The study includes village survey, household survey, PRA tools, community mobilization, micro-planning.

1. Action Research Segment (ARS)
Host Organisation : SEWAK (Self Employed Workers’ Association Kendra) Place: Sundargarh, Odisha
Guided by
Prof. Damodar Jena
Presented by
Henna Ahuja (20201025)
Paulus Oreya (20201040)
Siddhanta Sarangi (20201065)

2. Sustainability
Organisation Segment
Village Segment
NSS Activity
Contents
 Introduction to host organisation
 Organisation Assignments
 Village Survey
 Household Survey
 PRA Tools
 Micro-Planning
 Distribution of Masks
 Covid-19 Awareness Programme in School
 Covid-19 Awareness Programme in Anganwadi
 Poster for school children for Hand-washing steps & Do’s – Don’ts
as prevention measures
Learnings from ARS
Objectives of ARS

3. Objectives of ARS
Sustainability
In terms of livelihoods, farming
Analyze the Problems & find Solutions
To analyze the problems they are facing &
find out the reasons for providing
suitable solutions to those problems
Livelihood system of the village
The different livelihoods of
villagers throughout the year
Community Mobilization
To learn community mobilization
To understand the socio-economic &
cultural behaviour of the people
residing in the village
Practical Learning
Socio-economic & cultural behaviour
To have a practical learning & a
good exposure of village life

4. OrganisationSegment
Organisation Name – SEWAK (Self Employed Workers’ Association Kendra)
Sundargarh, Odisha
1 2 3 4
VILLAGE SURVEY
We did Focus Study
Discussion with VSS &
SHG members to know
about the village
HH SURVEY
We did a survey using
Interview Schedule of 60
HHs in Brahmanmara
village
We learnt and conducted
few PRA Tools along with
Coordinator of SEWAK
and community of
Brahmanmara
MICRO-PLANNING
Preparation of a micro
plan based on problem
prioritization & PRA tools
PRA TOOLS
VILLAGE SEGMENT

5. Odisha
Sundargarh
Balisankara
State
Block
District
Brahmanmara
Village

6. AGENDA
SLIDE
Transact Walk
01
Social Map
02
Resource Map
03
Forest Map
04
05
PRA Tools to study the village
Historical Timeline
Venn Diagram
06

8. Transect Walk of Brahmanmara

9. Social Map of Brahmanmara

10. AGENDA
SLIDE
Social Map of Brahmanmara
• No of Households: 187
• No of HH on the basis of Religion: Hindu – 187
• No of HH on the basis of social groups: SC – 6 ST – 112 Others – 69
• Total no of HH connected with electricity: 182 ( 5 HH do not have
electricity )
Type of
Work
Daily wage
of Male
Daily wage
of Female
Construction Rs 200 Rs 200
Agriculture Rs 150 Rs 120
MGNREGA Rs 303.40 Rs 303.40
• Total no of women headed HH: 4
• Women who are part of SHG have to attend a minimum of 24 out of
48 meetings in a year
• Women who are part of SHG are more aware of their household
finances, government schemes, village development
• Households whose women are part of the SHG have access to small
loans from SHGs (this has helped them during pandemic time)

11. Sources of
Water
Bathing Drinking Irrigation
River No No No
Canal No No No
Stream/Nala Yes No Yes
Tank/Pond Yes No Yes
Dug
well/Tube
well
Yes Yes No
Well Yes Yes Yes
Lift Irrigation
Point
No No No
Solar Pump Yes Yes Yes
Category of
Households
Total no of
Households
Landless 11
Marginal
(upto 2.5
acre)
151
Small (2.5 –
5 acre)
23
Semi-
medium (5 –
10 acre)
2
Medium (10
– 25 acre)
0
Large (25
acre &
above)
0
Common Property Resources Common Property Resources
Government Well (2) Kendu Leaf Store House (1)
Community Centre (1) School (2)
VSS Building (1) Anganwadi (2)

13. Forest Map of Brahmanmara

14. AGENDA
SLIDE
Household Survey
Collected information from 60 Households
• Details of HH members
• Education Level of HH members
• Income of HH last year
• Savings
• Expenditure of HH last year
• Ownership & type of land
• No. of crops grown on the land
• Crop production
• Use of farm equipment, machinery, bullocks
• Technical supports
• No. of meals in a day
• Availability of HH toilet
• Frequency of use of toilet by different HH members & cleanliness of
toilets
• Indebtedness ( sources of loan)
• Immunization of children
• Availability of drinking water and distance to get it
• Governance

