1. Feeding a
Billion Plus:
The Indian Way
29 October, 2012

3. India Today…
> 17% of the world‟s human & 11%
livestock population and counting
4.2% of the world‟s water
2.4% of the world‟s area
142 m ha cultivated & 60 m ha net irrigated
138% cropping intensity
52% of population earns livelihood in agriculture
14.0% contribution in GDP
10.5% earning of total exports

4. 2500 India in World Food Basket
2000 India World mt World India
1500 Cereals 2237.6 257.4
1000 Rice 455.6 104.3
500 Wheat 652.6 93.9
0 Coarse
1121.3 42.1
Meat
Cereals
Rice
Fish
Sugar
Wheat
Maize
Oilseed
Milk
Coarse Grains
Grains
Maize 889.2 21.5
Developed Near East Latin
Countries, na North
Asia and 19 Africa, 37
America
and the Oilseed 464.7 30
the Caribbean,
Pacific, 578 53
Sub-
Saharan
Sugar 165.7 26
Africa, 239
Meat 290.6 6.8
Undernourishment in 2010, by region (million) Milk 710 127
Exports: Rice 10 mmt, Wheat 2 mmt, Sugar 2 mmt,
Cotton 2.2 mmt, Fish 0.8 mmt
Fish 149.0 8.4

5. T.E. 1990-91
Livestock, 20%
Fisheries, 3%
Composition (%)
Forestry &
Logging, 22%
of Output of
Horticulture, 1
6%
Cereals, 23%
Agriculture &
Allied Sectors
Other Crops &
byproducts, 9
%
Fibres, 2%
Sugars, 4% Oilseeds, 7% Pulses, 4%
Fisheries, 5% Forestry &
Logging, 9%
Livestock, 25%
Cereals, 18%
Horticulture, 2
0%
T.E. 2011-12 Pulses, 3%
Oilseeds, 6%
Other Crops & Sugars, 4%
Source: CSO byproducts, 7%
Fibres, 3%

6. Total Domestic Demand for Various Food
Commodities: million tonnes
Present Projected for 2050
Food Items
2009-2010 BAU MM Upside
Cereals 196.4 311.5 358.7 406.9
Pulses 17.8 35.1 46.3 50.3
Foodgrains 214.2 346.6 405.0 457.1
Edible Oils 15.7 29.5 39.0 45.2
Vegetables 131.8 258.9 342.2 438.6
Fruits 71.2 231.0 305.3 183.4
Milk 111.5 303.7 401.4 483.6
Sugar 22.0 44.1 58.3 58.2
Meat 6.0 10.4 13.8 18.1
Eggs 58.2 139.2 183.9 202.5
Fish 7.1 16.9 22.4 27.0

7. Past and Required Growth Rate to Meet Domestic
Demand (%/year)
Projected for 2050
Items Historical
BAU MM Upside
Cereals 2.25 0.67 1.03 1.36
Sugar 2.57 1.39 2.12 2.11
Pulses 0.92 1.84 2.57 2.79
Edible oils 2.81 2.80 3.54 3.94
Vegetables 3.35 1.63 2.36 3.01
Fruits 3.31 2.90 3.64 2.29
Milk 4.39 2.26 2.99 3.49
Meat 4.22 1.31 2.04 2.75
Eggs 5.66 2.09 2.83 3.08
Fish 3.55 1.72 2.45 2.94
Total 1.92 2.57 2.82

8. Food Supply Management
INPUT SUPPORT
MINIMUM
FOOD
SUPPORT
PRODUCTION
PRICE
EXPORT
BUFFER
STOCK PDS BPL

9. Partners in Food Production and Distribution
Ministries of Central Government FARMERS/FISHERS
Ministry of Food & Public Department of Agricultural &
Distribution (MoFPD) Co-operation (DAC)
Indian Council
Department of Agricultural
Ministry of Agriculture of Agricultural
Research & Education (DARE)
Research (ICAR)
Ministry of Food Processing Department of Animal
Industry (MoFPI) Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries
(DAHD&F)
Ministry of Commerce
(MoC) State Governments
Ministry of Rural Financial Institutions
Development (MoRD)
Private Sector
Ministry of Environment &
Forests(MoEF) Farmers‟ Organisations
FARMERS/FISHERS

