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FR1.T03.1 Meeting Slides of MHS_TB over Antarctica_7_29_11.pptx
1. Â A STUDY OF THE NOAA NEAR-NADIR MICROWAVE HUMIDITY SOUNDER BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURES OVER ANTARCTICA Tsan Mo, Yong Han, and FuzhongWeng NOAA/NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) IEEE IGARSS, Vancouver, Canada July 29, 2011
2. 7/29/2011 IEE IGARSS 2011 2 INTRODUCTION âAntarctica: Long winter months with ~24-hour nighttime â Minimal diurnal variability in data â Data used in this report: NOAA-18 and NOAA-19 MHS over Antarctica (82o-70oS) NOAA-18 and NOAA-19 AMSU-A over Antarctica â Ascending and Descendingtime series â 30-day mean near-nadir bright temperatures (BT) â âT =(Ascending - Descending) to demonstrate diurnal effect â âT = (NOAA18 - NOAA19) to determine Intersatellite/intersensor Calibration Bias (ICB)
3. 7/29/2011 IEE IGARSS 2011 3 Microwave Humidity Sounder (MHS) â MHS (built by EUMETSAT) has flown onboard NOAA-18, NOAA-19, and MEOP-A since May 20, 2005 â MHS central channel frequencies
4. Local Equatorial Crossing Times (LECT) & Operational Statuses of the NOAA and METOP Satellites 7/29/2011 IEE IGARSS 2011 4
6. Long-Term Monitoring of Instrument Performance for Life â Instrument performances are continuously monitored for life of mission â Calibration counts, NEâT, and housekeeping sensors are monitored and posted on NOAA/STAR Online Monitoring Website â Sample results are shown on following slides 7/29/2011 IEE IGARSS 2011 6
9. NOAA-18 MHS Ch. 1 NEâT: â Ten days â Thirty days â One Year â Life time since launch 7/29/2011 IEE IGARSS 2011 9
10. â Ascending (++) and descending (xx) 30-day mean MHS BT near nadir from NOAA-18 & NOAA-19 â Feb. 10 â Dec. 31, 2009 over Antarctica. â NOAA-19 was launched on Feb. 6, 2009. 7/29/2011 IEE IGARSS 2011 10 NOAA-18 and NOAA -19 MHS BT Over ANTARCTICA
11. (a) âT=Ascending â Descending(b) âT=NOAA18-NOAA19 âLittle diurnal effect during the Antarctic winter months â ICBs (defined as mean over days of 90- 240) are small â NOAA-19 data are available only after day 40 as it was launched on 6 February 2009 7/29/2011 IEE IGARSS 2011 11
13. â 7/29/2011 IEE IGARSS 2011 13 AMSU-A: âT= NOAA18 âNOAA19 Differences of 30-day mean brightness temperatures between NOAA-18 and NOAA-19 measurements at nadir over Antarctica. The NOAA-19 data are available only after day 40 as it was launched on 6 February 2009. â Relative channel biases, which are defined as the mean ÎT values over July when the Antarctica is nearly 24-hour nighttime â The vertical lines indicate the inter-year location.
14. 7/29/2011 IEE IGARSS 2011 14 Summary â BOTH AMSU-A and MHS BT over Antarctica show that there is minimal diurnal variability in the winter months with 24-hour nighttime â These measurements over Antarctica provide a practical approach to determine the Intersatellite/intersensor Calibration Biases (ICBs) â It shows that Antarctica is good natural site for cal/val of space-borne microwave radiometers (MR) â Establishment of a natural site for calibration reference is an important addition to the few tools available to date for cal/val of space-borne MR
15. REFERENCES â Tsan Mo, âCalibration of the NOAA AMSU-A Radiometers With Natural Test Sites,â IEEE Transe. Geosci. Remote Sens., 2011, in press â Tsan Mo,"A Study of the NOAA Near-Nadir AMSU-A Brightness Temperatures over Antarctica, " J. Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 27, 995-1004, DOI: 10.1175/2010JTECHA1417.1, June 2010. â STAR Online Monitoring Website: (N. Sun, STAR Webmaster) http://www.star.nesdis.noaa.gov/smcd/spb/icvs/satmonitoring_n19_amax.php 7/29/2011 IEE IGARSS 2011 15
17. Climate Trends from NOAA-15 AMSU-A Measurements 7/29/2011 IEE IGARSS 2011 17 âChannel 15 measurements are closest to the Earthâs surface âChannel 9 measurements are near the tropopause. âChannels 15 and 1-8 measurements are at multiple levels in troposphere âChannels 10-14 measurements are at multiple levels in stratosphere âThe chart on the right shows the climate trends at multiple levels of atmosphere from 0 to 50 km. âTroposphere is warming and stratosphere is cooling NOAA-15 AMSU-A Data from May 1998 through Dec. 2007 are used to derive these trends. Data at Channels 6 and 11 are not used due to channel failures T. Mo, (2009), JGR, 114, D11110
19. 7/29/2011 IEE IGARSS 2011 19 MHS NEEAR-NADIR MEASUREMENTS OVER ANTARCTICA â Ascending and descending 30-day MHS mean brightness temperatures near nadir from: (a) NOAA-18, (b) NOAA-19, and (c) METOP-A measurements over Antarctica in 2010.