Weitere ähnliche Inhalte Mehr von Himanshu Soni (6) 2. vew vkSjoqQekj psUubZ esa
,d cl ls lI+kQjdj jgs
gSaA 'kgj ds vyx&vyx
bykdksals xqtjrs gq, os
tylqfoèkkvksa dks ns[krstk
jgs gSa--- lSnkisV
5. psUubZ ds yksx vkSj ikuh
Jh jkexksiky tSls vkyk ljdkjh vI+kQlj psUubZ ds vUukuxj esa jgrs
gSaAHkjiwj ikuh ds fNM+dko ds dkj.k gjs&Hkjs ckx&cxhpksa okyk ;g
bykdk [kklk vkdTkZdgSA ;gk¡ds uyksa esa 24 ?kaVsikuh jgrk gSAtc
ikuh dh vkiwfrZde gksrhgS rks Jh jkexksiky uxj ty fuxe esa
ifjfpr ,d cM+svI+kQlj ls ckrdjrs gSa vkSjI+kQkSju muds fy, ikuh
ds VSadj dk barTkke gkstkrk gSA
'kgj dsT;knkrj bykdksa dh rjg eSykiqj esa lqcze.;udsvikVZesaV
esa Hkh ikuh dh dehgSA ;gk¡uxjikfydk nks fnu esa ,dckjikuh
miyC/ djkrh gSA oqQN yksxksa dh Tk:jrsa futh cksjosy ls iwjh gks
tkrh gSaA ysfdu cksjosy dk ikuh [kkjk gSAyksx mls 'kkSpky; vkSj
lkI+kQ&lI+kQkbZ ds fy, gh bLrseky djrs gSaA nwljs dkeksa dsfy, VSadjksa
dk ikuh [kjhnuk iM+rk gSA lqcze.;uVSadjksa ls ikuh [kjhnus ds fy,
gj eghus500&600 #i, [kpZdjrs gSaA ihus ds ikuh dks lkI+kQ djus
ds fy, yksxksa us ?kjksa esa ghty'kksèku midj.k yxok, gq, gSaA
6. eMhikDde ds ,d edkuesa f'kok igyh eafty esafdjk, ij jgrk
gSA mls pkjfnu esa ,d ckjikuh feyrk gSA ikuh dh dehds
dkj.k ogvius ifjokj dks psUubZ ugha yk ik jgk gSAihus ds
fy, f'kok ckTkkj ls ikuh dhcksrysa [kjhnrk gSAin~ek
?kjsyw ukSdjkuh gSA oglSnkisV esa dkedjrh gSvkSj ikl
gh,d >qXxh cLrh esa jgrh gSAmldh >qXxhdk fdjk;k 650
#i,ekgokj gSA mldh >qXxhesa urks 'kkSpky; gS vkSj u
ghikuh dk vU;lzksr gSA blrjg dh 30 >qfXx;ksa ds fy,
dksus esa ,dgh uy gSA bl uy esajksTk 20 feuV ds fy, ,d
cksjosy ls ikuh vkrkgSA bl nkSjku ,difjokj dks T;knk ls
T;knk 3ckfYV;k¡Hkjus dk ekSdk feyrk gSAblh ikuh dks
yksx ugkus] èkksus vkSj ihus ds fy, bLrseky djrs gSaA
xfeZ;ksa esa ikuh bruk degks tkrk gS fd dbZifjokjksa dks
ikuh gh ugha fey ikrkA mUgsa VSadjksa dk ?kaVksa
barTkkj djuk iM+rk gSA
7. thou vkSjLokLF; ds fy, ikuhvko';d gSA u dsoy ;g gekjh
nSfud Tk:jrksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, vko';d gS] cfYd ihus dk
lkI+kQ ikuhcgqr lkjhikuhls gksusokyh chekfj;ksa dks Hkh jksdldrk
gSA Hkkjr dh fLFkfr ;g gS fd ftu ns'kksaesa nLr] isfp'k] gStk tSlh
chekfj;ksads lclsT;knkekeys lkeusvkrs gSa] muesa mldk LFkku
dkI+kQh Åijvkrk gSA ikuhls lacafèkrchekfj;ksa ds dkj.kgjjksTk
1600 lsT;knk Hkkjrh;ekSr ds eq¡g easpys tkrs gSaA muesa ls T;knkrj
ik¡p lkyls Hkhde mez ds cPps gksrs gSaA vxj yksxksads iklihus
dk ikuhlgt :i ls miyC/ gks rks bu ekSrksadks jksdktk ldrkgSA