10. Agriculture & Food-related Schemes
National Food Security Mission (NFSM), 2007
National Agriculture Development Plan (RKVY),
2007
National Rural Employment Guarantee Act
(MGNREGA), 2006
Mid-day Meal Scheme, 2009
National Mission for Empowerment of Women,
2010
National Horticulture Mission (NHM)
Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS), 1975

11. Indian NARES
Research Institutes: Natural Resource
Management, Field Crops, Horticulture,
98
Animal Science, Fisheries, Engineering,
Education, Extension
63 State Agricultural Universities, CAU & DUs
630 Farm Science Centres (KVKs)
CGIAR – ICAR – Universities - KVKs

12. AgrInnovateIndia
Making a Difference in
NAIP
Indian Agriculture: NATP
NARP, National
The Journey of ICAR Gene Bank IVLP
King Baudouin
Award Lab-to-Land
programme
DARE
First KVK at
ASRB Puducherry
First SAU at
Pantnagar Commodity Research Institutes
under ICAR
ICAR IARI as Deemed-to-be
University
Imperial Council of
Agricultural Research IARI, Pusa shifted to
New Delhi
Imperial Bacteriological Laboratory in
Pune (shifted to Mukteshwar in 1893) Imperial Agricultural Research Institute

13. ICAR - Global Partnerships
No. of
Countries
MOUs 65
Work Plans of ICAR signed under
the umbrella MOUs of DST and 12
DAC and JCM of MEA
Bilateral/Multilateral Projects 50
CGIAR Collaborative Projects
Indo-African Fellowships
Indo-Afghanistan Fellowships
ICAR International Scholarships

14. Context and Concerns
More From Less For More
Stress Agriculture, Secondary
Agriculture, Speciality Agriculture
Agriculture-Food-Nutrition-Health-
Environment-Employment
Skill and Youth in Agriculture
Market Access

15. Biodiversity for Pressures on Natural
Posterity Resource Base
World (million ha) Deforestation
Land degradation 107.43
Estimated Species 10 million
Water erosion 57.15
Documented species 1.72 million
Degraded forests 24.90
India: Among the 12 Mega bio-
diversity Centres Wind erosion 10.46
India: 3 of the 34 Hot Spots of Salt-affected 6.32
Biodiversity Acid-affected 12.00 Soil erosion
12% of world‟s flora Others 8.60
7% of world‟s fauna
Per capita agricultural
National Bureaus of Plant,
land availability
Animal, Fish, Microbes and
0.34 ha (1950-51)
Insects
Desertification
0.17 ha (1999-2000)
0.12 ha (2010-2011)

16. Climate Change and Natural Disasters

17. Agro-ecosystem Specific Approach
Rainfed: resource-
based, farming system
perspective
Irrigated: Raising yield potential; 5 agro-ecosystems and
resource and input use efficiency; 14 production systems
residue management
Coastal: Agri-horti-fish
system, manage
risk, salinity, nutrient
Arid: Agri-horti-livestock-pastoral
system, manage abiotic
stress, soil fertility and wind
erosion
Hill & Mountain: Diversified
system, micro-interventions, cold

18. National Initiative on Climate
Resilient Agriculture (NICRA )
Identification of 15-20
heat/drought tolerant
crops‟ cultivars
Resilience to small and
marginal farmers and
reduce production losses
at least by 25-30%
Technology
demonstration in 100
districts of 27 States
18 x Oregon IIHR 544 7 – 6 x KTP4 tolerant to high
Capsicum (check) temperature (summer 2007)
Comparison of pod size and pod filling

19. Farm Science
Centres(KVKs)
West Tripura (Tripura)
Faridkot (Punjab)
Rajkot (Gujarat)
Phulwama (J & K)
Ropar (Punjab)
Senapati (Manipur)
Gondia (Maharashtra)

20. National Agricultural Drought Assessment & Monitoring System
.
Rainfall deviations
300
250
200
% deviation
150
June 100
50
0
-50 .
-100
12/6 19/6 6/6 3/710/7 17/7 24/7 31/7 7/8 14/8 21/8 28/8 4/9 11/9 18/9 25/9
July
Sowing progress
August
Integration with ground data
July September
September
October
-0.27 -0.26 0.05 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.40 0.50 >0.6 District/ Sub-District Level Drought Monitoring

21. 90
Rice varietal development
81
80 Yield (Q/ha) 72
67
70 59 59
60 57 60 59
60 55 51 55 55 69 52
51
58 46 45
50
53
40 45 45 45 45 45
42.5 43
30 37 38 35 35
20
10
0
Molecular Plant
Breeding
Improved
Pusa Basmati 1 Rice
Exports worth US$ 2.5
Rice Genome bn annually
Total sequence: 15 Mb
No. of genes: 2500
Chromosome 11 has 218 disease
resistance-like genes (> 20 % of
the whole genome)

