Elsevier webinar New York

OA vika 2012

0200-9823-209
0000-9352-442
0000-0002-853

0000-0001-563

0505-9001-414 0000-0003-161

Identiﬁcation, contribution, attribution
Digital scholarship, identity on the Web and ORCID
Gudmundur A. Thorisson <gthorisson@gmail.com>
@gthorisson | http://gthorisson.name | http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5635-1860

ORCID - Open Researcher & Contributor ID initiative (http://orcid.org)
Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Iceland (http://luvs.hi.is)
OA Iceland - open access advocacy group (http://opinnadgangur.is)

This work is published under the Creative Commons Attribution
license (CC BY: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
which means that it can be freely copied, redistributed and
adapted, as long as proper attribution is given.

Research Trends / Elsevier Labs Virtual Seminar - The Individual and Scholarly Networks, New York, Jan 22 2013

Outline
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• A web of connections - researchers linked to their works
• Broken records - the problem with person names
• A community tackling the identiﬁcation challenge
– Brief ORCID backgrounder and status update

• Thoughts on beneﬁts for researchers from participating in ORCID


Identifying contributors - some use cases
Given a work, tell me who is responsible for it and OA vika 2012

describe the nature of that responsibility.

Geoffrey Bilder
CrossRef Director of Strategic
Initiatives

Credit: Geoff Bilder http://irisc-workshop.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/irisc2011-geoff-bilder.ppt


Given a contributor, tell be what works he/she has OA vika 2012

contributed to and describe the nature of the contributions.



Given a work, tell me who is responsible for it and OA vika 2012

describe the nature of that responsibility.



Given a contributor, tell me which other contributors areOA vika 2012
“related” to the ﬁrst one and tell me the nature of that
relationship.



Who wants to know all this?
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• Publishers who publish researchers’ work
– Accurate author info, dealing with coauthors, generally managing the
peer-review & publishing process
• Institutions that employ researchers
– Evaluating performance of research staff, tenure decisions
• Funders who give researchers money
– Which PI scientists are getting funded, who are their co-applications, track
which research outputs were produced by a given grant

• Researchers themselves!
– Automated CVs, receive credit, save time when submitting manuscripts
to journals
– [more stuﬀ, see below]


The connectivity challenge
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• Number of authors and other
scholarly contributors is increasing
• Number & kinds of works they
contribute to is increasing
• Names are ambiguous --> author
identiﬁcation is problematic

Credit: http://techtips.salon.com/set-up-d-link-router-4840.html


The problem with names
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One name, multiple
persons:
J. Smith <-- author on total ~19K
papers in PubMed
One person, multiple names:
Y. Wang <-- author on ~4,000
G. Thorisson
papers in 2011 alone!
G. A. Thorisson
Gudmundur Thorisson
Transliteration: Gudmundur A. Thorisson
Guðmundur Á. Þórisson


A broken record
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‣ “The scholarly record is broken”
‣ Reliable attribution of authors and contributors is
impossible without unique person-level identiﬁers


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How to Make a Tackle in Rugby
Tackling in rugby is one of the most important aspects of the game

Credit: http://djamba.com/how-to-make-a-tackle-in-rugby.html


What is ORCID?
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• ORCID = Open Researcher & Contributor ID initiative
• International, interdisciplinary organization involving
multiple stakeholders:
– Research institutions, libraries,
funding organizations, publishers,
intermediares and individual
researchers

• Started in late 2009 to solve the name ambiguity problem
in scholarly communication.
• Incorporated as a non-proﬁt with a Board of Directors in
August 2010.
– http://about.orcid.org/about/what-is-orcid/governance


The ORCID mission
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To support the creation of a permanent,
clear and unambiguous record of scholarly
communication by enabling reliable
attribution of authors and contributors
through unique identiﬁers

0200-9823-2091-4991
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0000-0002-8534-5985

0000-0001-5635-1860

0505-9001-4144-0912 0000-0003-1613-5981


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So. Where. Are. We. Now?


ORCID is LIVE! (as of Oct 15th)
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Individuals can register https://orcid.org/register
at no charge

• Get a persistent iD
• Start managing their proﬁle

No. registrations so far:

~50,000


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ORCID is LIVE! (as of Oct 15th)
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Individuals can register Individuals and organizations can
at no charge use APIs to integrate their systems

• Get a persistent iD ‣ Public API
• Start managing their profile ‣ free to use, no registration needed

‣ look up & search public profile data
No. registrations so far: ‣ Members API

~50,000 ‣ ORCID membership required, annual fee

‣ authentication

‣ read/write protected profile data

‣ create profiles on behalf of users

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So. What.Is. Happening. Now?


ORCID Publisher workflow
Researcher
starts
manuscript

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submission
Manuscript
submission
system

• Streamline data input asks
researcher
to
supply
and

validate
ORCID
iden:fier
• Create author links ORCID
Tier
2
API
passes

ID
(and
author

informa:on)
to

submission
system
Manuscript
processed

and
content
published

Metadata
and
ORCID
deposited
to
CrossRef

ORCID::DOI
pairings

submiCed
to
ORCID

ORCID
profile
updated


ORCID Research organization workflow
Organiza:on
creates
ORCID
field
in
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their
HR
system
Organiza:on
uses
Tier
2
API
to
upload
basic

informa:on
for
staff
member
to
ORCID

ORCID
system
searches
for

• Create trans-organization record for all possible
matching
profiles
scholars and researchers (students)
Organiza:on
prompted

• Auto-updates for researcher publications, to
resolve
duplicates
patents, grants, etc.
ORCID::HR
profile
pairing

• Management of Institutional Repository no:ce
sent
to
researcher

• Reduced document management workload
for researchers Researcher
logs
into
ORCID
to
approve

ORCID::HR
profile
pairing

HR
profile
updated


Benefits to in-the-trenches researchers?
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• ORCID by itself does not do much - the value proposition is
really integration with other systems

• #1 Integrations by traditional players in research
– There is buy-in from stakeholders, so ORCID will become part of workflows
– Researchers will benefit from streamlined interactions, more accurate data, less
form-filling <-- save people time


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• ORCID by itself does not do much - the value proposition is
really integration with other systems

• #2 Integration by new/emerging players in research
– New opportunities, innovative stuff happening
– Lots of small-scale, diverse scholarly services and platforms that can beneﬁt from
integration with and build on top of ORCID as a platform - the Long Tail?
– Researchers will be able to create new connections with alternative research
outputs, expand their network, show impact, get credit for other stuff besides
traditional publications


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• #3 Universal springboard for less Net-savvy academics to “get
connected” on the Web and become part of the network
– ORCID proﬁle <-- serve as lowest common denominator ?
– Lower barrier of entry if there is a SINGLE base service they can use which
• many or most other scholars use too, and
• is supported by the organizations that matter to them in their work (publishers, funders etc.)

• why? more visible so others can more easily ﬁnd them
– read and build on their work and cite them
– seek collaborations
– career opportunities


Facebook analogy: “ gotta be there coz everybody else
is on there. Even my mother!” <-- network eﬀect

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Thanks for your attention!! OA vika 2012

Published under the CC BY license (http://
<g.thorisson@orcid-eu.org> | gthorisson@gmail.com creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5635-1860
http://www.linkedin.com/in/mummi
http://www.twitter.com/gthorisson
http://gthorisson.name


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