15. Primary Source of Data Secondary Source of Data
Household Survey SEWAK
Focused Group Discussions Gram Panchayat
Discussions with VSS members VSS Committee
Discussions with School teachers Internet
Methodology for HH Survey
Sampling – Random Sampling using Randomizer (https://www.randomizer.org/)

16. Anganwadi worker
1%
Cultivation
59%
Daily Wage Labour
30%
Grocery shop
5%
VSS Animator
1%
Others
4%
Primary Occupation of HH members
Anganwadi
worker
Cultivation
Daily Wage
Labour
Grocery shop
VSS Animator
Others
0-6 Female
5%
0-6 Male
2%
6.1-18 Female
11%
6.1-18 Male
5%
18.1-60 Female
28%
18.1-60 Male
40%
Above 60 Female
4%
Above 60 Male
5%
Gender & Age Distribution
0-6 Female
0-6 Male
6.1-18 Female
6.1-18 Male
18.1-60 Female
18.1-60 Male
Above 60 Female
Above 60 Male
Demographic Details of the Respondents

17. Farming
8%
Collection of NTFP
5%
Agri Labour
5%
Non-agri Labour
6%
Non-agri Labour
(MGNREGS)
65%
Petty Business
1%
Milk Production
1%
Livestock Rearing
4%
Others
5%
INCOME
Farming
Collection of NTFP
Agri Labour
Non-agri Labour
Non-agri Labour
(MGNREGS)
Petty Business
Percentage of Income in last one year
0 200000 400000 600000 800000 1000000 1200000
FARMING
COLLECTION OF NTFP
AGRI LABOUR
NON-AGRI LABOUR
NON-AGRI LABOUR (MGNREGS)
PETTY BUSINESS
MILK PRODUCTION
LIVESTOCK REARING
OTHERS
126980
80200
79100
96680
1030695
24400
13000
56800
78000
INCOME

18. Percentage of Expenditure in last one year
Food
30%
Clothing
14%
Health
26%
Education
3%
Ceremonials/Rituals
6%
Transport
4%
Electricity
10%
Repay of Loan
6%
Fuel
1%
EXPENDITURE
Food
Clothing
Health
Education
Ceremonials/Ritual
s
Transport
Electricity
Repay of Loan
Fuel
0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000
FOOD
CLOTHING
HEALTH
EDUCATION
CEREMONIALS/RITUALS
TRANSPORT
ELECTRICITY
REPAY OF LOAN
FUEL
243900
115800
206450
20000
47000
33600
81000
49942
9400
EXPENDITURE

19. Independen
t HH
Laterine
73%
Open
Defecation
27%
Use of toilet (IHHL) by HHs
Independent HH
Laterine
Open Defecation
6000
25000
2200 2000
150
1000
3000
1600
500
2000
500
1000
2000
15000
2000
7000
500 500
2000 2000
500 200
800 1000
1500
3000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
Medical
Expenditure
in
Rs
No. of HHs
Medical Expenditure in last one year by HHs
Sanitation & Medical Expenditure in last one year

20. Reasons for practice of Open Defecation byHHs
27% of HHs out of 60 HHs practice open defecation
IHHL isdamaged,needs repair
IHHL isunder-construction
IHHL isvery small, not comfortable
HH members not comfortable using IHHL and prefer open defecation

21. AGENDA
SLIDE
Activity Clock of Women
01
Activity Clock of Men
02
Seasonality Analysis
03
PRA Tools to study the Households

22. Activity Clock of Women in Brahmanmara
Key Findings:
• Women sleep for approximately 7
hours daily
• Women spend approximately 7
hours daily in kitchen and doing
household chores
• Women work for approximately
6.30 hours daily
• Women rise earlier than men,
elders, children in the household
daily to take care of cattle and
then do the morning household
chores

23. Activity Clock of Men in Brahmanmara
Key Findings:
• Men sleep for approximately 8.30
hours daily
• Men spend approximately 2 hours
daily outdoor household work like
market visit, grocery shop visit,
meeting friends
• Men work for approximately 9
hours daily
• Men spend approximately 1-2
hours daily taking care of
backyard cultivation & backyard
poultry