22. Rice Knowledge Management Portal
To create, manage and share
scientific, technology-related and market-
related information for the benefit of the rice as
a sector
Information System for
Services
Extension
Research
Farmers
Distance Learning

23. Yield Potential (Q/ha)
0
10
20
40
50
70
30
60
33.7
36
45.5
46
46.8
44
45.1
45.7
45.8
45.4
35.3
42.5
47.1
Variety (Year of Release)
51.3
61.5
48.9
63
62.9
61.5
61
Landmark wheat releases in India
64.1

24. Corn
45
42
Food Feed
40
Industrial Total 35
35
Utilization (mt)
GR set for Agriculture: 4% 30 28
25 22.5
22
Required GR: 4.7%
20.5
20
16.5
15 12.5
Current GR: 6.4 % 10
7
8
6.5
9
10.5
6
4.5
5 3.5
Current GR > target 0
2011-12 2015-16 2020-21 2025-26
Current production 21.5 mt Year
30.00 3000
Production (m t)
25.00 Area (m ha) 2500
Productivity (kg/ha)
20.00 2000
Area, Production
Yield
15.00 1500
10.00 1000
5.00 500
0.00 0

25. Crop Variety Releases Breeder Seed Production in
„000 Quintals
Improvement in Seed Replacement Rate (SRR)
80
70
2004-05 2005-06
60
2006-07 2009 - 10
2007-08
50
40
30
20
10
0
Wheat Paddy Gram Moong Arhar Groundnut Rape/mustard Soybean

26. PPP: Crop Varieties: PUSA RH -10 and PUSA-1460 (Rice); HD 2967
(Wheat); and PEHM-5, QPM-9, Vivek Hybrid- 9 (Maize)
Commercialized to More than 40 Seed Companies

27. Transforming Farmers into
Agripreneurs
- Where Farmer Grows
Sensitization
Training & Capacity Building
Legal & Commercial Handholding

28. Net Water Productivity of Rice-Fish Farming Systems
7
R R-F R-F-HC R-FDF
6
5
25
4
3 6
5
2
4
1
6
12
0
2
4
8
10
14
16
US C/m3
R-Rice, R-F- Rice- fish, R-FHC- Rice- fish –hort. crops,
RFDF- Rice- fish diversified farming system

29. Horticulture Produces (mt)
Plantation Spices, 5.35 Mushroom,
Crops, 12.007 0.041
Aromatic, 0.
Honey, 0.065
605
Flowers, 70.0
58
Vegetable, 14
Fruits, 74.87 6.554
8

30. IPM & CBC
Partnership Model
for control of Papaya
mealy bug
Agri-Intelligence
Surveillance
Forecasting
Pseudleptomastix
Acerophagus papayae mexicana

31. Major Gains in Animal Production
281 India – leader in
250.00 Milk production (MT)
176.00
milk production
200.00 Per capita availability (g/day)
for a decade
124.00
150.00 112.00
127
100.00
Area-based
53.90
50.00 21.20
Mineral mixture
17.00
as a major
0.00
1950-51 1968-69 1990-91 2010-11
2006-07 intervention
65
50.00 Egg production (billion nos) 53
40.00 Per capita availability (nos/h/yr)
25.00
30.00 21.10
20.00
10.00
5.00 5.30
10.00 1.83
0.00
1950-51 1968-69 1990-91 2006-07
2010-11

32. ETT Mithun calf born from India's first Ovum pick up
cryopreserved embryo – IVF cattle calf
Ten Calves produced
in a year through ETT
Noori – Cloning Glory
AI in Pig

33. Aquaculture
Blue revolution through Carp Culture
Improved Rohu thru‟ selection
Diversified farming
Shrimp as a Dollar earner

34. Cage Farming
Fish vendors with insulated boxes
Fish
Festival

35. Farm mechanization
Machines demonstrated and found wide adoption in different regions
Power Tiller Rice-wheat mechanisation
Paddy transplanter Paddy drum seeder
Groundnut sheller Plastic mulching
Zero till drill Manual weeder

