1. GRAMMAR BOOK!(2nd Semester) Maxmiliano Glazier

3. Informal Irregulars

4. Nosotros Commands

5. Mono Verbs

6. DOP+IOP Placement

7. Subjunctive

8. Subjunctive Irregulars

9. Trigger Phrases

10. Demonstrative Adjectives + Pronouns

11. Tan/ TantoConditional Conditional Irregulars Present Perfect Present Perfect Irregulars Past Perfect Subjunctive Perfect Se Impersonal Saber Vs. Conocer Formal Commands Formal Irregulars

12. CONDITIONAL Would, could, should, probability If would is used for a repeated action in the past, the imperfect would be used At these endings to the end of the infinitive Ía Ías Ía Íamos Íais ían

13. Conditional Irregulars Caber-Cabr Poder-Podr Salir-Saldr Decir-Dir Poner-Poder Tener-Tendr Haber-Habr Querer-Querr Valer- Valdr Hacer-har Saber- Sabr Venir- Vendr

14. Present Perfect Indicates a recently completed action It is a compound tense, used with Haber and another verb Used to tell what has/hasn’t been done An action that was true in the past and is still true in the present He, has, ha, hemos, hebeís, han

15. Present Perfect Irregulars Abrir- Abierto Cubir- Cubierto Decir- Dicho Escribir- Escrito Hacer- Hecho Ir-Ido Ver- Visto Volver- Vuelto Romper- Roto Poner- Puesto

16. Past Perfect Compound form Haber and the past participle The auxiliary verb and the past participle are never separated He, has, ha, hemos, hebeís, han Ar- ado Ir-Ido Er-Ido

17. Subjunctive Perfect Used when a verb or subject that requires the subjunctive is used in the main clause in the present, future or present perfect Haber Haya, hayas, haya, hayamos, hayais, hayan Add the past Participle- Ar-Ado/ Er-Ido/ Ir-Ido

18. Se Impersonal Can be used in all verb tenses “se” is always used in the 3rd person Can replace an indirect object pronoun- “se lo”

19. Saber vs. Conocer Saber is to know facts or information Conocer is to know people, places, things, or literary works

20. Formal Commands Ar- Conjugate to the yo form and drop the “o” and add an “e” Er- Conjugate to the yo form and drop the “o” and add an “a” Ir- Conjugate to the yo form and drop the “o” and add an “a”

21. Irregular Formal Commands Tener- Tenga Venir- Venga Dar- De Ir- Vaya Ser- Sea Hacer- Haga Estar- Esté Saber- Sepa

22. Informal Commands Affirmative- Conjugate to the “tu” form and drop the “s” Negative- Change to the “yo” form, change to opposite ending, and add an “s”

24. Vengas

25. Digas

26. Vayas

27. Seas

28. Hagas

29. Estés

30. SepasDi Haz Ve Pon Sal Sé Ten Ven Negative Affirmative

31. Nosotros Commands Used when dealing with nosotros or “lets” in english Change the verb to the “yo” form Add the opposite vowel and add, “mos”

32. Mono Verbs The first “s” of the affirmative reflexive is dropped, that is “mosnos” goes to “monos” Irregulars- Vamonos, Vayamos If object pronouns are used they must be placed at the end of the affirmative commands

34. Affirmative- attach to the end of the command

38. (sentir)- to be sorry

39. (estriste)- It is sad

40. (Temer)- To fear

41. (Esperar)- To hope

42. Conjunctions of Time- Precedes the subjunctive after the subordinate clause

43. Asique

44. Hastaque

45. Cuando

49. Used always with nouns and verbs