9. mPpU;k;ky;kasvkSj loksZPpU;k;ky; us dbZ eqdneksaesa ;gdgk
gS fd lqjf{kris;ty dk vfèkdkjHkh ekSfyd vf/dkjksa esa ls ,d
gSA oqQN fnuigys 2007 esa vkaèkz çns'k mPpU;k;ky; us ikuhesa
xanxhds loky ijegcwc uxj ftys ds ,d fdlku }kjkfy[ks x,
i=k ds vkèkkjijpyh lquokbZ esa bl ckr dks fiQjnksgjk;kgSA i=k
Hkstusokys fdlkudh f'kdk;r Fkh fd,d diM+k cukus okyh
oaQiuh xk¡ods iklfLFkr tyèkkjkesa foTkSys jlk;uNksM+ jghgSA
mlls HkwfexrikuhnwfTkr gks x;kgS tks fdflapkbZvkSj ihusds ikuh
dk Ïksr gSA bl eqdnes ds vkèkkj ijU;k;kèkh'kksaus egcwc uxjds
fTkyk dysDVj dks vkns'k fn;kfd og xk¡ods çR;sd O;fDrdks
gjjksTk 25 yhVj ikuhmiyCèkdjk,¡A
10. ikuhdh rjg oqQN vU; lqfoèkk,¡ HkhgSa ftudkgj O;fDr ds fy,
barTkke fd;ktkuk pkfg,A fiNys lky vkius LokLF; vkSjLoPNrk]
bu nks lqfoèkkvksa ds ckjs esa i<+k FkkA blhrjg fctyh] lkoZtfud
ifjogu]fo|ky; vkSj dkWyst Hkhvfuok;Z phTksagSaA bUgsa
tulqfoèkk,¡
ds uke lstkuk tkrk gSA
11. fdlh tulqfoèkk dh ,d egÙoiw.kZ fo'ksTkrk ;g gksrh gS fd ,d ckj
fuekZ.kgks tkus ds cknmldk cgqr lkjsyksxbLrseky dj ldrs
gSaA
elyu vxjxk¡o esa ,d LowQy cukfn;k tk,rks mlls cgqr lkjs
cPpksa dks f'k{kkfeyrh gSA blhrjg fdlh bykds esafctyh dh
vkiwfrZ cgqr lkjsyksxksads fy, I+kQk;nsean gks ldrh gS %
fdlku vius
[ksrksa dh flapkbZds fy, iailsVpyk ldrs gSa] yksxfctyh ls
pyus
okyh NksVh&eksVhooZQ'kkWi [kksyldrs gSa] fo|kfFkZ;ksa
dks i<+us&fy[kus
esa vklkuhgks tkrh gS vkSjfdlh u fdlh rjhds ls xk¡o ds
vf/dka'k yksxksadks I+kQk;nk gksrkgSA
12. pw¡fd tulqfoèkk,¡bruh egÙoiw.kZgSa] blfy, mUgsa eqgS;k djkusdh
fTkEesnkjhHkh fdlhu fdlhds mQijTk:jvkuhpkfg,A thgk¡] ;g
fTkEesnkjhljdkj ds mQijvkrh gSA ljdkj dh cgqr lkjh egÙoiw.kZ
fTkEesnkfj;ksaesa ls ,d ;g gS fdog lHkhyksxksa dks bl rjg dh
tulqfoèkk,¡eqgS;kdjk,A vkb,] blckr dks le>sa fd;g fTkEesnkjh
ljdkj (vkSj dsoy ljdkj) dks gh D;ksa mBkuhpkfg,A
13. gens[k pqds gSa fdfuthoaQifu;k¡equkI+ksQ ds fy, pyrh gSaA d{kk7
dhiqLrd esa ^ckTkkj esa ,d dehTk*vè;k; dks i<+ dj vki;g
le>pqds gksaxsA T;knkrjtulqfoèkkvksa esa equkI+ksQ dh xqatkb'kugha
gksrhA
mnkgj.kds fy, ukfy;ksa dks lkI+kQ j[kus ;k eysfj;k&jksèkh vfHk;ku
pykus ls fdlh oaQiuhdks D;k equkI+kQkgks ldrk gS iQyLo:i dksbZ
futhoaQiuh bl rjg ds dkeksa esa fnypLihughaysxhA
14. ysfdu LowQy vkSj vLirky tSlh oqQN tulqfoèkkvksa esa futh oaQifu;ksa
dksfnypLih gks ldrh gSA gekjsikl bl vk'k; ds cgqr lkjs
mnkgj.k gSaA vxj vki 'kgj esa jgrs gSa rks vkius dbZ txg futh
oaQifu;ksa dks VSadjksa ;k lhycan cksryksa ds Tkfj, ikuh dh vkiwfrZ djrs
