Parts of Speech

1. Adverbs
Prof.Ganesh Wagh
Ashoka International Centre for
Educational Studies and Research
Nashik.

2. Adverb
• A word that modifies the meaning of a verb,
an adjective, or another adverb is called an
Adverb.
• An Adverb is a word which modifies the
meaning of a Verb, an Adjective or another
Adverb.
e.g. 1. Rama runs quickly.
2. This is a very sweet mango.
3. Govind reads quite clearly.

3. • In the following sentences Adverbs modify
phrases.
1. She was sitting close besides him.
2. Have you read all through this books?
3.He paid his debts down to the last penny.
• Adverbs standing at the beginning of
sentences sometimes modify the whole
sentence ,rather than any particular word; as,
1. Probably he is mistaken.
2.Possibly it is as you say.

4. Types of Adverb
1. Adverb of Time
• Adverbs of Time tell us something about the
time that something happens. Adverbs of
Time mainly modify verbs.
• They can answer the question "when?":
1.He came yesterday. (When did he come?)
2.I want it now. (When do I want it?)
3. I have heard this before.
4. The end soon came

5. Adverb of Place
• Adverbs of Place tell us the place where
something happens. They answer the question
"where?". Adverbs of Place mainly modify verbs.
1.Please sit here. (Where should I sit?)
2. They looked everywhere. (Where did they look?)
3. Two cars were parked outside. (Where were two
cars parked?)
4. Stand here.
5.He looked up

6. Adverb of Manner
• Adverbs of Manner tell us the manner or way in
which something happens. They answer the
question "how?". Adverbs of Manner mainly
modify verbs.
1. He speaks slowly. (How does he speak?)
2. They helped us cheerfully. (How did they help
us?)
3. James Bond drives his cars fast. (How does James
Bond drive his cars?)
Note:- This class includes nearly all those Adverbs
which are derived from adjectives and end in –ly.

7. Adverb of Frequency
• Some adverbs and adverb phrases answer the
question ‘ How often an action is done’ they
are called as adverb of frequency..
• Which show how often
• E.g. 1. I have told you twice.
2. He often makes mistakes.
3. I have not seen him once.
4. He seldom comes here.

8. Adverb of Degree
• Adverbs of Degree tell us the degree or extent to
which something happens. They answer the
question "how much?" or "to what degree?".
Adverbs of Degree can
modify verbs, adjectives and other adverbs.
1.She entirely agrees with him. (How much does
she agree with him?)
2. Mary is very beautiful. (To what degree is Mary
beautiful? How beautiful is Mary?)
3. He drove quite dangerously. (To what degree did
he drive dangerously? How dangerously did he
drive?)

9. Adverbs of reason
• Adverbs of Purpose or Reasons express the
reason, an aim or target behind the happening
of a particular action."
These words help to describe why something
happened.
• e.g.
1. He hence unable to refute the charge.
2. He therefore left therefore left the school.

10. Adverbs of Affirmation and Negation
• The word which declare that something is true or
some equivalent expression or negative
statement, judgment, doctrine or a logical
proposition is called Adverbs of affirmation and
negation."
e.g.
• Surely you are mistaken.
• He certainly went.
• I do not know him.

11. Identify Adverb and its type.
1. Tortoise walks slowly.
2. We will have our semester exam on July 1st Week.
3. The accident happened near the highway.
4. At least twice a week I go for temple.
5. We all go for picnic just for enjoyment.
6. The sea is very stormy.
7. Surely you are mistaken.

12. 8. Have you ever been in a plane?
9. We went outside to play.
10.Do not walk so fast.

13. Formation of Adverbs
1. Adverbs of manner are mostly formed from
Adjectives by adding -ly.
Adjective Adverb
clever cleverly
wise wisely
Kind Kindly
foolish foolishly
quick quickly
beautiful beautifully

14. 2. When the adjective ends in y preceded by a
consonant, change ‘y’ into ‘ i ’ an add ly ; as,
3. When the adjectives ends in le, simply chnge
‘e’ into ‘y’.
e.g. single-singly
double- doubly
Happy happily
ready readily
heavy heavily

15. 4. Some Adverbs are made up of a noun and a
qualifying Adjective; as,
e.g. sometimes, meantime, meanwhile, yesterday ,
otherwise etc.
5. Some Adverbs are compounds of on ( weakened
to a) and a Noun ; as,
e.g. Afoot ( = on foot)
abed, asleep,ahead,abroad etc.
Similarly there are other Adverbs which are also
compounds of some a Preposition and a Noun;
as,
e.g. betimes, besides, today, tomorrow etc.

16. 6. Some Adverbs are compounds of a
Preposition and an Adjective ; as,
e.g. behind , below, beyond etc.
7. Some Adverbs are compounds of a
Preposition and an Adverb ; as,
E.g. within , without , before , beneath.
8. There is a class of Adverbs which are derived
from the Pronouns the ( =that) he, who,
Eg. The- there , thence, then
he- here, hither, hence

17. Make an Adverbs
Easy
Angry
quick
double
after
some
probable
accident
the
hurry

18. Position of Adverbs
1. Adverbs of manner, which answer the question
‘how’ are generally placed after the verb or after
the object if there is one ; as,
I. It is raining heavily.
II. The ship is going slowly.
III. She speaks English Well.
2. Adverbs or Adverb phrases of place and of time
are also usually placed after the Verb or after the
Object if there is one; as,
I. He will come here.
II. I looked everywhere.
III. Hang the picture there.

19. 3. When there are two are more adverbs after a
Verb ( and its object), the normal order is:
adverb of manner, adverb of place, adverb of
time ; as,
I. She sang well in the concert.
II. We should go there tomorrow evening.

20. 4. Adverbs of frequency, which answer the
question ‘ How often ?’ ( e.g. always, never,
often, rarely, usually,generally) and certain
other Adverbs like almost, already, hardly,
nearly, just quiet are normally put between
the subject and the Verb if the verb consists of
only one word; if there is more than one word
in the verb; they are put after the first word;
as,
I. His wife never cooks.
II. He has never seen a tiger.
III. I quite agree with you.

21. 5. If the Verb is am/are/is/was, these adverbs
are placed after the Verbs; as,
I. I am never late for school.
II. He is always at home on Sunday’s.
III. We are just off.
6. The auxiliaries have to and used to prefer the
adverb in front of them.
I. I often have to go to college on foot.
II. He always used to agree with me.

22. 7.When an Adverb modifies an Adjective or another
Adverb, the adverb usually comes before it; as,
I. Rama is rather lazy boy.
II. The dog was quiet dead.
8. But the enough is always placed after the word it
modifies; as,
I. Is the box big enough?
II. He was rash enough to interrupt.
9. As a general rule, the word only should be
placed immediately before the word it modifies;
as,
I. I only worked ‘two’ sums.
II. He has only slept ‘three’ hours.

23. Insert the given adverbs in their
normal position
1. He does his work( carefully).
2. They are to be married ( next week).
3. III. He spoke…… at the meeting…… (last night.
earnestly ).
4. We have breakfast at night (usually).
5. I determined to yield this point (never).
6. You have to check your oil before
starting(always)

24. 7. Do not speak fast (so).
8. That is not good (enough).
9. Suresh arrives ( always, at 9 o’ clock,at the
office).
10. He played the Violin ( last night, brilliantly, in
the concert).