MonaVie Acai for Health - Dr Alex Schauss (Chinese) Samuel Leung Tel : (852) 9049 3046 Email & FB : firesamuel.leung@gmail.com www.W8Global.com www.HumbleSamuel.com humblesamuel.mymonavie.com

1. Hong Kong
November 13, 2010
The Science of Açai
巴西莓的科研價值
Alexander G. Schauss, PhD, FACN
MonaVie Senior Research Director,
Natural and Medicinal Products Research,
AIBMR Life Sciences
Tacoma, Washington USA
1

2. Aging衰老
Aging is basically the inability of the body to
repair itself.
基本上，衰老是身體逐漸喪失自我修補能力的現
象。
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
2

3. What Contributes To aging?
衰老的原因是什麼？
As we get older repair mechanisms decline
當年紀漸長，身體的自我修補功能逐漸衰退
They simply don’t work as fast or as efficiently
再不像年輕時那麼敏捷及有效率
Our body’s ability to repair itself declines making us more
vulnerable to damage caused by:
由於身體修護功能衰退，導致細胞很容易受到下列2種的侵害：
1) inflammation & 2) oxidative stress
1) 發炎 2) 被氧化
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
3

4. What is Inflammation?
發炎是什麼？
Inflammation occurs when our tissue responds to pathogens,
irritants, or damaged cells.
當細胞受到病原體、刺激物或受損細胞的侵害時，炎症便會發生
It’s an attempt to remove whatever is injured or irritated from
further damage so we can heal.
發炎便是把受損的細胞隔離起來，免受進一步的襲害
Without it, a wound or infection would never heal.
若沒有發炎這過程，細胞受傷或受感染將不可能復原
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
4

5. Chronic Inflammation
慢性發炎
Leads to a host of diseases.
引發一連串的疾病
During chronic inflammation certain cells accumulate at the
site of inflammation and can become destructive while
healing occurs.
當身體出現慢性發炎時，某些細胞在發炎處積聚可能會在身
體自癒造成破壞
This slows down recovery. 這會減慢復原速度
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
5

6. Anti-Inflammation
抗炎功能
Foods contain compounds that have anti-inflammatory properties.
某些食物含有具抗炎功能的複合物
In early 2000, we discovered that something in acai pulp had potent anti-
inflammatory activity in human cells.
在2000年初，專家發現了在巴西莓的果肉中含有某些在人體細胞中具抗炎效能
的物質
But what was it?
但是，這到底是什麼物質？
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
6

7. Compound discovered
發現抗炎複合物
In 2010, we discovered what may be the most potent anti-
inflammatory compound found yet in a food.
在2010年，我們發現了也許是目前在所有食物中已發現最具抗炎能力
的複合物
It was a class of compounds we studied in 2009.
它就是我們專家在2009年重點研究的一種複合物系列
Our discovery will be presented next year at one of the largest
scientific meetings in the world.
我們的最新的研究結果將會在明年其中一個全球最大的科研會議中發表
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
7

8. As our body’s ability to repair itself declines it makes us more
vulnerable against the damage caused by inflammation.
當我們身體的修護能力逐漸下降時，細胞會更容易受到發炎的
襲害
So does oxidative stress.
同樣地，身體細胞亦會受到被氧化的損害
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
8

9. Oxidative Stress
氧化侵害
Caused by imbalance between production of free radicals and
the ability of the body to control their overproduction.
氧化侵害是因自由基製造的失衡及身體喪失控制自由基不斷增加
的功能所導致的
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
9

10. Free Radicals 自由基
Destroy pathogens (bacteria, viruses), cancer cells, as part of our immune system’s
defenses.
作為身體免疫系統的防禦部份，自由基可以消滅病原體(細菌、病毒)和癌細胞等等
They are created when 當遇到下列情況時，身體便會產生自由基:
we breathe (University of Colorado experiment)
produce energy in trillions of cells,
呼吸時(根據科羅拉多州大學的實驗報告)，會產生數以億兆計的自由基
during cell metabolism, 當細胞生陳代謝時or 或
suffer from chronic inflammation or illness. 患上慢性炎症或其他疾病時
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
10

