Wenhui_Wang.LowerTroposphericTemperatureClimateDataRecordUsingNOAANESDISSTARRecalibratedMSUObservations.pptx

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Lower-Tropospheric Temperature (TLT) Climate Data Record Using NOAA/NESDIS/STAR Recalibrated MSU Observations Wenhui Wang1 & Cheng-Zhi Zou2 1IMSG at NOAA/NESDIS/STAR 2NOAA/NESDIS/Center for Satellite Applications and Research IGARSS Vancouver, Canada July 25-29, 2011

Outline Background Methods for Developing TLT Product Using NOAA/NESDIS/STAR Recalibrated MSU Radiances Results and Discussion Summary and Future Works

4 channels Channel 2- mid-troposphere (TMT) Channel 3 - upper-troposphere Channel 4 - lower-stratosphere ,[object Object]

Widely used in long-term atmospheric Tb trends studies

MSU Lower Tropospheric Temperature (TLT)TMT Affected by stratosphere cooling effect TLT: weighted average of TMT Tb at different view angles (Spencer and Christy, 1992,2003; Mears and Wentz, 2009) TLT=T3+T4+T8+T9-0.75(T1+T2+T10+T11) i=1-4, 8-10 scan positions Reduce stratosphere cooling effect

Background ,[object Object],Using NOAA pre-launch calibrated observations University of Alabama group (UAH) Remote Sensing Systems group (RSS) Major Issues need to addressed Calibration Errors (Warm Target Contamination) Orbital Decay Effect Diurnal Drift Effect TLT trends have important policy making implications Purpose of this study Generate STAR TLT product using NOAA/NESDIS/STAR recalibrated MSU radiances Comparing STAR TLT with other two research groups

Methods for STAR TLT Product Using NOAA/NESDIS/STAR Recalibrated MSU Radiances (v1.2) (Zou et al. 2006, 2009, 2010) ,[object Object],http://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/smcd/emb/mscat/mscatmain.htm ,[object Object]

Can reduce inter-satellite bias by an order of magnitude compared to NOAA pre-launch calibration ,[object Object]

Methods for STAR TLT Product Satellite Altitude & Orbital Decay Effect Correction ,[object Object]

Satellite altitude trends to decay over time

Cause view zenith angle changes, effects vary with different limb positions ,[object Object]

Methods for STAR TLT Product Diurnal Drift Effect Correction same as STAR TMT products (Zou and Wang 2009)Using RSS monthly averaged diurnal anomaly climatology Before Diurnal Correction NOAA 11 - NOAA 10 Adjust the scene radiances at different observation time to the local noon time After Diurnal Correction

Results 5-day averaged MSU global mean TLT & TMT time series Temporal Coverage: 1978/11-2006/9 Spatial Coverage: -82.5° – +82.5 °

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Wenhui_Wang.LowerTroposphericTemperatureClimateDataRecordUsingNOAANESDISSTARRecalibratedMSUObservations.pptx

1. Lower-Tropospheric Temperature (TLT) Climate Data Record Using NOAA/NESDIS/STAR Recalibrated MSU Observations Wenhui Wang1 & Cheng-Zhi Zou2 1IMSG at NOAA/NESDIS/STAR 2NOAA/NESDIS/Center for Satellite Applications and Research IGARSS Vancouver, Canada July 25-29, 2011

2. Outline Background Methods for Developing TLT Product Using NOAA/NESDIS/STAR Recalibrated MSU Radiances Results and Discussion Summary and Future Works

4. 9 instruments (NOAA TIROS-N – NOAA-14)

6. Widely used in long-term atmospheric Tb trends studies

7. MSU Lower Tropospheric Temperature (TLT)TMT Affected by stratosphere cooling effect TLT: weighted average of TMT Tb at different view angles (Spencer and Christy, 1992,2003; Mears and Wentz, 2009) TLT=T3+T4+T8+T9-0.75(T1+T2+T10+T11) i=1-4, 8-10 scan positions Reduce stratosphere cooling effect

10.

11.

12. Satellite altitude trends to decay over time

13.

14. Methods for STAR TLT Product Diurnal Drift Effect Correction same as STAR TMT products (Zou and Wang 2009)Using RSS monthly averaged diurnal anomaly climatology Before Diurnal Correction NOAA 11 - NOAA 10 Adjust the scene radiances at different observation time to the local noon time After Diurnal Correction

15. Results 5-day averaged MSU global mean TLT & TMT time series Temporal Coverage: 1978/11-2006/9 Spatial Coverage: -82.5° – +82.5 °

16. Results: Spatial Trend Patterns (1978-2006) TLT After Orbital Drift Effect Correction TMT (channel 2) TLT Without Orbital Decay Effect Corr.

17. Comparing STAR, UAH (v5.3), RSS (v3.2) MSU TLT Products (1979 - 2003)

18. Summary and Future Works Generated MSU TLT product using NOAA/NESDIS/STAR recalibrated channel 2 radiances STAR TLT shows a global warming trend of 0.145 K/dec (1978-2006), STAR TLT has the smallest warming trends compared to UAH and RSS TLT products Larger differences exist during 1979 – 1986 Next Step Generate TLT product using recalibrated Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit A (AMSU-A) observations (1998 – present) Generate MSU/AMSU-A TLT merged Product

19.

20. Results TLT show similar trend stability as TMT (Zouand Wang, 2010) Christy bias correction (almost horizontal lines) Constant bias correction