gq, Hkh ns[kk gksxkA ,slh fLFkfr;ksa esa futh oaQifu;k¡ tulqfoèkk,¡ rks
eqgS;k djkrh gSa] ysfdu mudh dher bruh T;knk gksrh gS fdpan
yksx gh mldk [kpZ mBk ikrs gSaA ;g lqfoèkklLrh nj ij lHkh yksxksa
ds fy, miyCèk ugha gksrhA ftruk[kpZ djsaxs yksx mlds eqrkfcd
gh lqfo/k,¡ ik,¡xs] ;fn ;g lkekU;fu;e cu tk, rks cM+h eqf'dy
gksxhA bldkurhTkk ;g gksxk fdtks bu lqfo/kvksa ds ,ot esa [kpZ
ugha dj ik,¡xs os lEekutud thou thus ls oafpr jg tk,¡xsA
15. Hkkjrh;lafo/ku6 ls14 oTkZdh vk;q ds
lHkh cPpksadks f'k{kk ds vf/dkj dh
xkjaVhnsrk gSA bl vf/dkj dk egÙoiw.kZ
igyw ;g gSfdlHkh cPpksa dksleku :i
ls LowQyh f'k{kk miyC/ gksA ysfdu f'k{kk
ijvè;;u djusokys dk;ZdÙkkvksa ,oa
'kks/kfFkZ;ksa ds fuTdTkks± ls;g rF; lkeus
vk;k gSfd Hkkjr esa LowQyh f'k{kk esa ges'kk
ls dkI+kQh vlekurk jgh gSA
fdlh
16. ;g dksbZ vPNk fodYi ugha gSA tulqfoèkkvksa dk lacaèkyksxksa dh
ewyHkwr lqfo/kvksa ls gksrk gSA fdlh Hkhvkèkqfud lektds fy,
Tk:jhgS fdogk¡ bu lqfoèkkvksa dk barTkke gks rkfdyksxksa dh
ewyHkwr Tk:jrsa iwjh dh tkldsaA lafoèkkuesa thouds vfèkdkj dk
tks vk'oklu fn;k x;k gS og ns'kds lHkhyksxksa dks çkIr gSA
blfy, tulqfoèkk,¡eqgS;kdjkus dhfTkEesnkjhykfteh rkSj ij
ljdkj ds mQijgh vkuhpkfg,A
17. ljdkjdks tulqfoèkkvksa ds fy, iSlkdgk¡ ls feyrk gS
vki gj lkylqursgksaxs fdljdkjus lalnesa ctV is'kfd;k gSA
ctV ds Tkfj,ljdkjvius uI+ksQ&uqdlku dk C;kSjk is'k djrhgSA
blesa ljdkjfiNyslkyds [kpks± dk [kkrk is'kdjrhgSvkSj
vxys lkyds [kpks± dh;kstuk lkeusj[krhgSA
ctV esa ljdkjdks bl ckr dk Hkh ,syku djukiM+rkgS fd
vxys lkydh ;kstukvksa ds fy,iSlsdh O;oLFkk dgk¡ ls dh
tk,xhA turklsfeyus okyk dj ljdkjdh vkenuh dk eq[;
tfj;k gksrk gSAturk lsdj olwydjus vkSj mUgsa lkoZtfud
dk;ZØeksa ij[kpZ djus dk ljdkjdks iwjkvfèkdkj gksrk gSA
mnkgj.k ds fy,ikuh dh vkiwfrZds fy, ljdkjdks ikuh
fudkyus] ikuhdks nwjrdigq¡pkus] ikbiksa dk tkyfcNkus] ikuh
dks lkiQdjus vkSj vkf[kj esa xans ikuhdks fBdkusyxkus ij[kpZ
djuk iM+rkgSAljdkj bu [kpks± dks oqQN gnrddjksa ds Tkfj,
vkSj oqQN gn rdikuhdh dher olwydjds iwjkdjrhgSAikuh
dh dher bl rjgr; dhtkrhgS fdT;knkrj yksx jksTkkuk ,d
fuf'prek=kk esaikuh dk [kpZmBk ldsaA
18. ljdkjiwjh vkcknhds fy, leqfpr LokLF; lqfoèkkvksa dh O;oLFkk djus esa vge
Hkwfedk
fuHkkrh gSA iksfy;kstSlh chekfj;ksadk mUewyu Hkhblh rjg dh ;kstukvksads rgr
vkrk gSA
bl fp=k esa ,d NksVscPps dks iksfy;ks dh [kqjkdnh tk jgh gSA
19. vew& ns[kkrqeus]lSnkisVdh lM+dsafdruh
mQcM+&[kkcM+FkhalM+dksaij cÙkh Hkh ugha
FkhA irkughajkresa ogk¡D;kgkyrgksrhgksxh!