11. What Stimulates over production of
Free Radials?
是什麼造成自由基過度產生的原因？
Mental and/or physical stress 精神及/或肉體上的壓力
Pollution 污染
Cigarette smoke: 1 cigarette produces 1 trillion free radicals = chronic oxidative
stress = eventual illness and disease.
香煙煙霧：每一根香煙會產生10兆的自由基 = 引致慢性氧化侵害 = 最後產生各種疾病
Sun’s ionizing radiation (UV radiation) 太陽所產生的紫外光輻射
Illness (cold, flu, etc.) 疾病 (傷風、感冒等等)
Chronic inflammation 慢性炎症
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
11

12. Many Radicals in Our Body
身體裡各類不同的自由基
Some of the most important其中最重要的包括:
Peroxyl radical- most abundant 脂質過氧化自由基 – 蘊含量最豐富
Hydroxyl radical- can be most damaging 羥基自由基 – 造成最大損害
Superoxide - produces hydroxyl radical 超氧化物 – 產生羥基自由基的元凶
Hydrogen peroxide - can damage cells 過氧化氫 – 能破壞細胞組織
Peroxynitrite radicals - can damage muscles cells 過氧亞硝酸根自由基 – 能損
壞肌肉細胞
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
12

13. Antioxidants in Fruits
水果中的抗氧化劑
Overall fruits and berries good source of antioxidants.
整體而言，水果及莓果類植物含有豐富的抗氧化劑
They provide twice the antioxidant capacity of vegetables.
它們能提供比蔬菜高兩倍的抗氧化能力
Population studies around the world show that consuming more
fruits and vegetables improves health and quality of life.
研究報告指出食用多些水果及蔬菜能改善健康及提升生活素質
But are people eating lots of fruits and vegetables?
但是，一般人有食用足夠的水果及蔬菜嗎？
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
13

14. What Fruits/Berries to eat?
我們應該食用哪些水果/莓果？
Assays can help food scientists compare antioxidant capacity of different
foods.
進行分析試驗能幫助科學家比較不同食物的抗氧化能力
One assay is the ORAC assay: Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity
assay, used since 1991.
其中一項試驗是ORAC的測試：即氧自由基吸收能力的分析，自1991年沿用
致今
Food scientists estimate we need 5,000 to 10,000 ORAC units of
antioxidants from food each day to handle oxidative stress.
食物專家估計我們每天需要從食物攝取5,000至10,000 抗氧化單位的抗氧化
劑來對抗來自細胞氧化的侵害
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
14

15. Cranberries小紅莓
Wild blueberries野藍莓
Wild black raspberries野黑木莓
Cultivated blueberries養植藍莓
Strawberries草莓
15

16. Potent Antioxidant
有效抗氧化劑
In 2004, we discovered that if we dilute the concentration of
antioxidant compounds in acai’s pulp down to 1 part per trillion, it
still protected human cells from damage by hydrogen peroxide.
在2004年，我們發現即使把巴西莓果肉中的抗氧化複合物的濃度稀
釋至每1兆(1萬億)只含有1單位，它仍然可以有效地保護人體細胞免
受過氧化氫的侵害
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
16

17. What is Açai?
巴西莓是什麼？
Where does it Come From?
它產自何地？
What do we know about it?
我們對它的認識有多少？
Why Did it Take So long To discover its Extraordinary
Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties?
為何經過如此長時間才發現它蘊含的特殊抗氧化物及
抗炎特性？
17

18. Acai Fruit Berry is 1.5 to 2.0 cm
巴西莓果實的直徑為1.5 至2.0公分
18

19. 2,000 to 7,000 açai
palms per hectare
grow in the Amazon Equator
in the green zone.
Amazon
在亞瑪遜河流域的
綠色地帶裡，每公
頃地平均生長了
2,000至7,000株巴
西莓樹
19

20. Açai Palm Trees, 30 meters Tall
每株巴西莓樹平均可生長至30米高
20

21. (Left) Mature Fruit.(左)成熟了的果實(Right) Immature Fruit.(右)尚未成熟的果實
Produces four Harvests a Year
每年可收割4次
21

22. Water rises from 7.5 to 15 meters in Flood Plains of the
Amazon delta twice each day due to ocean tides
因受到海洋潮汐的影響，在亞瑪遜三角洲的漲潮地帶，每天
兩次河水會由7.5米漲至15米
water
level
22

