journal-club-assignment in public health

Journal Club Presentation
Presented By:
Name: Renu Ghimire
Roll No: 19
BPH, VIII Semester, SHAS, PU.
12/11/2020 Renu Ghimire 1

Presented for the partial fulfillment of requirement
of
PHA 451 Journal Club/Health Seminar
of
Bachelor of Public Health, VIII Semester,
School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University
under the cardinal supervision of
Assistant Professor Dr. Hari Prasad Kaphle
By
Renu Ghimire,
Symbol number: 17370196,
PU registration number: 2016-1-37-0120

Selected Article for Presentation
“ Elderly Abuse experienced by older adults living prior to living in Old
Age Homes of Kathmandu; a cross sectional study. Journal of
Gerontology and Geriatric Research.”
• Published on: 2018
• Volume 7, Issue 1
• 5 Pages
Keywords: Ageing; Elderly abuse; Neglect; Sexual abuse; Old age
homes

Journal Information
Journal of Gerontology and Geriatric Research
Open
access
Peer
reviewed
Impact factor 2019-2020: 0.182 (SJR)
ISSN:
2167-7182
Manuscript: Online
submission
Article publishing
charge is required
DOI: 10.4172/2167-
7182.1000460
Indexing: 12
sites

Journal Information
Focuses on areas such as aging population, geriatric anesthesia,
psychiatry, neurology, rehabilitation, and rheumatology with geriatric
oncology and care management.
Uses the Editorial Tracking System for quality in the peer review
process.
Uses a single-blind peer review system, in which both authors and
reviewers are anonymous.

Editors
• Editor in Chief - Sean Xiao Leng, MD, PhD
-Associate Professor, Department of Medicine John Hopkins University,
Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology.
Editorial Border consist of 2 Executive Editors and other 60 editors.
• Executive Editor- Craig S. Atwood, PhD
-Associate Professor at University of Wisconsin, USA
• Executive Editor- Gal Bitan
-Associate Professor at University of California, USA

Indexed/Abstracted- In 12 sites
• Index Copernicus
• Google Scholar
• Sherpa Romeo
• Open J Gate
• Genamics Journal Seek
• Safety Lit
• Reefseek
• Hamdard University
• Geneva Foundation for Medical Education and Research
• EBSCO A-Z
• Publons
• World Cat

Manuscript/Article Submission Process
• First of all, submission of the manuscript is done by the interested
authors through the site:
https://www.longdom.org/submissions/gerontology-geriatric-
research.html or send as an e-mail attachment to the Editorial Office at
editor@longdom.org.
• Manuscripts number will be provided to the corresponding author
within 72 hours for the respective manuscript submitted.
• 21 day rapid review process with international peer-review standards.
• Timeline of processing from Submission to Publication is 45 days.
• Manuscript will be published within 7days of acceptance.

Article Processing Charges
Manuscript Type Charges in EURO
Regular Articles 1705
Special Issue Article 2259

Critical Appraisal of Journal
• Easy accessibility of the article
• Uses Editorial Tracking System for quality in the peer review process.
• Reliable journal( peer reviewed)
• Irregular Article Publishing Frequency
• Has a proper article submission guideline.

Tittle of Article
• Elderly Abuse experienced by older adults living prior to living in Old
Age Homes of Kathmandu

Critical Appraisal of Tittle
• Clear indication of the focus of the study.
• No clear indication of the research question.
• Gives clear idea about the study population and study setting.
• Number of words used is appropriate.
• No indication about the design of the study.

Authors
• Sunita Rai
 Associated with Padma Kanya Multiple Campus, Bagbajar, Kathmandu
and Central Department of Sociology/Anthropology, Tribhuwan University
• Prakriti Khanal
Research Assistant at University of Wisconsin-Department of Civil and
Environment Engineering
• Homnath Chalise
 PhD: Social Gerontology, The University of Tokyo, Japan MA: Population
Studies BSc: Physics, Statistics, Math
Visiting Professor at Tribhuwan University, Central Deartment of
Population Studies

Critical Appraisal of Authors
• Name of the authors are well- mentioned.
• Unclear mention about author’s credentials.
• National as well as international affiliation of authors.
• Area of expertise of author is also not mentioned.

Abstract

Critical Appraisal of Abstract
• Indicative abstract.
• Short in length but complete and meaningful based on content.
• Extracted from the article.

Introduction
• Elderly abuse is a new public health problem as it is often ignored,
unreported and underreported because it is rather seen as a private
family affair.
In developing countries the abuse rate is up to 14%.
• Forms of abuse
Physical, Sexual, Emotional, Economical and Caregiver’s neglect.
• Factors affecting abuse
Age, Education, Marital status, Occupation and Health status.

Contd.
• According to the research, there is high increment of old age homes
and elderly abuse could be one of the reason.
• Aim
Finding the prevalence of elderly abuse and factors associated.
• Research Hypothesis
Elderly with old age, low economic status, poor health, low education
and disability are more likely to be abused.