24. Key Findings:
• Cultivation of Paddy is
mostly dependent on
rainfall
• Cultivation of Pulses is
also done dependent
on rainfall due to lack
of irrigation in the
village
• Villagers usually take
loan before the sowing
of paddy starts to
purchase seeds, use
tractors on rent,
employ agri-labour
• Non-agri labour
activities (MGNREGA)
contribute to income
source of villagers
during 6 months after
paddy harvest

25. Anganwadi Centre Gram Panchayat - Tildega
VSS Centre
Village School
Visit to Important Institutions of the village

26. OrganisationSegment
Organisation Name – SEWAK (Self Employed Workers’ Association Kendra)
Sundargarh, Odisha
1 2 3 4
Introduction to Host Organisation
Vision, Mission, different
areas & on-going projects
MAA GRUHA
Maternity waiting home
for pregnant women
from remote &
inaccessible villages
Special Programme for
Promotion of Millets in
Tribal Areas of Odisha
OFSDP
It is a joint involvement
of Forest Department,
NGO team, community
people
ODISHA MILLET MISSION
ORGANISATION SEGMENT

27. SEWAK – Self Employed Workers’ Association Kendra
Sundargarh, Odisha
VISION MISSION
CORE
VALUES
We visualize a society
in which people are
self-reliant, possess
equal right and
opportunities and
take responsibilities
for their action
 Equity
 Accountability
 Transparency
 Non-Violence
We endeavor to educate rural
and tribal communities on rights,
generate among them awareness
on health and environment, train
them in entrepreneurial skill and
encourage them to find
sustainable livelihood.
 SEWAK is a secular, non-profit, non-government social service organization registered in 1995 under Societies Registration,
1860 in Sundargarh district of Odisha in India
 The acronym SEWAK means ‘servant’
 It is dedicated to the service of rural and urban poor, unemployed youth, backward and tribal communities, and vulnerable
segments of the population

28. Different Programmes and Livelihood Interventions of SEWAK
Livelihood
&
Governance
•Livelihood Improvement of
Ultrapoor
•Micro-Watershed
Development Project
•Focused Area Development
Programme (FADP)
•Odisha Forestry Sector
Development Project
•SHGs (formation, training,
financial inclusion)
•Farmer Producer
Organization (FPO)
•Community Forest Rights
(CFR)
Health
•Targeted Intervention (TI)
on HIV/AIDS
•Transit Migration
Intervention
•VIHAAN - CSC
•Maa Gruha
•Janani Sewa Programme
Capacity
Building
/
Skill
Development
•Nai Roshni
•ASHA Certification
Programme
•Induction-cum-GPDP
training for all the elected
representatives of PRIs
•Computer Training

29. MAA GRUHA – Special Initiative for promotion of Institutional Delivery in Inaccessible Areas
Objectives:
 Alternative support infrastructure – In order to address communication problems in difficult and
inaccessible pockets for ensuring institutional delivery.
 Increase Institutional delivery – In inaccessible and difficult pockets ultimately minimizing
maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity
Targeted Beneficiary:
 Pregnant mothers those are from the sub centre with more than 20% of Home delivery.
 The pregnant mother from notified villages those are inaccessible and no road connectivity with
the main
Maa Gruha at Rourdega, Balisankara:
 It is a temporary home for expectant mothers where they can wait for safe delivery preferably 7 to 10 days before the delivery date given to
them.
 On onset of labour, they are to be shifted to nearby health facility having facilities for delivery.
 The Maa Gruha centre at Rourdega, Balisankara send the expectant mothers to Subdega hospital and in case if the expectant mothers need
special care or intensive care due to complications then are sent to the Sundargarh hospital.
 The mothers in this facility at Rourdega are allowed to stay 15 days after delivery with the new born as it is permitted in Maa Gruha centres in
which funding is provided by District Mineral Foundation.
 There are 12 beds available in two rooms at present at the Rourdega centre