23. The earliest consumption documented of açai fruit in the
Amazon was reported in 1768 in the diary of Joseph Banks.
有關最早服用巴西莓的文獻記載首見於1768年約翰比爾斯
的日記
“Palm berries appear much like black
grapes but for having scarce any pulp
covering a very large stone.” (p.201)
“樹上的莓果外形很像黑葡萄，其
果肉包圍着一顆頗大的果核。”
23

24. Consumption of Açai Pulp as
a Food in the Amazon Painted
by Portuguese Botanist in
1791.
左圖示在1791年一位葡萄牙的
植物學家繪畫出在亞瑪遜河流
域巴西莓的果肉(漿)已被用作
食量。
24

25. Preparing Açai Pulp for Research
巴西莓果漿用作研究
• Preserve the pulp’s保存果漿的:
- Phytochemicals植物營養素
- enzymatic activity酵素活動
- nutritional value營養數值
- antioxidant activity抗氧化功能
• maintain bioactivity維持生化作用功能
• Maintain taste & color保存味道及顏色
• increase shelf-life 延長食用期限
25

26. Nutritional Composition of Açai
巴西莓果的營養成份
Discovered it was an extraordinary source of “good” fats (mono and
polyunsaturated fatty acids)
被證實是一個 “好”脂肪的來源 (單元及多元不飽和脂肪酸)
Contains all vitamins & minerals 蘊含絕大部份的維生素及礦物質
Contains all essential amino acids (protein) 蘊含絕大部份的必需氨基酸(蛋白質)
Extremely low in sugar (<1.3%) 含極低糖份(低於1.3%)
Contains thousands of phytochemicals 含有數以千計的植物性維生素
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
26

27. Life Extension?
可延長生命？
Observed first evidence of lifespan extension in files when açai
was added to a high-fat diet and the ability to respond to stress
was removed so they could not produce an enzyme (SOD) to
counter superoxide
從一項研究中觀察所得，當巴西莓被加進了一個高脂肪的膳食中，
它所產生的其中一種酵素(超氧化物歧化酶)能有效抑制超氧化物
的破壞
(U.S. National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging,
study published in 2010).
(國家抗衰老研究院，美國保健研究所 2010發表的研究報告)
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
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28. DEMONSTRATED BENEFITS
已經證實的好處
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross over study,
19 to 52 yr olds, a patent protected acai-enriched juice was in 1- 2
hours able to在一個隨機、雙盲、安慰劑效應及跨界的研究裡，數十
位由19歲至52歲的測試者，在飲用某受專利保護的巴西莓果汁1-2小
時後，被驗出下列的結果 :
1) enter human cells 果汁成份進入人體細胞
2) increase antioxidant levels in cells 增加細胞的抗氧化層次
3) increase antioxidant activity in cells 增加細胞的抗氧化活動
4) protect cells during oxidative stress 在身體氧化過程時保護細胞
5) reduce levels inflammatory compounds 降低導致發炎複合物的水平
6) reduce lipid peroxidation of fats in blood serum 減少血清中脂質的過
氧化反應
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
28

29. PAIN and MOBILITY Aging Study
減少痛楚及增強活動能力的抗衰老研究
Would drinking an acai fruit/berry juice reduce pain and
improve mobility in adults 48 to 84 years old within 12 weeks?
飲用巴西莓果汁能夠在12個星期內令年齡由48歲至84歲的成年
人減少痛楚及增加關節活動能力嗎？
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
29

30. Range of Motion Study:
身體活動範圍研究
Lumbar Motion (Lower Back) and knees
腰部 (背後下方)活動膝蓋活動
30

31. PAIN Reduced, MOBILITY Improved
痛楚減少，活動能力增加
Range of motion (mobility) of lower back (lumbar spine)
and both knees was improved, and pain reduced in 44 -
84 yr olds.
在年齡由44歲至84歲的測試者當中，其腰椎及膝蓋的活動
範圍有所改善，關節痛楚亦有減少
Benefits reported in first 2 weeks for lower back and by 12
weeks in both knees in all study subjects.
所有測試者的腰椎在首2個星期及膝蓋在首12星期情況均有
所改善
A placebo controlled trial is still needed.
仍需進行慰安劑效應實驗
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
31

