp-∂n´pw nß-sf-¥p-sIm≠v Rß-tfmSv ]d-™n-√? CsX√mw ap≥t] ]d-
bm≥ Xocp-am-n-®m¬ ChnsS s√mcp iX-amw bp-hm-°ƒ°pw IeymWw Xs∂
S°n-s√∂mbn-cp∂p adp-]Sn. kap-Zmb t-XrXzw kwL-Sn-∏n-°p∂ {]I-S߃
- - -
hsc A{I-a-Øn¬ Iem-in-°p∂Xns‚ Imc-W-ß-fn-sem∂v aZy-]m--am-sW∂
hnhcw sR´-temsS mw tIƒ°p-∂p.
ssewKnI Acm-P-I-Xzhpw a‰pw- C∂se hsc hnZqc hm¿Ø-Ifmbn-cp-∂p.
c≠m-bn-c-Øn-]Øv Pp-hcn ap∏Xv

3. C∂h m´nepw ho´nepw ImWp∂ kw`-h-ß-fmbn amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ap-kv-enw
hoSp-I-fn¬n∂v Cdßnt∏mIp-∂-h-cpsS FÆw Ipd-hm-sW-¶nepw {I-ta-W IqSn
hcn-Ibm-Wv. X߃ t]m‰n-hf¿Ønb aIƒ Imap-Itm-sSm∏w t]mhp-Ibm-sW∂v
- - - -
tImS-Xn-bn¬ {]Jym-]n-°p-∂tXmsS Xe Idßn hogp-∂- amXm-]n-Xm-°fpsS FÆw
- -
IqSn hcn-I-bm-sW-∂¿Yw. Sn.hnbpw C‚¿s‰pw sam-ss_¬ t^mWp-a-S-°-ap≈
kwhn-[m--߃ H-cp-]mSv kuI-cy-߃ ¬Ip-∂p-s≠-¶nepw Ah krjvSn-°p∂
kmw-kv-Im-cnI XI¿®-bpsS Bgw ]ecpw Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂n-√. bqtdm]y≥ kwkvIm-
c-sØ Bth-i-tØmsS ImWp∂ {In-kv-Xy≥ kaqlw t]mepw Xß-fpsS CS-h-
I-I-fn¬ el-cn°pw Zriy-am-[y-a-߃-°p-sa-Xnsc {]Xn-tcm[w i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øm-
mWv {ian-°p-∂-Xv.
Hcp apkvenw amt-Pvsa‚ v lb¿ sk°‚dn kvIqfnse s]¨Ip-´n-I-fp-sS
]pkvXIw ]cn-tim-[n-® A[ym-]I¿°v e`n-®Xv A«o-e kn-Un-Ifm-bn-cp-∂p. Kƒ^v
- -
]W-a-S-°-ap≈ `uXnI kuI-cy-ß-fpsS hf¿® ap-kv-enw IpSpw-_-ß-fn¬ ∑-
tb-°mƒ Xn∑-bmWv hf¿Øn-bXv. awK-em-]p-cØv n-∂v Xncp-h¥]p-ctØ-°p≈
- - - - -
s{Sbn≥ bm{X-Iƒ nco-£n-®mepw ]pXnb Xe-ap-dbpsS PohnXw ]®-bmbn ap°v
-
Z¿-in-°mw. Cu kap-Zm-b-Øn--IØv s]‰p-s]-cp-Ip∂ Xn∑I-ƒ XS-bp-∂-Xnp≈
hgn Atz-jn-°p-∂-Xnp ]Icw ]c-kv-]c hna¿i--ß-fnepw Jfi afi--
ß-fnepw F√mw ad∂v A`n-c-an-°p-I-bmWv kwL-S--Iƒ.
