1. Chi-Cheng Chang 張基成 I-Jung Chen 陳怡容 , [email_address] Gina Wen-Chun Chen 陳玟君 UbiLearn 2010, April 12, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

2. Statement of the Problem

5. Mobile learning(m-learning) “ Any sort of learning that happens when the learner is not in a fixed, predetermined location , or learning that happens when the learner takes advantage of the learning opportunities offered by mobile technologies .” (O'Malley et al, 2003)

6. MALL Applications (Mobile assisted language learning)

7. The Study

8. Theoretical Framework Nomadic inquiry: Visiting the museums, science centers, or galleries along with the handheld devices (Hsi, 2003)

9. MALL in Action

12. Procedure

13. Interface (PDA Screen Shots)

16. Results (I): Operation of the Device and Perception of the Learning Environment Items Agree (%) Strongly agree (%) Total (%) 1. It is easy to operate the PDA. 48 14 62 2. The audio quality of PDA is good. 55.3 12.7 68 3. It is hard to concentrate on my study with a lot of things going around in the zoo. 37.3 12.7 50

17. Result (II): Attitudes toward the Learning Tool Items Agree (%) Strongly agree (%) Total (%) 4. It is novel to study L2 using mobile devices. 52 40 92 5. Mobile devices enhance my interests in L2 learning. 51.3 32 83.3 6. Mobile language learning improves my language learning outcomes. 50.7 24.7 75.4 7. It is convenient to study L2 using mobile device. 50 31.3 81.3

18. Result (III): Intention of Future Use Items Agree (%) Strongly agree (%) Total (%) 8. I would like to use mobile devices to study L2 again. 54 23.3 77.3 9. I would like to apply m-learning to other school subjects. 52 25.3 77.3 10. I would like to recommend other people to use mobile devices as a learning tool. 51.3 24.7 76

19. Result (IV): Open-ended Questions