1. ASTRONOMICAL TOOLS
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2. telescope
• device that makes
distant objects appear
to be closer
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3. Reflecting telescope - uses an
arrangement of mirrors to form an
image.
Refracting telescope - uses lenses
to form an image.
Cat dioptrictelescope - uses mirrors
combined with lenses to form an image
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4. Refracting Telescope
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5. Reflecting telescope
1st Built by Isaac Newton
Refracting Telescope
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6. Radio telescopes are directional radio antennas
used for radio astronomy. The dishes are sometimes
constructed of a conductive wire mesh whose
openings are smaller than the wavelength being
observed.
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7. SPACE TELESCOPES are placed above the
atmosphere that can receive much sharper images.
These can receive infra-red, ultra-violet and X-ray
energy that cannot be received on Earth because of
the atmosphere.
Einstein Observatory (HEAO-2) was the
first fully imaging X-ray telescope put
into space
FERMI GAMMA-RAY SPACE TELESCOPE
(FGST[1]), formerly called the Gamma-ray Large Area
Space Telescope (GLAST), is a space observatory
being used to perform gamma-ray astronomy
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observations from low EARTH ORBIT

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10. • reflecting telescope
• diameter of mirror = 2.4 m
• space based
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11. • HST was launched in 1990 from the Space Shuttle and
orbits approximately 600 km above the Earth's surface.
• Costing over $1.5 billion, it is the most expensive scientific
instrument ever built.
• A later repair mission with the Space Shuttle put a
correcting lens on HST to improve its "eyesight" and it
now produces stunning images of unrivaled quality.
Hubble Space Telescope orbiting
the Earth
Astronauts have repaired and upgraded the
Hubble Space Telescope on several 11
occasions.

12. Pictures from the Hubble Space Telescope
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13. 13

14. 14

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16. • launched in 2003
• infrared images
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17. collect & focus
electromagnetic
radiation
Optical
(visible light)
refracting
convex
lenses
radio
x-ray
radio
waves
reflecting
mirror
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radio telescope

18. OBSERVATORY
• bldg that contains 1 or more telescopes.
• It is built high up on mountain tops where it is
above most of the pollution, dust and waste
vapour in the atmosphere.
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19. Most large observatories are
built on top of mountains.
Mauna Kea Observatory
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20. Mauna Kea Observatory sits near the 14,000 ft.
summit of an extinct volcano in Hawaii.
It experiences some of the driest air and best
seeing in the world.
NASA Kids video-Mauna Kea Observatory
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21. ROCKET is a spacecraft that obtains thrust from a
rocket engine. It lifts satellites, space probes and
astronauts. A rocket propelled upwards by
hot
exhaust gases streaming from nozzles at
the
tail.
Saturn V Moon
rocket is the tallest,
heaviest and the most
powerful rocket.
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22. SPACESHUTTLE design to lift off with the aid of massive
booster rocket. But when it returns from space, it lands
like an aircraft.
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23. SPACE PROBES
FLY-BYS are space probes lifted into space by rockets,
which are computer-controlled robots packed with
scientific
instruments. It sent to fly by a planet or even orbit around it,
sending data and images back to the
earth. After they have
completed their planned missions, some probes continue on
into space.
LANDER is a spacecraft which descends toward and
comes to rest on the surface of an astronomical body. It is
first a re-entry vehicle.
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24. ROVER (or sometimes planetary rover) is a
space exploration vehicle designed to move
across the surface of a planet or other
celestial body. Some rovers have been
designed to transport members of a
human spaceflight crew; others have
been
partially or fully autonomous robots.
Rovers usually arrive at the planetary
surface on a lander-style spacecraft.
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25. Date
Nov
1957
Space Craft
3, Sputnik 2
Astronomer / Animal
LAIKA, a Russian dog that was
the first living creature in space.
Laika died in space
Aug
1960
Koralb – Sputnik BELKA and STRELKA, 2 Russian
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dogs that were the fiert creatures
to return to Earth after orbiting it
for 24 hours.
April
1961
Vostok 1
YURI GAGARIN is the world’s first
spaceman who was a Russian.
1962
Mercury
Capsule
Space JOHN GLENN, an American who
first to orbit the Earth.
1971
Apollo 14
ALAN AHEPARD played golf on
the moon.
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26. Chandra X-Ray Observatory
• space based (above Earth)
NASA Kids video-Chandra Observatory
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