32. Benefits Seen in Animal Studies
在動物測試中結果相當正面
Protected coronary arteries of pigs exposed to superoxide.
保護了暴露在超氧化物中的測試豬隻冠狀動脈
Reduced total and LDL-cholesterol in stressed animals fed a
hypercholesterolemic diet by reducing protein damage caused by
oxidized amino acid residues in stress conditions.
通過減少已被氧化胺基酸殘留物所造成對蛋白質的破壞，成功地降低
進食了高血脂膳食的動物的整體及低密度膽固醇水平
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
32

33. Benefits Seen in Animal Studies
動物測試結果相當正面
When added to a high-fat diet in animals that produce 10 times normal
amounts of cholesterol當被加進了一個產生比正常膳食高10倍膽固醇的高
脂肪膳食中，我們發現下列的結果:
1) raised HDL-cholesterol 增加了高密度(好)膽固醇的水平
2) inhibited formation of atherosclerotic lesions 抑制了動脈硬化組織的形成
3) reduced lipid peroxidation 降低脂質的過氧化反應
4) up-regulated antioxidant enzyme genes 促進了抗氧化酵素基因的活動
5) down-regulated genes that promote inflammatory factors 抑制助長炎症
基因的活動
6) up-regulated genes that promote anti-inflammatory factors 促進抗炎基
因的活動
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
33

34. Cancer Research
癌症研究
Increased cell death (apotosis) of certain leukemia cells in vitro.
增加在活體外某些白血病細胞的自毁情況
Inhibited the number, size and lethality of experimentally induced
esophageal tumors in vivo.
抑制在活體內由實驗引發的食道癌腫瘤的數目、體積及破壞力
Inhibited C-9 glioma (brain) cancer cells in vivo.
抑制在活髏內的腦癌細胞的生長
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
34

35. Mechanisms of Action(How does it work)
巴西莓果複合物的活動模式(方式)
Discovered that açai compounds can directly affect genes
(“gene expression”) and cell signaling (“cell communication”).
發現了巴西莓果複合物能直接影響基因的 “表達”及細胞之間的
溝通訊息
For example, in one study, açai down-regulates
gluconeogenesis, during oxidative stress, which may be
important in managing or preventing diabetes.
舉例來說，在其中一項研究中，巴西莓在細胞氧化過程中能抑
制糖異生的出現，此舉對控制及預防糖尿病有所幫助
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
35

36. Brain research
腦部研究
Autophagy (natural housekeeping) is the process by which the
brain removes toxic proteins that can damage cells and impair
brain function.
細胞自體吞噬是指腦部消除能破壞細胞及損害腦部運作的有害蛋白
質
A decline in autophagy is linked to age-related memory loss,
mental decline, senility, and possibly Alzheimer’s disease.
引致減少細胞自體吞噬的原因可能與跟年齡相關的失憶、腦部活動
減少、衰老及老人痴呆症有關
Using mouse brain cells it was discovered in 2010 that compounds
in açai pulp activate autophagy and remove toxic proteins.
在2010年一項使用老鼠腦細胞所作的研究顯示，巴西莓果漿的複合
物能促進細胞自體吞噬和消除腦部有害的蛋白質
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
36

37. For copies of research papers:
www.aibmr.com/resources
To download research papers
如要下載研究報告，可登入以上網站：
DR. ALEX SCHAUSS
37

38. Healthy Living Recommendations
健康生活提示
 Exercise vigorously on a regular basis. 定時進行一些激烈的運動
 Don’t smoke. Avoid second-hand smoke. 不要抽煙。避免抽「二手煙」
 Get 7 hours of quality sleep. 每天享有7小時高素質的睡眠
 Eat fruits and vegetables of different colors and nuts. 盡量進食不同顏色的蔬
果和果仁
 Avoid deep fried foods, hydrogenated fats, trans-fats. 避免食用油炸食物、
攝取氫化脂肪及反式脂肪
 Reduce red meat (beef, pork) consumption. 減少進食紅肉(牛肉、豬肉)
 Wash your hands with soap for at least 20 seconds. 經常用肥皂洗手至少
20秒鐘
 Higher incomes can lead to longer life & better health. 高收入能延長壽命及帶
來健康
 Strong social networks contribute to longer life. 良好的社會關係網絡可延長
壽命
 Stay healthy, have fun, be generous, and enjoy life!
記着要保持健康、心境愉快、豁達開朗和享受生命！
38

39. Thank you for
inviting me to
speak about açai.
多謝邀請我前來
講述巴西莓的各
種好處。
39