1. Medication Therapy Management (MTM)
What is the role of the pharmacist in Home Healthcare?
Cory Phillips PharmD D Candidate
Belmont University College of Pharmacy
Abstract Classifying Interventions3 Collaborative Medication Conclusions
There are many issues that have developed in the setting of 1. No Indication  Medications Regimen Reviews (MRR)1,2,9
Home Healthcare due to poor management of medication 2. Untreated Indication Therapy Management (CMTM)  Save on patient and facility costs
regimens.1,2 Some of these problems include adverse drug 3. Improper Medication Selection The CMTM model (figure in column 2) is a modification of  Promote facility quality assurance
reactions, excessive medication doses, medication 4. Subtherapeutic Dose
MTM (figure in column 1) core elements and integrated into  Ensure medication use system quality assurance
5. Overdosage
duplications, overuse of psychotropic the mental health and medical clinics of the Daily Planet  Tool to identify and solve system problems
6. Adverse Drug Reaction
medications, polypharmacy, practicing cascades, limited PCMH.4  Improves residents’ quality of care and quality of life
1. Geriatric Syndromes
training in geriatric medicine, and geriatric syndromes, such 7. Drug Interaction CMTM was developed to adopt a standard process of care  Can prevent adverse medication events and save lives
as falls.1,2,3 Rigorous and collaborative medication with defined roles and responsibilities of the pharmacist in a
8. Failure to Receive Medication  Role in3
management and review using programs that specify 9. Monitoring and Follow-up PCMH
 Long-term care facilities
problem identification, problem solving, and outcomes can This may promote more fee-for-service payments
 Ambulatory care
improve medication use in patients, especially the elderly.3 Methods and Results Expected outcomes were analyzed
 MRR findings and recommendations must be effectively
Models that have been developed and improved to tackle 1. Integration of collaborative medication therapy Patients with one or more chronic diseases and taking two communicated to other healthcare professionals for
this problem include Home Medication Reviews management (CMTM) in a safety net patient-centered or more chronic medications are eligible for CMTM
http://findinghomehealthcareprofessionals.blogspot.com/2010/0 optimum intervention results.3
8/home-healthcare-for-unhealthy-people.html (HMRs), Medication Therapy Management medical home (PCMH).4 Out of 452 recommendations made by pharmacists’ to
(MTM), Collaborative MTM (CMTM), Drug Burden Indices  Retrospective Analysis Study resolve problems at the mental health clinic, 85% were
(DBIs), and Telehealth.4,5,6,7,8 The following information accepted by providers and/or patients.
 Initiate CMTM encounter
presents these models and their benefits for patients and Out of 217 medication-related problems found by
 Identify medication related problems
pharmacists. pharmacists at the medical clinic, 89% of recommendations
Introduction  Pharmacist makes recommendations www.accoras.com.au
 Acceptance rate of recommendations was 89% were accepted.4
 Medication Regimen Review (MRR) is the primary process that
allows consultant pharmacists to improve medication use in the 2. A pharmacist-led intervention for increasing the uptake of http://www.alternativehomehealth.com/
facility, collaborate with physicians on residents’ Home Medicines Review (HMR) among residents of
medications, and interact with other members of the retirement villages (PHARMER): protocol for a cluster
interdisciplinary team.1 randomized control trial (RCT).5
 MRR improves the health and quality of life (QOL) of residents  Current prospective cluster of RCT
in the facility.1  Ongoing study
 The goal of MRRs is to help identify and resolve problems  Ten retirement villages are chosen
associated with medication use in the nursing facility population.
 Residents are randomly recruited Pharmacists’ Gains1,2,3
 The MRR Checklist reviews medication
 HMR education and risk assessment is made  Medication Therapy Management
indications, efficacy, safety, monitoring, errors, and costs.1
 Successes of interventions assessed by interviews  Participation in Pharmacy Committees
3. Drug Burden Index (DBI) and Potentially Inappropriate  Formulary Management
Medications (PIM) in Community-Dwelling Older People:  Staff Education
 Collaboration with the Care Management Team
The Impact of Home Medicines Review.6
 Educational and In-service Programs
 Retrospective Study
 Ethics approval by Human Ethics Committee
Telehealth  Integrated Pharmacy
 The Care Coordination Home Telehealth (CCHT) rural  Management Systems providing:
 Patients’ referred for HMR based on standard criteria - Drug-Drug Interactions
demonstration project: a symptom-based approach for
 Pharmacists’ recommendations using DBI led to - Drug-Disease Interactions
serving older veterans in remote geographical settings.8
 Less sedative/anticholinergic issues - Therapeutic Duplication
 Innovative healthcare delivery strategies needed to
 Reduction in drug burden  Member of multidisciplinary team
address the healthcare needs of US Veterans in rural
 Decrease in prescribing of PIMs  Opportunity to make recommendations and interventions
areas  Job satisfaction
Methods and Results cont…  Transportation barriers
 Poverty
 Challenges
 Possibility of working from home
4. Collaborative home medicines review delays time to next
 Limited access to healthcare  Continuing Education
hospitalization for warfarin associated bleeding in
http://www.pharmacist.com/AM/Template.cfm?Section=MTM&Template=/TaggedPage/TaggedPageDispla  Multiple chronic diseases  Reimbursement for services
y.cfm&TPLID=87&ContentID=22413 Australian war veterans.7
 Polypharmacy
 Retrospective Cohort Study Bibliography:
Interventions: Understanding the  Impact of practitioner-pharmacist collaborative
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 Encourage adherence 5. Lee CY, George J, Elliott RA, Stewart K. A pharmacist-led intervention for increasing the uptake of Home
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 HMRs are needed 7. Roughead EE, Barrett JD, Ramsay E, et al. Collaborative home medicines review delays time to next
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 Six monthly medication reviews may be needed for Therapeutics. 2011; 36: 27-32.
 Identify patterns of errors a good option for those with limited access to healthcare8 8. Luptak M, Dailey N, Juretic M, et al. The Care Coordination Home Telehealth (CCHT) rural demonstration
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