Pakistan education

1. Global Perspectives of Curriculum
Pakistan
By Haibin Li

2. Overview
• Pakistan is an ethnically and linguistically divers
country in South Asia.
• The constitution requires the state to provide
free primary and secondary education.
• Education is divided into six main levels
– Pre-primary
– Primary
– Middle
– High
– Intermediate
– University Program

3. Literacy Rate
• Overall: 58.5%
• Male: 70.2%
• Female: 46.3%
• Causes of low literacy rate
– Political Instability
– Lack of Access to Education Facilities
– Low Community Participation
– Poor Planning and Implementation

4. Education Sectors
• Government Schools
Run by Government
• Private Schools
Run by Private for-profit organizations
• Non-Government Organization Schools
Run by non-government, non-profit
organizations

5. Values, Curriculum, and Philosophy
• Islam is the state religion in Pakistan
• The education policies provide little guidance on
inculcating professional ethics and values, but
emphasize on Islamic values
• National curriculum is produced by the
Curriculum Wing of the Federal Ministry of
Education.
• The four provincial textbook boards are
responsible for implementing the national
curriculum.

6. Values, Curriculum, and Philosophy
(continued)
• The philosophic views of secondary school
teachers were found to be highly in favor of
existentialism and least in favor of realism
• The male teachers were tending to be inclined
towards existentialism whereas female
teachers inclined towards idealism