oqQekj&fdlh>qXxhcLrhesarqevkSj D;kmEehndjksxh!
vew& >qXxh cfLr;k¡,slh D;ksagksrhgSaD;kogk¡tulqfoèkk,¡ugha gksuhpkfg,
oqQekj&esjs[k;kyesa tulqfoèkk,¡muyksxksadsfy,gksrhgSatkscfLr;ksaesaBhd&Bkd?kjksaesa jgrsgSaAogh yksx
gSatks
dj pqdkrsgSaA
vew& ljdkj dhfTkEesnkjhgS fdogdsoy^Bhd&Bkd*cfLr;ksadksgh ugha]cfYdlHkh dkstulqfoèkk,¡eqgS;kdjk,A
rqe,slsD;ksadgjgs gks D;kcLrhdsyksxns'k dsukxfjdughagSa mudsHkh rksoqQNvf/dkjgSaA
oqQekj(xqLlsesa)& ij ,slsrksljdkj fnokfy;kgkstk,xh!
vew& pkgstksgks] mlsjkLrkrksfudkyukiM+sxkAD;krqedYiuk dj ldrsgksfdlM+d] ikuh]fctyhdsfcuk>qfXx;ksa
esaftanxhdslh gksxh
oqQekj&vjs---!
vew& gekjslafoèkkuesacgqrlkjhtulqfoèkkvksadksthoudsvfèkdkjdk fgLlkekukx;kgSA ljdkjdksblckr
dkè;ku j[kukpkfg,fdbu vfèkdkjksadhvogsyuku gksrkfdgj O;fDr,dlEekutudthouth ldsA
vki fdldh jk; ls lger gSa
20. 1- tulqfoèkk,¡ D;kgksrhgSa tulqfoèkk,¡ eqgS;kdjkus dhfTkEesnkjhljdkj ij D;ksa gksuh
pkfg,
2- ljdkj oqQN tulqfoèkkvksa ds fy, futhoaQifu;ksa dk Hkhlgkjk ys ldrh gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,
lM+dsa
cukusds BsdsfuthoaQifu;ksa ;kBsdsnkjksadks Hkhfn,tkrs gSaA fnYyhesa fctyhds
forj.k dk dke nks
futhoaQifu;ksa ds gkFk esa gSA ysfduljdkj dks bu oaQifu;ksa ij dM+huTkjj[kuh pkfg,
vkSj ;g
lqfuf'pr djuk pkfg, fdos bu lqfoèkkvksa dks lLrh dherij lHkh yksxksa rd igq¡pkus ds y{;
dks
iwjk djus esasdksbZ dlj u NksM+saA
vkidks ,slk D;ksa yxrk gS fd tulqfoèkkvksa dhfTkEesnkjhljdkj ds mQij ghgksuh pkfg,
tcfd ogbu dkeksa dks futhoaQifu;ksa ds Tkfj, Hkhdjok ldrh gS
21. 3- vius ?kjds ikuhds fcy dks ns[ksavkSjirk yxk,¡fd vkidsbykds esa uxjikfydkty dh
U;wure dher D;k gSA vxj vki T;knkikuhdk bLrseky djrs gSa rks D;k mldh njHkh
c<+ tkrh gS ikuh ds T;knkbLrseky ijc<+h gqbZ njls fcy olwy djus ds ihNsljdkjdk
D;k mís'; gS
4- fdlh osruHkksxhdeZpkjh] viukO;olk;@iQSDVjh pykus okys O;fDr vkSj,d
nqdkunkj ls ckr djds
irk yxk,¡ fd yksxfdl&fdl rjg ds dj ljdkjdks pqdkrs gSaA vius urhtksa dks d{kk esa
f'k{kd dks
fn[kk,¡vkSj ppkZ djsaA
23. de nwjh ds fy, clsagh lkoZtfudifjogu dk lclsegÙoiw.kZ lkèkugSaA T;knkrj
dkedkth yksxclksals gh viuh eafty rd igq¡prs gSaA rsTk 'kgjhdj.kds dkj.kcM+s