{i≤tI{µo-I-cn-t°-≠Xv ASn-Ø-´n-emWv
ΩpsS hoSpw al√pw tI{µo-I-cn®v hyh-ÿm-]n-X-ab Nne {]h¿Ø--
߃ S-°-Ww. A`n-{]mb `n∂-X-Iƒ°n-S-bnepw s]mXp Imcy-ß-fn¬ tbmPn-
°Wsa∂ A`n-{]mbw Cu A-SpØ Ime-ß-fn¬ kwL-Sm tXm-°ƒ°n-S-bn-
¬ i‡n-s∏-´n´p-≠v. ap-kv-enw kap-Zm-b- kwkvI-c-W-Øn¬ apJy ]¶v hln-t°≠
aZvdkm kwhn-[mw t]mepw C∂v Cu e£yw tSp-∂-Xn¬ th≠{X hnP-bn-®n-
´n-√. ImcWw, a-Zv-d-km ]T--ØneqsS e`n-°p∂ Ckvem-anI aqey-߃°v ho´n¬
{]mtbm-KnI amXr-I-Isfm∂pw Ip´n-Iƒ ImWp∂n-√. F∂√ Cu aqey-ß-ƒ°v
t¿ hncp-≤-amb Imcy-߃ Ip´n-Iƒ Im-Wp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. Pnhn-X-Øns‚
hen-sbm-cp-`mKw Xs‚- IqsS Ignbp∂ Ip-´n°v in£Ww ¬Im≥ H∂pw sN-
ømØ amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ H∂c aWn-°q¿ ka-bsØ aX]Tw sIm≠v F√mw
]q¿Øn-bm-sb∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂p.
Ckvem-anI kmaqlnI kwhn-[m--Øns‚ G‰hpw ^e-{]-Z-amb bqn-‰mWv
al-√v. CXnv tXrXzw ¬-Ip-∂ aX kwL-SIƒ Kuc-htØmsS al√v kwhn-
- - -
[m-sØ ImWp-Ibpw D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw thWw. CØcw thZn-Isf
D]-tbm-K-s∏-SpØn ^e-{]-Z-amb Nne I¿a ]cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ°v XpS°w Ipdn-®n-s√-
¶n¬ AIw Po¿Wn®v ]p-dw-`wKn -am{Xap≈ kap-Zm-b-ambn apkvenw-Iƒ amdpw.
]≈n Cam-ap-Isf apgp-h≥ kwkvI-c-W-Ønv tXrXzw sImSp-°p-∂ apd-∫n-I-
fmbn n›-bn-°-Ww. sh-≈n-bmgvN ]≈n anº-dp-I-fpsS apI-fn-epw XmgØpw S-
°p∂ Jp-Xzv_-Ifpw {]`m-j-W-ßfpw kap-Zmb kwkvI-c-W-Ønv D]-I-cn-°p-
∂Xv IqSn-bm-I-Ww. hm°p-Isf {]Xn-tbm-Kn-I-fpsS s©n-te-°p≈ Bbp-[-
am°n {]tbm-Kn-°p∂ Im¿°-iy-Øns‚ coXn-Iƒ am‰n ∑-bn-te°v hnizm-knsb
hgnS-Øp-∂-Xn-v {]tNm-Z--am-I-Ww Ah. `uXn-I-X-bpsS IpsØm-gp-°n¬ ]nSn-
Bbn-cØn mq‰n ap∏Ønsbm∂v k^¿ ]Xn-mev

4. ®p-n-¬-°m≥ ]mSp-s]-Sp∂ hnizm-kn°v C∂v e`n-°p-∂Xv ∑-bn-te°v bn-
t°≠ kZp]-tZ-i-߃°p]-Icw I¿a-im-kv-{X hnj-b-ßfpsS aw aSp-∏n-°p-
∂ B-h¿Ø-hpw tZio-b A¥¿tZ-io-b, B-p-Im-en-I-ß-fn¬ am{Xw Id-ßp-
∂ -kw-km-chp-am-Wv. A√m-lphpw ]c-temI hn-izm-k-hp-amWv hnizm-knsb Nen-
∏n-°p-∂ Bflob am{¥nI-X-bpsS apJy C-sa∂v ]ecpw ad-∂n-cn-°p-∂p.
