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PAH-enheten
PULMONELL
HYPERTENSION
Magnus Nisell
Karolinska universitetssjukhuset
Solna
2
Lungkapillärer
Aorta
Lungven
Systemcirkulationens
kapillärer
Hålven
Lungpulsåder
3
Perifer obstruktion
på arteriolnivå
Centrala embolier
Lungvensobstruktion
Mitralisstenos
(exempel på
vänstersidig hjärtsjukdom
Pulmonell hypertension
och några exempel på orsaker
4
Uppdaterad klinisk klassifikation
av Pulmonell Hypertension (PH)
1. Pulmonell arteriell hypertension (PAH)
1’. Pulmonell veno-ocklusiv sjukdom och/eller
pulmonell kapillär hemangiomatos
2. PH på grund av vänstersidig hjärtsjukdom
3. PH på grund av lungsjukdom och/eller hypoxemi
4. PH vid kronisk tromboembolisk sjukdom
5. PH vid oklara och/eller multifaktoriella mekanismer
ESC Pocket Guidelines 2009 (page 7). Adapted from Galiè N et al. European Heart Journal 2009 doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp297
Ungefärlig distribution mellan
kliniska klasser av
lokalpopulationen PH-
patienter
5
1. Pulmonell arteriell hypertension (PAH)
1. Idiopatisk (IPAH)
2. Hereditär
3. Inducerad av läkemedel, droger och toxiner
4. Associerad med (APAH):
– Bindvävssjukdomar
– HIV-infektion
– Portal hypertension
– Kongenital hjärtsjukdom (CHD)
– Schistosomiasis
– Kronisk hemolytisk anemi
1. Persisterande pulmonell hypertension hos nyfödda
1’. Pulmonell veno-ocklusiv sjukdom (PVOD) och/eller
pulmonell kapillär hemangiomatos (PCH)
Ungefärlig distribution mellan kliniska klasser
av lokalpopulationen PH-patienter
Uppdaterad klinisk klassifikation
av Pulmonell Hypertension (PH)
ESC Pocket Guidelines 2009 (page 7). Adapted from Galiè N et al. European Heart Journal 2009 doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehp297
6
Remodellering av kärlen vid PAH
1
Farber HW et al. N Engl J Med 2004;351:1655-65
2
Badesch DB et al, CHEST 2004; 126:35S-62S
Normal Mid-term PAH Late PAH
7
Hemodynamiska förändringar vid
PAH
Svårförklarad andfåddhet
eller respiratorisk insufficiens
Spirometri
EKG
HRCT och CT lungartär
Sömnutredning
Ekokardiografi
Diagnos av associerat
tillstånd
Vänsterhjärtsjukdom
Sömnapnésyndrom
Lungsjukdom
Kronisk lungembolism
Svårförklarad andfåddhet
eller respiratorisk insufficiens
Överväg hjärtkateterisering
Utredning av pulmonell hypertension
9
Normalt ekokardiogram
VKHK
HF VF
10
Pulmonell hypertension 4-kammarbild
VKHK
HF VF
11
Normalt eko och eko vid pulmonell
hypertension
VKHK
HF VF
12
Pulmonell hypertension 4-kammarbild med
färgdoppler
VKHK
HF VF
13
Pulmonell hypertension med CW doppler
14
15
Balansen i systemet kan beskrivas genom följande formel
(med ursprung i Ohm’s Lag):
Resistens = tryckskillnad
flöde
Modul 2
C. TECKEN PÅ OBALANS
16
Humbert M et al, New England Journal of Medicine 2004; 351: 1425-36
17
ESC Pocket Guidelines 2009 (page 20-21). Adapted from Galiè N et al. European Heart Journal 2009; 30, 2493–2537
Pulmonell arteriell hypertension
Pulmonell arteriell hypertension

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Pulmonell arteriell hypertension