Critical Appraisal of Introduction
• Proper reasoning for the purpose of the research
• Well described and logically presented
• Built after existing literature review
• Clear objectives and research hypothesis
• Proper citation

Materials and methods
• Study approval: Research committee of the department of Sociology
and Anthropology in Padma Kanya Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan
University, Nepal.
• Study design: Cross-sectional study design
• Study method: Both qualitative and quantitative
• Study population: Old age people residing in selected old age homes
who were 60 years and above.
• Use of face-to-face method of interview with semi structured
questionnaire for data collection. It has also collected qualitative data
through case studies
• Verbal informed consent was taken from the respondents.

Critical Appraisal of Materials and Methods
• Verbal informed consent taken before the interview.
• Mention about the dependent and independent variables to be studied.
• Use of questionnaire based on study settings.
• Data management through different statistical tools like Frequency
table, percentage, mean and Chi- square test.
• Inclusion and exclusion criteria both are clearly mentioned.
• Sampling technique for selecting old age home is not mentioned.

Results
• 58% of respondents had experienced at least one form of elderly abuse
before they came to old age homes.
• Among abused elderly, neglect was the most common one which was
experienced by 47%of the respondents followed by emotional abuse
(37%), financial abuse (32%), physical abuse (8%) like beating,
pushing etc and 3% of abused elderly reported that they were sexually
abused.

Result Contd..
• Main reasons of elderly abuse faced by abused elderly were disability
(42%), absence of partner i.e husband/wife (28%), lack of care taker
(20%) and 16% reported they had no property.
• This study showed no significant association between the
socioeconomic characteristics and elderly abuse.

Critical Appraisal of Results
• Results are found according to the aim of the study.
• Systematic presentation of data on the table.
• Full-filled aims and objective of the study.
• Well-described and logical.
• Use of lengthy table which makes the outlook a bit messy.
• Includes case studies as well which has further made the study easy to
understand.

Discussion
• Research on the abuse of elderly in Nepal is very scant.
• The experience of prevalence of elder abuse by their family members
is quite high among elderly living in old age home before they come to
old age home which may be one of the reasons why many older adults
are attracted towards old age home in Kathmandu.
• This shows that the abuse of the elderly has an impact on the health
and well-being of elders and can lead to increased health care costs
nationwide therefore appropriate action should be taken collectively to
settle elderly in their own community through some policy
intervention.

Critical Appraisal of Discussion
• Informative and well- described.
• Has majorly interpreted and explained the results obtained.
• Lacks comparison with similar studies.
• Inferences are drawn according to the population and test used
accordingly.
• Discussion would have been more fruitful if triangulation of both
qualitative and quantitative data was done.

Conclusion
• This study found elderly having experience of elder abuse was very
high (i.e58%) prior they come to old age home in the Kathmandu
• Socio-economic characteristics like sex, educational status, marital
status, economic status, occupation, age and disability have no impact
on the abuse elderly people experience.
• Recommendations
Government should also take appropriate action to secure quality of
life of elderly before the problem of elderly abuse get chronic for the
poor country like Nepal where we generally assume that elderly are
having good time with their children.
A detailed in-depth study is necessary to know the real situation of
elderly abuse of older adults living in urban area.

Critical Appraisal of Conclusion
• Meaningful conclusions along with well supported results
• Based on aim and objective of the study.
• Has answered the research questions.
• Has made appropriate recommendations.
• The conclusions can be believed but not generalized.

References

Critical Appraisal of References
• Proper numbering of the reference materials.
• Vancouver style of referencing.
• Citation and references match with each other.

Strengths
• It highlights the high prevalence of elderly abuse and the reason for
living in old age homes.
• It has illuminated the issue of elderly abuse and the problem they face,
which is still regarded as a private matter in a family
• It has used census method for the participant selection.
• It has shown a need for research in case of elderly abuse in community
settings as well.
• It has opened the research floor for new researchers.

Weaknesses
• This is a cross-sectional study and causality cannot be assumed.
• Old age homes are selected only from Kathmandu valley and cannot
be generalized for all other older adults living in old age homes.
• Data collected through face to face interview may have the possibility
of asking bias.
• Sample size is not big enough for the statistical test.
• No clear mention about the tools used in the study.

Overall significance of the article
• Elderly abuse is a neglected topic and very less research have been
conducted. This study is an eye opener that elderly population are
more vulnerable.
• Findings are believable as the study was approved by the Research
committee of the department of Sociology and Anthropology in Padma
Kanya Multiple Campus, Tribhuvan University, Nepal
• Contribute to the scientific society by opening the floor for further
research.
• Literature review for writing research proposal.
• New research question generated- “What is the prevalence rate of
elderly abuse in community settings?”

Significance for my research
• Provides guideline for my research
• Results obtained here can be used for the comparison of the study.
• More idea generation regarding associated factors related to Elderly
abuse.
• Helps to minimize the errors in my study.
• New research question generated.

Questions?
Quarries?
Suggestions?
Feedbacks?

Thank You!

journal-club-assignment in public health

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