Groundwater and CCS

1. Groundwater and CCS 3 May Groundwater and CCS Workshop

2. People involved • GA: Andrew Feitz, Tehani Kuske, Richard Dunsmore, Chris Southby, Tim R. Ransley (Groundwater), Ralf Haese, Patrice de Caritat, Simon van der Wielen + input from Bruce Radke, Jim Kellett, Ross Brodie, Rob Langford, Russell Korsch & Chris Boreham • GSQ: Jonathan Hodgkinson, John Draper, Owen Dixon, Micaela Preda, Mike McKillop & Kinta Hoffmann 3 May Groundwater and CCS Workshop

3. Major activities for GA • Compile data sources and produce regional maps • Involvement with CO2CRC at Otway site • Groundwater surveys in Qld – Surat and Bowen basins • Application of 3D geological models to groundwater problems 3 May Groundwater and CCS Workshop

4. Hydrogeochemical mapping • Major focus is the Great Artesian Basin • Also mapping Denison Trough (north-west Bowen) • Provide regional picture of groundwater properties (e.g. salinity) and potentially connectivity (isotope work) Surat Basin Eromanga Basin 3 May Groundwater and CCS Workshop

5. 2D Geological Model of the GAB Source: Radke et al., 2000 3 May Groundwater and CCS Workshop

6. 50x vertical exaggeration 3D Geological Voxet KEY 01 – Winton Formation 02 – Mackunda Formation 03 – Toolebuc Formation 04 – Rolling Downs Group 05 – Cadna-Owie Formation 06 – Hooray Sandstone 07 – Hutton Sandstone 08 – Moolayember Formation 09 – Clematis Sandstone 10 – Basement 3 May Groundwater and CCS Workshop

17. Developing Geochemical Maps Source: Radke et al., 2000 3 May Groundwater and CCS Workshop

18. Hydrogeochemical Datasets Queensland BRS Radke et al 2000 (GABhydrochem) QDNR water chemistry GSQ water chemistry dataset 70/80’s BRS recharge GA/GSQ groundwater surveys 2008/2009/2010 Quality checked water chemistry data (WCR) New South Wales South Australia BRS Radke et al 2000 (GABhydrochem) BRS Radke et al 2000 (GABhydrochem) NSW Triton PIRSAhttp://vdr.ga.gov.au South Australia DWLBC 3 May Groundwater and CCS Workshop

19. Clematis Total Dissolved Solids 3 May Groundwater and CCS Workshop

20. New data offers • Since showing maps at last year’s Groundwater 2010 conference, additional data: – Northern Territory Geological Survey – BHPBilliton – Additional BRS data – CSIRO dataset (Flinders University) • Can see benefit in compilations – confidentiality less important • Working up version 2 of maps 3 May Groundwater and CCS Workshop

21. Great Artesian Basin Water Resources Assessment (GABWRA) • Joint project with Geoscience Australia and CSIRO • Detailed basin-scale investigation of water availability in the Great Artesian Basin. • Funded ($6.25M) by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPaC) and National Water Commission. 3 May Groundwater and CCS Workshop

22. Groundwater Group’s role • develop an updated conceptual understanding of groundwater resources and processes in the GAB • 3D visualisation • data custodian for all the project data, ensuring the public can access the data post the project. 3 May Groundwater and CCS Workshop

23. CO2CRC Otway • Understanding CO2 impacts on 8.5 injection groundwater 8.0 pre-injection injection X X X X X • Monitoring ‘shallow’ aquifers at Otway post- 7.5 pH D • Gas – water analysis 7.0 N D N N N D N D D D N N N D D 8 -6 6.5 ~20,000 mg/L TDS 6.0 -7 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Time Gas and water composition 6 -8 1.0 post-injection pre-injection injection -9 D Station D breakthrough N δ13C CO2 (‰) CO2 / 10 (mol %) 0.8 N Station N 4 pH (field data) -10 X Station V N Fe (m g/L) EC / 5 (mS/cm) 0.6 δ13C δ C CO2 (‰) -11 N 0.4 2 -12 0.2 N X X X X X -13 0.0 D DD N N D D N D D N D 0 -14 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 Time Days after injection 3 May Groundwater and CCS Workshop

24. GA – GSQ groundwater surveys • Detailed analysis for gaps in the Surat and Bowen basins • Field measurements • Organics (including BTEX), trace metals • Isotopes (Cl-36, C-14, C-13, d2H, d18O) • Analysis of groundwater gases - composition and isotopes • Investigating tools to assess connectivity 3 May Groundwater and CCS Workshop

25. Issues • Salinity in the GAB is fresh to brackish • Groundwater data coverage limited – esp. field parameters (e.g. Eh, pH), isotopes, trace metal and organics • Isotopes (water and gas) will be key for assessing connectivity • Risk of CO2 waters intersecting groundwater used for agriculture/potable supplies is higher in Australia than North America • Bore integrity 3 May Groundwater and CCS Workshop

26. Acknowledgements • GA staff; GAV team • Geological Survey of Queensland; • Qld Department of Water, Land and Biodiversity Conservation (DWLBC); • Qld Department of Environment and Resource Management (DERM); Primary Industries and Resources South Australia (PIRSA); • New South Wales Office of Water; • Geological Survey of New South Wales; • Earth Resources Australia; • Northern Territory Geological Survey; • Bureau of Rural Sciences (BRS) • BHP Billiton • CSIRO • Flinders University 3 May Groundwater and CCS Workshop

Groundwater and CCS

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