30. Millet Food Festival – Finger Millet (Mandia)
Odisha Millets Mission with Facilitating agency – SEWAK in Balisankara Block of Sundargarh
Advantages/Benefits of Mandia:
 It is rich in Calcium & carbohydrates
 It is one of the best semi-solid foods that you can give your kid before you start feeding him solid food. It is the best baby food in India to
give strength to the baby
 It is a rich source of fiber and helps lower cholesterol level & best for people with diabetes
 It helps to battle Anemia (Mandia is excellent source of iron)
Major Objectives of Odisha Millets Mission:
 Promoting household level consumption
 Improving Productivity of Millet Crops
 Promoting FPOs for marketing
 Inclusion of millets in ICDS (Integrated Child Development Services) MDM (Mid-Day Meal) scheme and PDS (Public Distribution Scheme)

31. Impact of OdishaMillets Mission
OMM along with Integrated Farming
programme and Organic Farming
policy will be a way out of adverse
effects of climate crisis
Source: Report on Damage, Loss & Needs
Assessment for Cyclone Fani in Odisha
A good Agro-ecological approach
State Government has procured more
than 95,000 quintals of Ragi (Mandia)
from more than 20,000 farmers @
Rs3,150 per quintal
Distribution of Millet Processing
Machinery to SHGs, FPOs
A Profitable-sustainable farming
approach & livelihood to others
Along with household food and
nutrition, the farmers earn income
which has reduced distress migration
It has reduced migration from
villages to cities Millets are included in
• Mid-Day Meal
• ICDS (Integrated Child
Development Service)
• PDS (Public Distribution
System)
Nutrition Security
01 02
03
04
RESULTS

32. Odisha Forestry Sector Development Project (OFSDP)
It is a joint involvement of Forest Team, NGO Team and Community People
Activities carried out by OFSDP
Formation & Strengthening of VSS
Conduct of regular VSS level general & executive body
meetings
Arrange trainings of the VSS/SHG members
Providing training to Animators
Establishment of VSS nursery, rearing of plant
Silvicultural operation, plantation, soil moisture
conservation
Protection of forest from fire, grazing, theft with active
participation of executive members and community
people
Common Income Generating Activities encouraged by
OFSDP
Poultry rearing
Collection, storing, processing & sale of NTFP
Rice cultivation
Rice processing
Vegetable cultivation

33. 1 2 3 4
DISTRIBUTION OF MASKS
We distributed masks
during the HH survey and
informed about
prevention measures of
Covid-19
COVID-19 AWARENESS
PROGRAM IN SCHOOL
We interacted with mothers
with their new born children
about Covid-19 prevention
measures & distributed masks
We visited the School,
Anganwadi, Gram
Panchayat, VSS Centre,
Lampc
COVID-19 AWARENESS
PROGRAM IN ANGANWADI
NSS ACTIVITY
We explained the Covid-
19 Prevention Measures
like Hand-washing steps,
Dos & Don’ts
COVID-19 AWARENESS
PROGRAM IN ANGANWADI

34. Distribution of Masks during HH Survey
Distribution of Masks in Anganwadi during
Bhaat Khua programme
Corona virus prevention awareness programme
in school
Distribution of Masks
during HH Survey
Poster in village school
Handwashing steps & Prevention measures

35. Nirmala Barla - a passionate farmer from Brahmanmara village plays an important role in keeping the entire
village into Organic Farming
Indian tribes set an example of sustainable agriculture
Source: https://www.developmentnews.in/india-tribal-women-leading-conversion-organic-agriculture/
Sustainability

36. NoIrrigation
Lessrainfall
Agri-Labourshortage
Man-Animalconflict
School infrastructure
Poor Internet
Connectivity
Collegeis far Lessno. ofhealth
checkups
Pharmacyis far
Micro Plan
B r a h m a n m a r a V i l l a g e
Differentclassroomsaccordingtoagegroups
Propermobile datanetworkneedstobeinitiated
More optionsoftransportation
More healthcheckup camps shouldbeset-up
Accesstopharmacyshouldbe putasapriority
Irrigationfacilitynearfields
Rainwaterharvesting
ProvisionofFarmMachineryon rent
Trenchwallaroundfieldstoprotectcultivation

37. Learnings from ARS
The Internship was like a journey to explore & learn about Rural Life
Time management, PRA tools,
project management, schemes
by state government
Learnings from Organization
Rural lifestyle, livelihoods,
culture & traditions of the
village
Learnings from Villagers
Forest produce, Man-Animal
conflict & resolution, local flora &
fauna
Learnings from VSS members
The right way to do the
internship, Report & Data
Analysis, Presentation
Learnings from Faculty Guide

39. Thank You!!!