'kgjksa esaHkh lkoZtfud cl ç.kkyhTk:jr ds
fglkc ls de lkfcr gksrh tk jgh gSA bl deh dks iwjkdjus ds fy, fnYyh rFkk vU;
egkuxjksaesa ljdkjus eSVªks jsy ifj;kstukds :i esa ,d egÙokdka{kh ;kstuk 'kq: dh
gSA fnYyh esa eSVªks jsy ds igys [kaMdk fuekZ.k
djus ds fy, ljdkjhctV ls 11] 000 djksM+ #i,dk [kpkZ fd;k x;kgSA oqQN yksxksadk
dguk gS fd vxj ljdkjlkoZtfud clç.kkyhesa lqèkkj ijè;ku nsrh rks brus Hkkjh[kpsZ
dh Tk:jr u iM+rh vkSjyksxksadh Tk:jr Hkhiwjhgks tkrhA vkidks D;k yxrkgS
vkidhjk; esa ns'k ds nwljs Hkkxksadsfy, D;k gy <w¡<+k tk ldrk gS
24. blesa dksbZ 'kd ughafd tulqfoèkk,¡ lHkh dks eqgS;k gksuhpkfg,A ysfdu gdhdr esa ,slk
ughagSA cgqr lkjs LFkkuksa ij ,slhlqfoèkkvksa dk Hkkjh vHkko gSA bl vè;k;ds vxys
fgLlksa esa vki ikuhdh O;oLFkk ds ckjs esa i<+saxsA ;gtulqfo/k cgqr ek;usj[krh gSA
tSlk fd bl vè;k;dh 'kq#vkr esa geusns[kkFkk] psUubZesa ikuh dh Hkkjh dehgSA
uxjikfydk dhvkiwfrZ ls 'kgj dh yxHkx vkèkhTk:jrgh iwjh gks ikrhgSA oqQN bykdksa esa
fu;fer:ils ikuh vkrk gSA oqQN bykdksa esa cgqrde ikuhvkrk gSA tgk¡ ikuh dk HkaMkj.k
fd;k x;kgS mlds vklikl ds bykdksa esa T;knkikuhvkrkgS] tcfd nwjdh cfLr;ksadks deikuh
feyrk gSA
tykiwfrZ esa dehdk cks> T;knkrjxjhcksa ij iM+rk gSA tc eè;eoxZ
ds yksxksa ds lkeus ikuhdh fdYyriSnk gks tkrh gS rks bl oxZds yksx
T;knkvklkuh ls bldk gy <w¡<+ ysrsgSaA os cksjosy[kksn dj] VSadjksa ls
ikuh[kjhn dj ;kcksrycanikuh [kjhn dk viuk dke pykysrsgSaA
25. xzkeh.k bykdksa esa euqT;ksa vkSj eosf'k;ksa]nksuksads fy, ikuhdh
Tk:jr iM+rh gSA ;gk¡ oqQvk¡] gSaMiai]rkykc vkSj dHkh&dHkkjNr ij
fLFkrVafd;ksa ls ikuhfeyrk gSA buesa ls T;knkrjfuthLokfeRoesa gSaA
'kgjhbykdksa ds eqdkcys xzkeh.kbykdksa esa lkoZtfudtykiwfrZ dk vkSj
Hkh T;knkvHkko gSA
26. fdlkuksalsikuhNhuuk
ikuhdh deh us futhoaQifu;ksa ds fy, equkI+ksQds u, jkLrs [kksy fn,
gSaA cgqr lkjh futhoaQifu;k¡'kgj
ds vkliklds bykdksa ls ikuh[kjhndj 'kgjksaesa csprh gSaA psUubZ esa
ekeanwj]ikyqj] dk#ufx>htSls dLcksa
vkSj 'kgjds mÙkj esa fLFkr xk¡oksa ls ikuhyk;k tkrk gSA 13] 000 ls Hkh
T;knkVSadj bl dke esa yxs gq, gSaA
gjeghus ikuhds O;kikjhfdlkuksa dks is'kxhjde nsrs gSa rkfd os fdlkuksa
dh Tkehuls ikuhfudky ldsaA