36. Machinery for Precision Farming
Multispectral camera
Collects reflectance and crop image data
of rice field N sensor
N-sensor, Multispectral Camera and
GPS mounted on paddy vehicle
(modified paddy transplanter)
Prediction models or patterns
(disease, productivity) can be generated.
Paddy transplanter mounted with N
sensor, Multispectral camera and GPS
Prototype tractor with data
sensors tested for stability.
Efficiently collects large scale
data in fields.
Prototype of High Clearance Tractor

37. Ergonomic/Gender-friendly tools and equipment
High Women workforce in
agriculture – both production and
processing
Reducing drudgery and
mainstreaming

38. Impact of Mechanization
Reduction in cost
Crop Yield increase (%)
of production (%)
Castor 23 45
Cotton 22 34
Sorghum 36 38
Groundnut 18 20
Finger millet 35 32
Redgram 18 35
Soybean 20 35
Maize 27 33

39. US President‟s Interaction
6th November, 2010
Termed ICAR Tools as
„Appropriate Technologies‟

40. Protected Cultivation
Annual production: 2,40,000 flowers
Av. sale price per flower : US 4 cent
Av. cost of production/flower: US 2 cent
Net profit : US $ 4363 per annum
= US $ 363 per month
Economics of 100 sq meter greenhouse
20,000
Output per batch
seedlings
Average number of batches per
5
year
Total output per annum 1,00,000
Average cost of raising one
0.36 cent
seedling
Average cost of seedling 0.9 cent
Net return US $ 546

41. Renewable energy
Solar tunnel drier
2-3 days as compared to 10-
Drying time
12 days in open
Savings in energy 6,000 kWh/annum/unit
Solid state biogas plant
20% as compared to
Increase in gas yield
conventional plant
Reduction in water
80%
requirement
Economic Benefit US $ 73/plant/annum

42. „Primary Agriculture to
Secondary Agriculture‟

43. Before feeding After feeding
Parameters
sorghum sorghum
Age (yrs) 45.5 ± 5.11 45.5 ± 5.11
Fasting Glucose
149.9 ± 48.51 135.7 ± 61.41
(mg/dl)
HbA1C (%) 7.6 ± 1.40 7.3 ± 1.49
Insulin (µU/ml) 23.7 ± 17.25 22.6 ± 16.47
Creatinine
0.9 ± 0.20 0.9 ± 0.18
(mg/dl)
Cholesterol
210.3 ± 58.04 183.2 ± 41.99
(mg/dl)
Triglycerides
130.4 ± 69.45 113.5 ± 89.67
(mg/dl)

44. Wine & Ethanol
Litchi Wine
Production: 450,000 t
Wine from Jamun, Karonda and Sorghum
Yield: 11.5%
Pomegrenate (8-12%) Ethanol: 1100 l /ha

45. Value Chain in Flowers
Identified native
species, standardized
dyeing
techniques, developed
products and their
Garlands packaging technology
Hair adornment products Exporting about 1600
t/year valued at about US
$ 1.73 million

46. Value Chain on Banana Pseudostem
India: 27 mt fruit yield
45 mt pseudostem waste
About 10,000 kg of fibre
extracted with 20 raspador
units installed
Total net income earned by
farmers: US$ 6,000
Employment generated (man
days): 2,960
Income earned by laborers:
US$ 4,000

47. Agricultural R&D
Groundnut
Sugarcane
NARS: strategic
Soybean
Moong
Wheat
Barley
Cotton
Maize
Jowar
Bajra
R&M
Gram
Rice
Jute
partnership of with other 0.0
scientific organizations
and international system -0.5
-0.4
Self-sufficiency in food
production and surplus in -1.0
-0.8
-1.0 -1.0
some commodities -1.1 -1.1
-1.3
TFP share up to 70% in -1.5
output growth; recent IRR -1.6
-1.7
46% -1.9
-2.0
-2.0 Annual decrease (%) in
Reduction in real cost of -2.1 -2.1
real cost of
production 1-2% annually -2.3 production, 1975-2005
-2.5

48. AUs: Students Intake & Placement in Agriculture
60 45
50 Universities
Students x1000
35
Universities
40
Students
25
30
15
20
10 5
0 -5
1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 1995 2010
2% 12%
Years
1%
5%
Ph.D.,
2000 3%
7% 50%
Masters,
8000
UG, 20%
25000
in Govt. Departments in Private Sector
as Teachers in Research
in Banks in NGOs
Self Employed in Others
Placement

