Powerful Start- the Key to Project Success, Barbara Laskowska
Brain Network - Thalamocortical Motif
1. Brain Networks
Thalamocortical Motif
Speaker : Jimmy Lu
Advisor : Hsing Mei
Web Computing Laboratory(WECO Lab)
Computer Science and Information Engineering Department
Fu Jen Catholic University
4. Background and Review (1/3)
Thalamus
process sensory
information as well
as relaying it
As a gateway, a
switch, or a relay
Reticular nucleus,
intralaminar nuclei
WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU
2010/3/19 4
http://www.weco.net
5. Background and Review (2/3)
Cerebral cortex
Brain map
Plays a key role
in memory, attention,
perceptual awareness,
thought, language,
and consciousness
Small-world, Scale-free
WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU
2010/3/19 5
http://www.weco.net
6. Background and Review (3/3)
Thalamocortical radiations
Reentrant mapping
Sensory information
go through the spine
cord to the thalamus,
and then relay it to
the cortical areas
Dynamic core
WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU
2010/3/19 6
http://www.weco.net
7. Small-world network (1/7)
The intermediate region between
regular and random
WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU
2010/3/19 7
http://www.weco.net
9. Small-world network (3/7)
Three examples
Film actors
Power grid
C. elegans
WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU
2010/3/19 9
http://www.weco.net
10. Small-world network (4/7)
The time to global infection is nearly as
short as for a random graph
WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU
2010/3/19 10
http://www.weco.net
11. Small-world network (5/7)
Small-world in the brain: micro view
WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU
2010/3/19 11
http://www.weco.net
12. Small-world network (6/7)
Small-world in the brain: macro view
WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU
2010/3/19 12
http://www.weco.net
13. Small-world network (7/7)
Small-world in the brain
Truncated power law
Economical(close, cost, conservation)
Global efficiency, short cut
High degree nodes are less often highly
clustered
Isomorphism, patterns of connectivity
Robust, less vulnerable, balance
WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU
2010/3/19 13
http://www.weco.net
14. Scale-free network (1/3)
The problem of ER and WS model
The probability with which a new vertex
connects to the existing vertices is not
uniform
Most real world networks are open. The
number of vertices may increase
WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU
2010/3/19 14
http://www.weco.net
15. Scale-free network (2/3)
Two mechanisms
Networks expand continuously by the
addition of new vertices
New vertices attach preferentially to sites
that are already well connected
The development of large networks is
governed by robust-organizing
phenomena
WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU
2010/3/19 15
http://www.weco.net
16. Scale-free network (3/3)
Power law distribution
Citation of scientific papers
Rich-get-richer
WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU
2010/3/19 16
http://www.weco.net
20. Links, issues, and opinions (1/4)
Undirected and Directed graph(I/O)?
Hubs/weighted graph ?
Does a vertex which connect to a hub
increase the probability of being
attached?
The region between small-world and
scale-free?
WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU
2010/3/19 20
http://www.weco.net
21. Links, issues, and opinions (2/4)
Three types of projections and
structural, functional, and effective
point of view
Micro/macro, local/global
Structural-functional relation
Reconfiguration, dynamics
Is the hypothesis of reentry right?
WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU
2010/3/19 21
http://www.weco.net
22. Links, issues, and opinions (3/4)
What parameters can be mapped from
brain to social networks?
Small-world
Degeneracy?
WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU
2010/3/19 22
http://www.weco.net
23. Links, issues, and opinions (4/4)
What’s the stimulus of social network?
What stimulus force the structure of
social networks change?
What characteristics should a brain
simulator has?
Degeneracy, evolutionary, self-organize,
etc…
WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU
2010/3/19 23
http://www.weco.net
24. Reference
[1] Ed Bullmore, Olaf Sporns, “Complex brain networks: graph
theoretical analysis of structural and functional systems”, Nature
Reviews Neuroscience 10, 186-198 (March 2009)
[2] Duncan J. Watts, Steven H. Strogatz, “Collective dynamics of 'small-
world' networks”, Nature 393, 440-442 (4 June 1998)
[3] Albert-László Barabási, Réka Albert, “Emergence of Scaling in
Random Networks”, Science 15 October 1999: Vol. 286. no. 5439, pp.
509 – 512
[4] Gerald M. Edelman, “Wider than the Sky: The Phenomenal Gift of
Consciousness”, Yale University Press (March 10, 2004)
WECO Lab, CSIE dept., FJU
2010/3/19 24
http://www.weco.net