bl rjgu dsoy [ksrh dkikuhfNutkrkgS] cfYd xk¡oksads fy, ihus ds ikuh
dh vkiwfrZ Hkhde iM+us
yxrh gSA urhTkk;g gS fd bu lkjs dLcksa vkSj xk¡oksa esa Hkwfexrty Lrj
cgqr cqjh rjg fxj pqdk gSA
27. fodYiksadh ryk'k
psUubZ dh fLFkfr dksbZ vuwBh ugha gSA xfeZ;ksads
eghuksa esa ikuhdh deh dk ;g gky ns'k ds nwljs'kgjksa esa
Hkh fn[kkbZnsus yxrk gSA uxjikfydkdh tykiwfrZ esa deh ls
fuiVus ds fy, futh oaQifu;k¡ T;knk lsT;knk bykdksa esa
I+kSQyrh tk jgh gSaA ;s oaQifu;k¡ vius equkI+ksQ ds fy, ikuh
csprh gSaA ikuhds bLrseky esaHkh TkcjnLr xSj&cjkcjh
fn[kkbZnsrh gSA 'kgjh bykdksaesa çfr O;fDr yxHkx 135
yhVjikuh çfrfnu feyuk pkfg,A ikuhdh ;g ek=kkyxHkx7
ckYVh ds cjkcjgSA 'kgjh ty vk;ksxus ;g ek=kkr; dh gSA ysfdu
>qXxh cfLr;ksa esa yksxksadks jksTkkukçfr O;fDr 20 yhVj
ikuh(,d ckYVh) Hkhugha feyrkA nwljhrjI+kQ vkyh'kku
gksVyksa esa jgus okysyksxksadks jksTkkukçfr O;fDr 1600
yhVj(80 ckYVh) rd ikuhfeyrk gSA
ppkZdjsa % vxj ljdkj tykiwfrZ
dh
fTkEesnkjh ls gkFk [khap ysrks
D;k gksxk
D;k vkidks yxrkgS fd;g lgh dne
gksxk
28. uxjikfydkds Tkfj, tykiwfrZ esa deh dks vdlj ljdkjdh
ukdke;kchekuktkrkgSA oqQN yksxksa dh nyhy gS fdpw¡fdljdkj
Tk:jr ds fglkcls ikuheqgS;k ughadjok ik jghgS vkSj cgqr lkjs
'kgjhty foHkkx?kkVs esa py jgs gSa] blfy, tykiwfrZdk dke futh
oaQifu;kasdks lkSaifn;ktkuk pkfg,A mUgsa yxrk gS fdfuth
oaQifu;k¡
T;knk csgrj dke dj ldrh gSaA
29. bl nyhy dh jks'kuhesa fuEufyf[kr rF;ksa ijfopkj dhft,&
1- nqfu;k Hkjesa tykiwfrZ dh fTkEesnkjhljdkjijjgh gSA futh
tykiwfrZ O;oLFkk ds mnkgj.k cgqr de gSaA
2- nqfu;k esa dbZ ,sls {ks=k gSa tgk¡ lkoZHkkSfed tykiwfrZ lcyksxksa
rd igq¡p pqdh gS (uhps ckWDlns[ksa)A
3- tgk¡ tykiwfrZ dh fTkEesnkjhfuth oaQifu;ksa dks lkSaihxbZ] ,sls
oqQN ekeyksa esaikuh dh dher esa HkkjhbTkkI+kQkgqvkA bldkj.k
ogk¡ cgqr lkjsyksxksads fy, ikuhdk [kpkZ mBkuklaHkougha gks
ik;kA,sls 'kgjksaesa yksxksads fo'kkyçn'kZu gq,A cksyhfo;kvkfn
ns'kksaesa rks naxsHkhiQSy x, ftlds nckoesa ljdkjdks tykiwfrZ
O;oLFkk futh gkFkksals Nhu dj nksckjkvius gkFkksaesa ysuh iM+hA
30. 4- Hkkjr esa ljdkjh ty foHkkxksa dh liQyrk ds dbZmnkgj.k jgs
gSaAysfdu ;s mnkgj.k degSa vkSj mudh liQyrk oqQN {ks=kksa esa
