The document discusses the electromagnetic spectrum and its relation to astronomy. It explains that electromagnetic radiation travels in waves with different wavelengths and frequencies. Stars, planets, and gases in space emit radiation across the electromagnetic spectrum. By analyzing the wavelength and frequency of the radiation from astronomical objects, astronomers can determine their composition and properties. The document also describes how Doppler shift and redshift/blueshift of light from galaxies provide insights about the expansion of the universe and movement of objects in space.