49. Niche Areas of Excellence Experiential Learning
30 Units 245 Units
RCTs Inland saline soils for Agro-processing
Vermi-composting
Medicinal and aquaculture
Bio-fertilizer Bakery and
aromatic plants Functional fermented confectionary products
dairy products with Mushroom
Arsenic toxicity Value addition in
synbiotics Apiary
Temperate fruits Aonla, Mango, Tomato
Biofuels Poultry and „Kagzi‟ lime
Fish production

50. A Framework For Technology Development And Delivery System
ACTIVITIES INSTITUTIONS OUTPUT
Basic & Strategic National: ICAR Institutes and Universities
Principles, Processes and
Research National / Region-Specific Strategic
Methodologies
Research: SAUs, AICRPs, Private Sector
KNOWLEDGE
SAUs / AICRPs Technologies & Products
Applied & Adaptive
Research Private Sector Proprietary Products
Technology Location, Situation, S
Assessment, Refinement KVKs, ZRSs ystem specific ICTs, Mass
and Demonstration Technologies Media etc
ATMAs
SAUs
(District Level)
Co-
Line Departments Block Ops, NGOs, PRI
s
Panchayat & Village
Farmers
Outcome
Enhanced Profitability, Productivity, Sustainability, Livelihood, Security, Employment generation, Competitiveness and
Food, Nutrition & Environmental Security
Basic District Level Interactive Extension Model (BDLIEM)

51. „Reaching the Unreached‟

52. m-Krishi Fisheries e-Courses
Advisory Service
Degree Programs Covered
B.Sc. (Agri.), B.V.Sc. & AH, B.Sc.
(Hort.), B.F.Sc., B. Sc. (Home
Sci.), B. Tech (Dairy Tech), B. Tech
(Agril. Engg.)

53. Network of Indian Agri-Business Incubators (10 BPDUs)

54. Global Conference on Women in Agriculture
13-15 March, 2012, New Delhi, India

55. Farm Innovators:
Partners in
„Rainbow
Revolution‟

56. IPR and Technology Commercialization
Patents (2012)
Applications filed 50
Cumulative 726
Granted Patents 137
Foreign Patent Applications 3 PCT + A few National Phase
Plant Varieties
Applications Filed 842
Published Applications 503
Registered / protected Varieties 198
Trademarks (21)
“PUSA” by IARI, New Delhi
“ARKA” by IIHR, Bengaluru
“IISR” by IISR (Spices), Calicut
“KNOCK WP” and “TRIVIR 1%” by DOR, Hyderabad
“CIFAX”, “CIFABROOD” “Jayanti Rohu” by CIFA, Bhubaneswar
“Vanaraja” and “Gramapriya” by PD Poultry, Hyderabad
Copyrights (35)
Registered copyrights on Softwares CIAE, Bhopal
DSR (Soybean), Indore
NBFGR, Lucknow
NBPGR, New Delhi

57. AGRINNOVATEINDIA
Seeds
Farm Implements & Machinery
Diagnostics & Vaccines
Value Added Products
Professional Services & Turnkey Projects
Overseas Operations

58. World Bank Projects to facilitate Paradigm shift
Paradigms Projects Funding Period
Research (Infrastructure) NARP I & II US $ 142 million 1978-1996
HRD (Quality, relevance) AHRD US $ 74.2 million 1995-2003
Technology (PSR, MM,
NATP US $ 188 million 1998-2005
CGP, COE, O&M, ITD)
Technology into Use
(Innovation, System) NAIP US $ 250 million 2006-2014
(PCS, SRLS, BSR, O&M)
190 Subprojects; 188 Leaders & 646 Partners; 364 Organisations;
125,000 Stakeholders (Private, FOs, NGOs)
Proposed NAEP in 2013

59. Approach
Secondary Agriculture, Speciality
Agriculture
Consortia Research Platforms
National Agricultural Innovation
Foundation
National Agricultural Education
Project
Agri-Tech Foresight Centre (ATFC)
FIM Fabrication & Primary
Processing hubs
QA & Certification facilities

60. Approach
Ag. R&D Policy
Vision-2050
TAP & GAP
Farmer FIRST
Student READY
ARYA (Attracting &
Retaining Youth in Agriculture)

61. We foresee…
Climate Resilient & Diversified Agriculture
Evergreen and Rainbow Revolution and Assured
diversification in food basket
Agriculture as a sought after vocation and career
Global Partnerships in Agriculture
Food-Self-Reliant and Healthy India

62. THANK YOU