ghlhfer fn[kkbZ nsrh gSA eqacbZdk tykiwfrZ foHkkx vius [kpks±
dks iwjk djus ds fy, ty 'kqYd dsTkfj, i;kZIriSlk tqVk ysrk
gSA gkygh dh ,dfjiksVZ ls irk pyrk gS fd gSnjkckn esa ty
foHkkx ds nk;js esabTkkI+kQk gqvk gSvkSjmldh vkenuh c<+hgSA
psUubZ esa ty foHkkx usoTkkZ ty lap; dsfy, dbZ ;kstuk,¡
'kq: dhgSa rkfd Hkwfexr tyLrj esa lqèkkj yk;k tk ldsA ogk¡
ij ikuh dh <qykbZ vkSj forj.k ds fy, futh oaQifu;ksa dhHkh
lsok,¡ yh tk jgh gSa]ysfdu ikuh ds VSadjksa dh nj ljdkjh
tykiwfrZ foHkkx ghr;djrkgS vkSj oghmUgsa dkedjus dh
btktr nsrk gSAblfy, bu VSadjksa dks ^vuqcafèkr* dgktkrk gSA
mQij dsHkkx esa vk, eq[; fopkjksa ij
ppkZdjsaA tykiwfrZ esa lqèkkj dsfy,
vkidh jk; esa D;k fd;k tk ldrk gS
D;k vkidks ,slk yxrkgS fd ikuh vkSj
fctyhtSls lalkèkuksa dks cpkuk vkSj
lkoZtfud ifjogu lkèkuksa dk T;knk
bLrseky djuk csgrj gS
31. eqacbZdhmiuxjh; jsyos ,dvPNh lkoZtfud ifjogu ç.kkyh gSA;g nqfu;k dk lcls ?kuk ;krk;krekxZ
gSA ;gjsyos gjjksTk 65
yk[k ;kf=k;ksa dks,d txg ls nwljh txg ys tkrh gSA300 fdyksehVj ls Hkh T;knk yacs usVooZQij
pyus okyh bu LFkkuh; Vªsuksa ds
Tkfj, nwj&nwj jgus okys yksx Hkh 'kgj esa dke <w¡<+usvkrsgSaA bl ckrij xkSj djsa fd 'kgjksa esa
jgu&lgu dhHkkjh ykxr ds dkj.k
lkèkkj.k esgurd'k yksx 'kgj esaugha jgldrsA
vè;k;
32. ¶ ^gekjsfy, ik[kkus@'kkSpky;!*
mUgksausgSjkuh ls dgkA
^ge rks ckgj[kqys esa tkdj viukdke fuiVk
ysrs gSaA*
^ySVªhu rks rqEgkjs tSls cM+s yksxksads
fy, gksrh gSA* ¸
^vNwrksa* dh f'kdk;rksa dks;kn djrs gq,
egkRek xkaèkhdk oDrO;]
jktdksV LoPNrk lfefr] 1896-
33. ihus ds lkiQ ikuhds vykok ;g Hkh Tk:jhgS fd ikuhls iQSyus okyhchekfj;ksadks
jksdus ds fy,
LoPNrk dk è;ku j[kktk,A ysfdu Hkkjresa LoPNrk lqfoèkkvksa dk nk;jkrks tykiwfrZ
ls HkhNksVk gSA
2001 ds ljdkjh vk¡dM+ksa ls irk pyrk gS fd Hkkjr ds 68 çfr'kr ifjokjksads iklis;ty dh
lqfoèkk
miyCèk gS] tcfd LoPNrk lqfoèkk,¡ (?kjds Hkhrj 'kkSpky;) 36 çfr'kr ifjokjksaesa gh
miyCèk gSaA ;gk¡
Hkh xzkeh.k vkSj'kgjh bykdksa ds xjhcksadh fLFkfr T;knkdeTkksj fn[kkbZnsrh
gSA
34. xSj&ljdkjhlaxBu^lqyHk baVjus'kuy* fiNysrhu n'kd ls fuEu&tkfr] fuEu&vk;oxZ
yksxksads lkeus