kzbw im‡o-I-cWw S-°-Ww
tIc-f-Ønse apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ ]n∂m-°m-hÿ k®m¿ Iao-js‚
shfn-®-Øn¬ henb N¿®-bm-bXm-Wv. AXnv apºp Xs∂ imkv{X kmlnXy
]cn-jØv Cd-°nb tIcf ]T dnt∏m¿´nepw a‰p PmXn kap-Zm-b-ß-sf-°mfpw
Xmsg-bmWv apkvenw k-ap-Zmbsa∂v hne-bn-cp-Øp-Ibp-≠m-bn. k¿°m¿ Xe-Øn¬
-
S-t°≠ yq-]-£ D∂-a bXv-߃°v th≠n kw-L-Sn-°mpw i_vZn-
°mpw km[n-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w, kap-Zm-b-Øn--IØp n-∂p≈ hn`-h-ßsf D]-
tbm-K-s∏-SpØn kzbw im‡o-I-cWw tSmp≈ {ia-ßfpw kam-¥-c-ambn S-
t°-≠-Xt√? D¬]-XnjvWp hn`m-K-߃ S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ kwL-SnX
kImØv hnX-cWw th≠{X IqSn-bm-tem-Nbpw B-kq-{X-Whp-ap-s≠-¶n¬, Nmf-
- -
I-fnepw tN-cn-I-fnepw Ign-™p-Iq-Sp∂ nc-h[n ap-jysc c£-s∏-Sp-Ømp≈
Hcp kwhn-[m--ambn AXns hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°m-mhpw. kwL-S--Iƒ H∂n-®n-
cp∂v t{]m-P-IvSp-Iƒ Xbm-dm-°n Ah hoXn-s®-Sp-Øv ]q¿Øo-I-cn®m¬ kwL-S-
-Iƒ°v Iq´m-bva-bnepw kz¥w AkvXnXzw n-en¿Øn-s°m≠p Xs∂ kap-
Zm-b-Øn-v tkhw sNøm≥ km[n-°pw. K-c-ß-fn¬ am{Xw Hmtcm h¿jhpw
50 tImSn-bn-e-[nIw cq] kwL-SnX kIm-Øn-eqsS am{Xw tiJ-cn®v hnX-cWw
sNøp-∂p-≠v. CX-√mØ cq]-Øn¬ hy-‡n-Iƒ CXn-e-[nIw cq] kIm-Øn-
Øn¬ sNe-h-gn-°p-∂p. CsX√mw tN-¿Øv e£yt_m[-tØmsS kap-Zmbw S-
Øp∂ kmº-ØnI klm-bßsf {Iao-Icn-°p-Ibm-sW-¶n¬ Hcp n›nX Imew-
- - -
sIm≠v henb am‰w D≠m-°m≥ km[n-°pw. kz¥w tijn t]mepw ^e-{]Z-
ambn hnn-tbm-Kn-°m-≥ Btem-N SØmØ-h¿°v, tc-{µpw k®mdpw ]mtem-
fnbpw Ah-kmw an{im Iao-j-pw AS°w BIm-iØv n∂v tX≥ag Cd-
ßpsa∂v {]Xo-£n-°p-I-b-√msX C-∂sØ kml-N-cy-Øn¬ as‰m∂pw {]-Xo-
£n°m-m-hn-√.
ne-hn-ep≈ k¿°m¿ klm-b-߃ Xs∂ A¿l-cm-b-h¿°v e`y-am-°m≥
bmsXmcp kwhn-[m-hpw kap-Zmbw sNbvXn-´n-√. a‰p kap-Zm-b-߃ Ah-Imi
ka-c-tØm-sSm∏w, e`n® A-h-Im-i-߃ IrXy-ambn D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p. e`n® k¿°m¿ klm-b-ß-fpsS Ccp-]-Øn-b©v iX-am-w t]mepw
D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ Ign-bmØ Ah-ÿ-bm-Wp-≈-Xv. Hmtcm h¿jhpw hnhn-[-bn--
Øn¬ {]Jym-]n-°-s∏-Sp∂ k¿°m¿ klm-b-ß-fpsS IW°v ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬
CXv hy‡-am-hpw. ^nj-dokv hIp∏v am{Xw apºn¬ sh®v Hcp sNdnb ]Tw S-
Øn-bt∏mƒ Cubp-≈hv CXv t_m[y-s∏-´Xm-Wv. C{X-sbm∂pw kwL-SnX kz`m-
- -
h-an-√mØ PmXn kap-Zm-b-߃ t]mepw Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ ap∂n-em-Wv. kwL-S-
-Iƒ°pw al-√p-Iƒ°pw S-∏m-°m≥ ]‰p∂ C-Øcw tkh {]h¿Ø--߃
Ah-cp-sS {i≤-bnte hcp∂n-√. kz¥w al-√nse apjytijn hnI-kn-∏n-°m-
p-≈ bmsXmcp {]h¿Ø--hpw S-°p∂n-√. dntkmgvkv Uh-e-]vsa‚ v kap-Zmbw
c≠m-bn-c-Øn-]Øv Pp-hcn ap∏Xv

5. Xo¿Øpw Ah-K-Wn-® hnj-b-am-Wv. hn-h-chpw tbmKy-X-bp-ap-≈ F∂m¬ kw-L-
Sm hrØ-Øn¬ s]Sm-Ø- Bfp-I-sf D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ H´pw Xm¬]-cy-an-√.
