1. Les mots signifiant “Paix” Words used for “Peace”
Dans le Coran et les Ecritures Précédentes In the Quran and Previous Scriptures

2. What does « Peace » mean ?

3. Peace ≠ « Peace of Mind »

4. Peace ≠ « Peace of Mind »
● Worship ≠ « intense feeling of devotion »
● Idolatry (Shirk) ≠ « having your mind focused on something
other than God »
● Submission ≠ « Saying / Thinking that there is no god but
God »
● Glorifying / Praising ≠ « Thinking that God is great »

5. Believe AND do good works
● « āmanū waʿamilū l ṣāliḥāti » in arabic.
-
● 43 verses with this phrase in the Quran; why ?
● Because of hypocrites.
● Because we are prone to wishful thinking (57:14):
● Wishing to do good not the same as doing good.
● We may be deluded by our « nefs » (12:53)

6. What is the opposite of
« Peace » ?

7. Rachid Taha « Barra Barra »
BARRA BARRA hozd wel boghd ou zawara Sadness, hate and the reign of arbitrary
barra barra fezd wel l'hozd ma b'qa amene Destruction, jealousy; there is no trust left
barra barra l'alach we ness menhoussine Thirst and people are unlucky
barra barra la horma dolm wet ouboudia No honour, but oppression and slavery
barra barra nechfou l'widane helkou b'houratte Rivers were dried up and seas have ruined everything
barra barra noujoum t'fate derguete chems Stars are switched off and the sun went down
barra barra ma b'qa kheir la saada wala z'har There is neither good, nor happiness, nor luck anymore
barra barra ma b'kate sadjra sektou la t'iour There are no trees left and the birds stopped singing
barra barra ma bka lil ka n'har ghir dalma There are neither days, nor nights left, darkness only
barra barra jahanama ma b'ka zine Desolation, Hell; there is no beauty left
barra barra k'tar z'mane ma b'kate horma Time has increased, there is no honour left
barra barra fozd l'harb we dem isil Ruin and war and the blood is flowing
barra barra ghir l'hitane l'hitane waqfine There are only walls left, walls standing up
barra barra l'khaouf wa ness saktine Fear and people remain silent

8. The Bible, Book of Lamentations
1:1 How lonely sits the city that was full of people! 1:1 Eh quoi! elle est assise solitaire, cette ville
How like a widow has she become, si peuplée! Elle est semblable à une veuve!
she who was great among the nations! Grande entre les nations, souveraine parmi les
She who was a princess among the provinces états, Elle est réduite à la servitude!
has become a slave.
1:11 All her people groan 1:11 Tout son peuple soupire, il cherche du
as they search for bread; pain; Ils ont donné leurs choses précieuses
they trade their treasures for food pour de la nourriture, Afin de ranimer leur vie.
to revive their strength. -Vois, Éternel, regarde comme je suis avilie!
“Look, O Lord, and see, for I am despised.”
2:21 In the dust of the streets lie the young and the old; 2:21 Les enfants et les vieillards sont couchés
my young women and my young men par terre dans les rues; Mes vierges et mes
have fallen by the sword; jeunes hommes sont tombés par l'épée; Tu as
you have killed them in the day of your anger, tué, au jour de ta colère, Tu as égorgé sans
slaughtering without pity. pitié.

9. The Bible, Book of Lamentations (II)
4:1 How the gold has grown dim, 4:1 Eh quoi! l'or a perdu son éclat! L'or pur est
how the pure gold is changed! altéré! Les pierres du sanctuaire sont
The holy stones lie scattered dispersées Aux coins de toutes les rues!
at the head of every street.
4:9 Happier were the victims of the sword 4:9 Ceux qui périssent par l'épée sont plus
than the victims of hunger, heureux Que ceux qui périssent par la
who wasted away, pierced faim, Qui tombent exténués, Privés du fruit des
by lack of the fruits of the field. champs.
4:10 The hands of compassionate women 4:10 Les femmes, malgré leur tendresse, Font
have boiled their own children; cuire leurs enfants; Ils leur servent de
they became their food nourriture, Au milieu du désastre de la fille de
during the destruction of the daughter of my people. mon peuple.

10. Quran
22:45 Many a community we have annihilated because 22:45 Que de cités Nous avons anéanties en punition de leurs
of their wickedness. They ended up in ruins, stilled péchés, et dont il ne reste plus que de vagues vestiges: là, un
wells, and great empty mansions. puits comblé ; et là, un château puissamment
édifié, aujourd’hui totalement abandonné!
28:58 Many a community we annihilated for turning 28:58 Combien de cités, dont les habitants vivaient dans
unappreciative of their lives. Consequently, here are l’opulence, n’avons-Nous pas anéanties pour leur ingratitude?
their homes, nothing but uninhabited ruins after them, Voyez leurs demeures, devenues presque désertes, après leur
except a few. We were the inheritors. mort. Et c’est Nous qui en fûmes l’Héritier suprême.
16:112 GOD cites the example of a community [= city] 16:112 Et Dieu propose en parabole une ville : elle était en
that used to be secure and prosperous, with provisions sécurité, tranquille; sa part de nourriture lui venait de partout
coming to it from everywhere. But then, it turned en abondance. Puis elle se montra ingrate aux bienfaits de
unappreciative of GOD's blessings. Consequently, Dieu. Dieu lui fit alors goûter la violence de la faim et de la
GOD caused them to taste the hardships of starvation peur [en punition] de ce qu'ils faisaient.
and insecurity. Such is the requital for what they did.

11. Opposite of « Peace » :
« insecurity », « chaos »

12. Words usually translated as
« Peace »

13. Words translated as « Peace »
● Hebrew: , shalam, shalowm
● Greek: εἰρήνη, eirēnē
● Latin: PAX
● Arabic: , salaam

14. Hebrew / Latin
Meaning Latin word English word
peace pax « peace »
contract pactum « pact »
to pay pacare « pay »
(medieval)

15. Original meaning
● Latin : Proto Ido-European *pak- « fasten, link, attach »
● Semitic : *slm, « sound, whole, uninjured »

16. « Peace » as « to pay »
● Exodus 22:7 If a man shall deliver unto his neighbour money or stuff to keep,
and it be stolen out of the man's house; if the thief be found, let him pay double.
● Quran 2:233 Divorced mothers shall nurse their infants two full years, if the
father so wishes. The father shall provide the mother's food and clothing
equitably. No one shall be burdened beyond his ability. No mother shall be
harmed on account of her infant, nor shall the father be harmed because of his
infant. (If the father dies), his inheritor shall assume these responsibilities. If the
infant's parents mutually agree to part, after due consultation, they commit no
error by doing so. You commit no error by hiring nursing mothers, so long as
you pay them equitably. You shall observe GOD, and know that GOD is Seer of
everything you do.

17. Idea of a sacrifice to « appease » God
● Gen 22:7 Ram substituted for Isaac as « burnt offering ».
● Exo 20:22-24 « burnt offerings » and « peace offerings »
● « peace offering » = , shelem
● Quran 5:97 GOD has appointed the Ka`bah, the Sacred
Masjid, to be a sanctuary for the people, and also the Sacred
Months, the offerings (to the Sacred Masjid), and the garlands
marking them. You should know that GOD knows everything
in the heavens and the earth, and that GOD is Omniscient.