2007 - University of Florida Course Gender and Development

1. Andean WomenUnder Spanish Rule “Children of the Sun and the Moon”

2. Socio-Economic Conditions Prior to the Inca Conquest Ayllu and Mutual Assistance Parallel and Cross-transmission of inheritance Demands of Labor and Reciprocity

3. Socio-Economic Conditions During the Inca Empire Obligations between Incas and subjugated tribes Mita service and Ayllu’s Self-Sufficiency Flexible gender division of labor

4. Socio-Economic Conditions After the Spanish Conquest Exploitation of native populations Concept of private ownership and land tenure Population decline and native mortality

5. Politico-Religious Conditions Prior to the Inca Conquest: Male and female Curacas Civil and religious hierarchy composed of both genders

6. Politico-Religious Conditions Prior to the Inca Conquest: Coya and her control over territory. Incorporations of cults from conquered Andean tribes by the Inca Children of the Sun and the Moon

7. Politico-Religious Conditions After the Spanish Conquest: Married women and Indians were legal minors Dismantling of the state cults to the sun and the moon Political and religious organizations were reserved for men

8. Cosmology Before the Spanish Conquest Both genders could become religious ministers Emphasis on balance and reciprocity Female deities (Creation and Reproduction)

9. Cosmology After the Spanish Conquest Persecution of women and their classification as witches Association of Inca female deities with female saints and virgins. Sexual abuse of women Indigenous religion was driven underground

10. Women of the Puna Women fled to the high tablelands They held positions previously assigned to men Revival of indigenous culture Struggle against Catholicism