Staphylococci 09 10 Med

Gram positive Staphylococci ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

STAPHYLOCOCCI Staphyle (Greek) Bunch of grapes or Berries Cocci (Rounded) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Species of Staphylococci ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Staphylococcal cell wall structure Capsule or polysaccharide slime layer Phospholipid PBP PBP Transport protein Cytoplasmic membrane Peptidoglycan layer Capsule Antigenic & Antiphagocytic ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Protein A Has great affinity to Fc portion of IgG and makes it unavailable to its receptors on phagocyte Protein A Techoic acid

Coagulase EXTRACELLULAR ENZYMES The clot coats the organisms and inhibit their phagocytosis 1. Coagulase Fibrin Clot Fibrinogen

2. Catalase May prevent killing of S. aureus by PMNLs cells EXTRACELLULAR ENZYMES Catalase H 2 O 2 Water O 2 +

EXTRACELLULAR ENZYMES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

TOXINS OF S. AUREUS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

TOXINS BY S. AUREUS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Diseases by S. aureus Pyogenic Due to toxins Superficial Deep

S. AUREUS DISEASES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],S. AUREUS DISEASES

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],S. AUREUS DISEASES

S. AUREUS DISEASES II: DISEASES DUE TO TOXINS Exfoliatin in Staph lesion Staph not isolated from lesions 1. Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSS) Toxemia Necrosis of epidermis Loose skin (vesicles) Vesicles breakup

Staphylococcus Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS)

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],S. AUREUS DISEASES II: DISEASES DUE TO TOXINS

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],S. AUREUS DISEASES II: DISEASES DUE TO TOXINS

Acute vomiting & diarrhoea (1-5 hrs) 5. Staph Food Intoxication Staph Carrier S. AUREUS DISEASES II: DISEASES DUE TO TOXINS Staph multiplication Enterotoxin in food Resists reheating Food ingested Poor referigeration Salads, potato creamy dishes Contaminates

TREATMENT OF STAPH INFECTIONS Drainage of pus in superficial and chronic lesions C/S to select proper antibiotics Severe infections Amoxycillin-clavulinic acid (Augumentin) Chronic infections MRSA (methicillin-resistant S. aureus) Vancomycin VRSA (Vancomycin Resistant S.aureus ) & VISA (Vancomycin Intermediate S.aureus ) Linezolid & Quinupristin-Dalfopristin

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ANTIBIOTICS RESISTANCE Historical aspect

STAPHYLOCOCCAL NASAL CARRIER ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Control of Carrier and Re-infection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

COAGULASE-NEGATIVE STAPHYLOCOCCI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

DISEASES BY S. EPIDERMIDIS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

STAPHYLOCOCUS SAPROPHYTICUS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

LAB IDENTIFICATION OF S. AUREUS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

LAB IDENTIFICATION OF S. AUREUS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sputum smear Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus & Streptococcus pneumoniae

LAB IDENTIFICATION OF S. AUREUS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Catalase

LAB IDENTIFICATION OF S. AUREUS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

EXTRACELLULAR ENZYMES 1. Coagulase a ) Free coagulase (soluble ): ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Coagulase Activates CRF* (Prothrombin) in plasma *CRF : Coagulase Reacting Factor Clot Fibrinogen Fibrin Activated CRF

Coagulase EXTRACELLULAR ENZYMES ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],2. Bound c oagulase Fibrin Clot Fibrinogen

LAB IDENTIFICATION OF S. AUREUS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Case study #1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Questions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Case study #2 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Case study #3 ,[object Object]

Questions ,[object Object],[object Object]

Staphylococci 09 10 Med

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