ekStwn LoPNrk ds vHkkodh leL;k ls fuiVusds fy, dksf'k'kdj jgk gSA bl laxBuus
75]000 ls
T;knklkoZtfud 'kkSpky; bdkb;k¡ vkSj12]00]000 ls T;knkfuth 'kkSpky; cuk,gSa ftlls
,d djksM+
yksxbu lqfoèkkvksa dk ykHk mBk jgs gSaA lqyHk dh lqfoèkkvksa dk bLrseky djus
okys T;knkrjxjhc
esgurd'k oxZds yksx gksrs gSaA
lqyHk us ljdkjhiSlsls 'kkSpky; bdkb;k¡ cukusds fy, uxjikfydkvksa;k vU; LFkkuh;
fudk;ksa ds
lkFkvuqcaèk Hkhfd, gSaA LFkkuh;foHkkxbu lsokvksadh LFkkiukds fy, Tkehu
vkSjiSlk eqgS;k djkrs gSa
tcfd j[k&j[kkodh ykxr dbZ ckjç;ksDrkvksa ls feyusokys iSlsls iwjh dh tkrh gS
('kgjksa esa
'kkSpky;ksads bLrseky ij,d#i;k 'kqYd fy;k tkrkgS)A
35. vxyh ckj tc vki lqyHk 'kkSpky; dks ns[ksaxsrks gks ldrkgS [kqn
;g tkuuk pkgsa fd ;s 'kkSpky;
dslsgksrs gSa!
D;kvkidks yxrk gS fd leqfpr
LoPNrk lqfoèkkvksa ds vHkko ls yksxksa
dk thou çHkkforgksrk gS dsls
vkidks ,slk D;ksa yxrk gS fd blls
vkSjrksa vkSj yM+fd;ksa ij T;knkxgjk
vlj iM+sxk
36. 2001 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj 44 çfr'kr xzkeh.k?kjksa esa fctyh igq¡ppqdh gSA
bldk eryc;g gS fd yxHkx 7 djksM+ 80 yk[k ifjokj vHkhHkh v¡èksjs esa gSaA
37. tulqfoèkkvksa dk lacaèkgekjh cqfu;knh Tk:jrksa ls gksrkgSA Hkkjrh;lafoèkku esa
ikuh]LokLF;] f'k{kkvkfn vfèkdkjksa dks thou ds vfèkdkj dk fgLlk ekukx;k gSA bl
çdkj ljdkjdh ,d vge fTkEesnkjh;g curh gS fd og çR;sd O;fDr dks i;kZIr tulqfoèkk,¡
eqgS;k djok,A
ysfdu bl ekspsZij larksTktud çxfrugha gqbZgSA vkiwfrZ esa dehgS
vkSj forj.k esa Hkkjh vlekurk fn[kkbZ nsrh gSAegkuxjksa vkSj cM+s
'kgjksa ds eqdkcys dLcksa vkSjxk¡oksa esa rks bulqfoèkkvksa dh fLFkfr
vkSj Hkh [kjkc gSA laiUu cfLr;ksa ds eqdkcys xjhc cfLr;ksa esa lsokvksa
dh fLFkfr deTkksj gSA bu lqfoèkkvksa dks futh oaQifu;ksa ds gkFkksa esa
lkSai nsus ls leL;k gy gksus okyh ugha gSA fdlh Hkh lekèkkuesabl
egÙoiw.kZ rF;dks uTkjvankTk ugha fd;k tk ldrk fd ns'k ds
çR;sdukxfjd dks bu lqfoèkkvksa dks ikus dk vfèkdkj gS vkSj mls
;s lqfoèkk,¡ lerkijd <axls feyuh pkfg,A
39. Subject - Social science
Book - social and politic life
Book verson – Part iii
Book medium – Hindi
Chapter – Public facilities
Important points- Public facilities
- Water and people of chenai
