1. Cisco Hands-On Training
IPv6 theory
Darrell Root Sep-09 www.ciscohandsontraining.com
This presentation will be posted in the episode
comments on the website
Saturday, September 19, 2009
3. OSI layer review
source: http://www.softpanorama.org/Net/Images/tcp_ip_layers.gif
Saturday, September 19, 2009
4. Ethernet frame format
Ethernet frame type 0x0800=IPv4
Ethernet frame type 0x86DD=IPv6
source: http://cs.uccs.edu/~cs522/msgformat/hw1_ht1.gif
Saturday, September 19, 2009
11. IPv6 address example
and shortening rules
192.168.33.76
2001:0db8:0032:0000:0000:5bf0:3f2d:8f8a
2001:db8:32::5bf0:3f2d:8f8a
Saturday, September 19, 2009
12. IPv6 netmasks
2001:0db8:0032:48c3:4f21:5bfe:3f2d:8f8a
2001:0db8::/32 Typical small ISP allocation
Typical allocation for
2001:0db8:0032::/48 enterprise, building, or home
2001:0db8:0032:48c3::/ Typical subnet (including p2p
64 links)
2001:0db8:0032:48c3:4 Loopback interface
f21:5bfe:3f2d:8f8a/128
Saturday, September 19, 2009
13. IPv6 netmask sizes
65536 sites each with
/32
/48
65536 subnets each of
/48
size /64
One subnet with 16
/64
billion billion hosts
Used for loopback
/128
interfaces
Saturday, September 19, 2009
16. IPv6 address types
(www.iana.org)
2000::/3 through 3fff::/3 Global Unicast
fc00::/7 through fdff::/7 Unique local unicast
fe80::/10 through febf::/10 Link local unicast
ff00::/8 through ffff::/8 multicast
Saturday, September 19, 2009
18. ipv6 well known
multicast addresses
• ff02::1 all hosts on local subnet
• ff02::2 all routers on local subnet
• ff02::5, ff02::6 OSPFv3
• ff02::9 RIPng
Saturday, September 19, 2009
19. IPv6 multicast to
ethernet multicast
(src: technet.microsoft.com)
Saturday, September 19, 2009
21. IPv6 duplicate address
detection
00:1b:63:f0:8a:93 > 33:33:ff:f0:8a:93, ethertype IPv6
(0x86dd), length 78: :: > ff02::1:fff0:8a93: ICMP6, neighbor
solicitation, who has fe80::21b:63ff:fef0:8a93, length 24
(no reply, so no duplicate address detected)
Saturday, September 19, 2009
22. IPv6 router
advertisements
00:1f:f3:3c:fc:d5 > 33:33:00:00:00:01, ethertype IPv6 (0x86dd),
length 110: (hlim 255, next-header ICMPv6 (58) payload length:
56) fe80::21f:f3ff:fe3c:fcd5 > ff02::1: [icmp6 sum ok] ICMP6, router
advertisement, length 56
hop limit 64, Flags [none], pref medium, router lifetime 1800s,
reachable time 0s, retrans time 0s
source link-address option (1), length 8 (1): 00:1f:f3:3c:fc:d5
0x0000: 001f f33c fcd5
prefix info option (3), length 32 (4): 2001:db8:1f05:2e5::/64, Flags
[onlink, auto], valid time 2592000s, pref. time 604800s
Saturday, September 19, 2009
23. IPv6 address stateless
autoconfiguration (RFC2462)
• Host has MAC address 1234:5678:90ab
• After using duplicate address detection, host
assumes IPv6 link-local address
fe80::1234:56FF:FE78:90ab
• Host sends router solicitation and receives
router advertisement with prefix
2001:db8:1234:5678::/64
• Host uses DAD and eventually assumes IPv6
address
2001:db8:1234:5678:1234:56FF:FE78:90ab
Saturday, September 19, 2009
24. IPv6 Cisco IOS support
• Introduced in 12.2T
• Integrated into mainline in 12.3
• Many recent new features, so use at least 12.4
mainline
• For cat6, use 12.2(18)SXF or later (currently 12.2
(18)SXF16, 12.2(33)SXH5, or 12.2(33)SXI2a
• IP plus feature set, or advanced IP services
feature set (very recent releases include it in IP
services)
Saturday, September 19, 2009
25. IPv6 map example
All IPv6 addresses start with:
2001:0db8:0: Top
lo0 1::1/128
s0 s1
2::1/64 1::5/126
s1 s0
2::2/64 1::6/126
s0 s1
3::1/64 3::2/64
Middle bottom
lo0 1::2/128 lo0 1::3/128
Saturday, September 19, 2009
26. IPv6 configuration
example
ipv6 unicast-routing
interface Serial1
no ip address
ipv6 address 2001:DB8:0:2::2/64
ipv6 rip bob enable
clock rate 64000
!
ipv6 router rip bob
Saturday, September 19, 2009