AXp-hgn s√mcp iX-amw tbmKy-cpsS tkhw kap-Zm-b-Ønv e`n-°m-sX
t]mIp-∂p. B`y-¥c tijn h¿[n-∏n®v kzbw im‡o-I-c-W-Ønv {ian-°mØ
Hcp P-X, Ah-Im-i-߃ a‰m-sc-¶nepw Xfn-I-bn¬ sh®pXcp-sa-∂v {]Xo-£n-
°p-I-b-√msX as‰¥v sN-øm-mWv!
s]mXpkaq-l-Øns‚ sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ
kap-Zm-bØns‚ AIw h¿Ø-am-߃ CXm-sW-¶n¬ s]mXpkaq-lØn¬
- - -
]pXnb sh√p-hn-fn-Ifpw {]Xn-k-‘n-I-fp-amWv kao] ImeØv cq]-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-
Xv. Xo{h-hmZ {]Nm-c-W-ß-fp-sS i‡n h¿[n-®ncn-°p-∂p. kz¥w kmwkvIm-cnI
Nn”-߃ t]mepw CX-c kaq-l-߃ `b-tØmsS ho£n-°p-∂ Ah-ÿ-bm-Wp-
≈-Xv. kap-Zm-bsØ A]ch¬°-cn-°m-≥ Hcp-]‰w am[ya-ß-fpw nba ]me-
Icpw nb-a-⁄cpw cmjv{Sob tXm-°-fp-sa√mw Cd-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂p. Cu kml-
N-cysØ Fßs A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°pw F∂-Xns Ipdn®p t]mepw Kuc-h-X-c-
amb Btem-N--Iƒ S-°p-∂n-√. tIc-fob kmaq-lnI, kmw-kvIm-cnI hf¿®-
bn¬ Af-h‰ kw`m-h--Iƒ A¿∏n® Hcp kap-Zmbw Ay-h¬°-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂
Ah-ÿsb s]m-Xp Iq´m-bva-bn-eqsS AXn-P-bn-°m≥ k-ap-Zm-b-Ønv km[n-°-
Ww. eu Pn-lm-Zpw XSn-b‚hnS ko-dpw kq^nbm a-AvZnbp-sa√mw H‰s∏´
kw`-hßfm-sW-¶nepw, CsX√mw tN¿Øp sh® hmb-Iƒ s]mXpkaq-lØn¬
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S-°p-Ibpw CØcw Hcp kml-Ncyw t_m[-]q¿hw krjvSn-°s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-
-
∂p-≠v. Cu kml-N-cysØ icn-bmbn hne-bn-cp-Øm≥ t]mepw kwL-Sm ]£-
]m-XnXzw Xe°p ]nSn® kwL-S--Iƒ°v Ign-bp-∂n-√. kz¥w kap-Zm-b-Øn¬
{]Xn-Isf krjvSn®v Ahsc a‰p-≈-h¿°v Nq≠n-°m-Wn®v sImSp-°p-∂-Xn-em-
Wv kwL-S--Iƒ Du‰w sIm-≈p-∂Xv. Cu Btcm-]-W-߃°v ]n∂n-ep≈
kmaqlnI Xm¬]-cy-ßfpw tZ-iob ^mjnÃv KqVm-tem-N--Ifpw I-s≠-Øp-∂-
Xn¬ tXm-°ƒ°v H´pw Xm¬]-cy-an-√.
