VII CBSE

1. GRADE VII CBSE

2. Why should I study this lesson?
• To understand the principles of Indian
Democracy
• To list the different types of elections in India
• To analyse the process of elections
• To classify political parties in India
• To examine the functions of politicial parties

5. What is Democracy?
• Democracy is the system of government in
which all the citizens of a country have the
right to participate in the decision making
process of the government.
• In democracy people exercise their political
power by means of elections through which
they elect their representatives.

6. Check your understanding???
• WHAT IS DEMOCRACY?
• HOW DO PEOPLE EXERECISE THEIR POLITICAL
POWER IN DEMOCRACY?

7. PRINCIPLES OF INDIAN DEMOCRACY

8. Principles of Indian Democracy?
• Universal Adult Franchise
• Rule of Law
• Socio Economic Equality
• Religious Equality
• Political Equality

9. OR

12. Check your understanding???
• WHAT IS MEANT BY UNIVERSAL ADULT
FRANCHISE?

14. What is Election?
• An election is the competition between
candidates of different political parties for the
same position.
• The candidates who are not associated with
any political party can also participate in
elections. They are called as independent
candidates.

16. ELECTION SYMBOLS
• Symbol plays important role during elections
• Candidates are recognised on the basis of the
symbol of their parties.
• Every political party has a party symbol
approved by the ECI
• Political Parties use the same symbol
throughout the country to be identified easily
and connect with the masses.

17. Election Symbols

18. ELECTION CAMPAIGN
• Helps the candidate to canvass before the
elections.
• Involves the use of posters with photographs,
symbols and promises made by the parties to
seek votes.
• Public meetings-

19. Check your understanding???
• WHAT IS ELECTION?
• DESCRIBE TYPES OF ELECTIONS?
• BRIEF THE ROLE OF SYMBOLS IN ELECTIONS?
• IF YOU ARE A CANDIDATE CONTESTING IN
ELECTIONS, WHY SHOUD YOU CAMPAIGN?

21. CONSTITUENCIES
• Constituency is a political unit. It’s a body of
voters who elect a representative for their own
area.
• To make the process of election easier, the entire
country has been divided into a number of
political units called constituencies
• India has 543 (easy to remember as its in
descending order or 5-4=3) parliamentary
constituencies.
•

22. CONSTITUENCIES
• These constituencies are redrawn after each
census so that an increase and decrease in the
population of a region can be taken into account.
• The MLAs are elected members of a constituency
in state govt while the MPs are elected at the
central level.
• In order to ensure equality, seats are reserved in
the constituencies for SCs, STs and other
backward communities

25. Check your understanding???
• WHAT IS CONSTITUENCY?
• HOW AMNY CONSTITUENCIES ARE THERE IN
INDIA?
• WHAT IS CENSUS?

28. ELECTION SYMBOLS
• Symbol plays important role during elections
• Candidates are recognised on the basis of the
symbol of their parties.
• Every political party has a party symbol
approved by the ECI
• Political Parties use the same symbol
throughout the country to be identified easily
and connect with the masses.

29. Election Symbols

31. ELECTION CAMPAIGN
• Helps the candidates to canvass before
elections.
• Candidates use posters with photographs,
symbols and promises made by the parties.
• Public meetings are held where politicians and
candidates explain their party’s achievements
and also criticise their opponents on certain
issues.

32. How is environment
polluted due to election
campaigns?

36. LOGO OF ECI

37. ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA
• In order to conduct and supervise
parliamentary and state elections, Article 324
of the India Constitution has established an
independent constitutional body called the
Election Commission of India.
• Headquarters: Nirvachan Sadan-New Delhi
• Headed by Chief Election Commissioner.

38. RESPONSIBILITIES OF ELECTION
COMMISSION
• To conduct free and fair elections
• To update electoral rolls
• To declare nomination procedures
• To approve candidates
• To register political parties
• To monitor election campaigns

39. FIND OUT THE NAME OF THE PRESENT CHIEF
ELECTION COMMISSIONER OF INDIA

40. ECI
• The ECI is headed by CEC with 2 ECs.
• They are appointed by the President of India
• SEC consists of Chief Electoral Office and a group of
other officials such a civil servants.
• Voters list is prepared by the commission, where
the names of the adult citizens of the country are
listed.
• ECI provides the ID cards to citizens.
• Citizens can caste their vote at polling booths by
showing their identity cards.

41. RULES AND REGULATIONS

42. CASTING VOTES
From ballot
Voting
To EVM

45. • Political Party that gets the maximum no of votes
in an election is known as Majority Party.
• Majority Party becomes the ruling party, which
forms the government.
• The political party which secures the 2nd largest
no of seats in the Lok Sabha forms the opposition
party.

48. POLITICAL PARTIES
• A group of people who share similar views on
the country’s political issues form a political
party.
• They have common objectives, values and goals.
• Political parties play an important role in
modern democratic countries.
• A party can gain power through elections
• These parties work for the welfare of the people
and act as a link between the government and
citizens

50. NATIONAL PARTIES
• According to criteria set by the ECI a party
becomes a national party when:
1. It possesses 6%of the total valid votes polled in
minimum 4 states in a general election to the
Lok Sabha or State Legislative Assembly.
2. It has recognition as a state party in atleast four
states.
3. It secures minimum 2% seats in Lok Sabha.
These members should be elected form at least
3 different states.

54. LIST THE

60. Meaning
• According to the Constitution of India every
individual of our country is equal before the law.
• No individual is above the law of the land.

61. SOCIO-ECONOMIC, RELIGIOUS AND
POLITICAL EQUALITY
• In India, the citizens are granted socio-
economic, religious and political equality by the
Indian Constitution.
• There should be no discrimination.
• Economic Equality: Provision of equal
employment opportunities and fair wages to all.
• Constitution seeks to ensure that no worker is
exploited by any employer.
• Every Indian citizen has the right to participate
in the political system of the country.