sXmÆq-dp-Iƒ°v tij-ap≈ tZ-iob kml-N-cysØ bmYm¿Yy-t_m-[-
tØmsS A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°m≥ apkvenw DΩ-Ønv km[n-°mØ-Xns‚ ]m¿iz ^e-
ß-ƒ IqSn-bmWv C∂sØ kml-N-cy-ß-sf-∂Xv hnkva-cn-°m≥ ]mSn-√. {]iv-
ßsf Xo{h-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw AtX-k-abw {]mtbm-KnI ]cn-lm-c-ßfpw
Znimt_m[-hp-am-{K-ln-°p-∂ kap-Zm-bØnv AXv ¬Im-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬
-
krjvSn-°s∏-Sp∂Xv Ac-£n-Xm-hÿbm-bn-cn-°pw. AXn-n-Sbn¬ Hmtcm I£nbpw
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kz¥w CPvXn-lmZpambn Cd-ßn-bm¬ cwKw IqSp-X¬ hj-fm-hp-Ibpw sNøpw.
kml-Ncy-߃ Ac-£n-Xm-hÿbnte°v hgn-am-dn-t∏m-ImsX, Btcm-]W߃°v
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apºn¬ Io-gSßmsX kz¥w hgn-bn-eqsS [oc-ambn apt∂m´p t]mIm≥ IgnbWw.
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Hmtcm L´-Ønepw cq]-s∏-Sp∂ kml-Ncy-ßsf adn-IS-°m-p≈ IcpØpw Bfl-
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hn-izm-khpw ]I-cm≥ apkvenw tXr-Xz-Øn-p- _m[y-Xbp≠v. Zni n¿W-bn-°p-
t∂-SØv kap-Zmb tXrXzw ImWn-°p∂ A{i-≤-bmWv kap-Zmbw hgn-am-dn S-
°p-∂-Xns‚ {][m Imc-Ww. kw-L-S--Iƒ Xs∂ kap-Zm-b-Øn--IØv Xo{h-
hm-Zn-Isf Is≠Øn- Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ Bthiw ImWn-°p-tºmƒ, Cu KqVm-
tem-N--bpsS n¿am-Xm-°ƒ c£-s∏-Sp-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-sX∂ kmam-y-t_m[w
t]mepw apkvenw kwL-Sm tXrXzØnv C√msX t]mhp-I-bm-Wv. apkvenw
Bbn-cØn mq‰n ap∏Ønsbm∂v k^¿ ]Xn-mev

6. kwL-S--Iƒ Xs∂ Sp tdm-Un¬ ktΩ-fw kwL-Sn-∏n®v {]Xn-tbm-Kn-Iƒ
D∂-bn-°p∂ AtX Btcm-]Ww Xß-fpsS Iq´-Ønse as‰mcp kwL-S--s°-
Xnsc D∂-bn-°p-tºmƒ AXp-≠m-°p∂ Zqchym]-Iamb {]Xy-Lm-Xßsf-°pdn®v
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A¬]w t]mepw Nn-¥n-°m-Ø-sX-¥v? CØcw Btcm-]-W-߃ F√m-hsc
Ipdn®pw F√m-hcpw D-∂-bn-°m≥ XpS-ßn-bm¬ ^mjnÃv B-tcm-]-W-߃ icn-
bm-sW∂ nK-a--Øn-seØpw s]mXp-k-aq-lw. CXv Ah-cpsS D]-I-c-W-ß-fmbn
h¿Øn-°p∂ Zriy, {imhy am[y-a߃°pw hgn Ffp-∏am°n sImSp-°pw. CØcw
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hnj-b-߃ Btem-Nn-°m≥ kwL-Sm t-XrXz߃ Cnbpw H´pw sshIm≥
]m-Sn-√mØXm-Wv.
c≠m-bn-c-Øn-]Øv Pp-hcn ap∏Xv