1. 1
FASCISM ANTIQUE AND MODERN OF THE UNITED STATES
Fernando Alcoforado *
The fascism antique is a political movement that emerged in Italy after the First World
War, in the 20s, under the leadership of Benito Mussolini. Besides the Mussolini regime
in Italy, are considered fascist Germany's Adolf Hitler and Spain's Francisco Franco,
among others, who settled between the 1st and 2nd World War, in the 30s. The fascism
antique represented a reaction of the conservative forces of Europe against the rise to
power of workers in several countries after the victory of socialism in the Soviet Union
in 1917 and based on conceptions strongly nationalistic and totalitarian exercise of
power, so against the democratic system and liberal, and repression against the social
democratic, socialists and communists ideas.
Fascism antique deployed during the decades of 20 and 30 of the twentieth century was
based on a strong state, totalitarian, which claimed to embody the spirit of the people, in
the exercise of power by a single party whose authority was imposed through violence,
repression and political propaganda. The fascist leader is a figure who is above the
common man. Mussolini was known as Il Duce, which derives from the Latin Dux
(General) and Hitler was known as Fuehrer (Driver, Guide, Leader, Chief). Both leaders
were messianic and authoritarian, with a power that was exercised unilaterally without
consulting anyone. In Germany, fascism antique was named Nazism. This movement
also had a strong racial component, promulgating the superiority of the Aryan race and
tried to exterminate the Jews, Gypsies and blacks.
Fascism antique was characterized also by aggressive nationalism, militarism and
imperialism in the service of the ruling classes, the cult of the chief at anti-communism
and dictatorship. To implement its principles were it ignored individual rights of
citizens, the Parliament was transformed into a mere advisory body and it was created
the political police that crushed all opposition to the regime. Fascism was a model to
many other dictatorships that are deployed in Europe in the period between the two
World Wars, including the dictatorships of Franco in Spain and Salazar in Portugal,
which is why fascism became fit as well dictatorship totalitarian far right.
In the United States, a modern fascism was deployed during the administrations of
George W. Bush and Barack Obama that is distributed under a liberal rhetoric. Fascism
modern arose as a response to the terrorist threat from the attack of September 11, 2001
and as a strategy to cope with the decline of the United States as a hegemonic power in
the world. In modern fascism did not see the soldiers marching in goose step, the gas
chambers and the messianic leader as in Mussolini's Italy and Hitler's Germany. Instead
of soldiers’ goose step, there is the militarization of the entire culture, always in
constant reinforcement. In place of the gas chambers there, as a substitute, the structural
reinforcement of armed violence, incarceration of legions of poor and underserved and
relentless surveillance on citizens [See the article Era Obama: o fascismo liberal nos
EUA (Era Obama : Liberal Fascism in the USA) available on the website < http :/ /
www.vermelho.org.br/farc/noticia.php?id_noticia=206628&id_secao=9 >]. In place of
the messianic leader emerge as false liberal leader Barack Obama not to show the true
character of the Fascist regime.
The false liberal leader not messianic, Obama came to power with the thesis of
"change" that was replaced by perfect submission to the military-industrial complex and
the financial system by accepting without protest the war, assassinations, redemptions

2. 2
of banks and obscene military budgets. Obama is doing his best to stay afloat and
functioning monopoly capitalism. In place of the dive bombers Stukas used by Nazi
Germany during World War 2, there is now a much more effective weapon, the
unmanned aircraft (drones) that are used to premeditated murder and terrorize entire
populations, just as the Stukas , associated with Nazi flying bombs. Even if not
considered records thousands of individuals with premeditation murdered by order
direct, personal, President Obama, yet there were many elements to describe the context
and U.S. presidential flourishing liberal fascism [See the article Era Obama: o fascismo
liberal nos EUA (Era Obama : Liberal Fascism in the USA) available on the website <
http :/ / www.vermelho.org.br/farc/noticia.php?id_noticia=206628&id_secao=9 >].
Militarism with the use of drones, the global network of military bases, extravagant
budgets to buy more high-tech weaponry, the expansion of operations in the Pacific to
increase U.S. presence in Asia to '' contain '' China alive, strong and active during the
Obama administration that draws great plans and makes perpetual war, carried on by
military forces with atomic bombs ''modernized'' kept invisible before world public
opinion. The modern fascism under the guise of liberal United States many years ago
remains active in counterrevolutionary actions and interventionism on governments and
businesses around the world militarily acting openly as occurred in Iraq, Afghanistan,
Libya, among other countries, and subliminally with espionage as revealed by
Wikileaks and more recently, by the revelations of Edward Snowden .
In the article EUA à beira do fascismo sob uma fachada de liberalismo (U.S. on the
brink of fascism under a facade of liberalism), available on website
<http://www.diarioliberdade.org/mundo/direitos-nacionais-e-imperialismo/32090-eua-
%C3%A0-beira-do-fascismo-sob-uma-fachada-de-liberalismo.html>, there is the
assertion that the list of Obama's betrayals is long and covers virtually all its public
policy without exception. In public health, Obama favored " Big Pharma", the giant
drug makers, in civil liberties, Obama worked against the habeas corpus rights of
detainees invoking the law against espionage leakers true information not contradicted,
took his alertness and control far beyond any previous government, with its National
Security Agency, today, almost unbelievably, already legally authorized to hear behind
any door, continues while the trafficking of prisoners placed under the responsibility of
the State, but are delivered to other states to be tortured .
In the same article it is stated that militarism is supported in drones - Gun Carrying, for
the entire planet, the signature of Barack Obama - who terrorize whole cities, they have
learned to fear the death that comes from the sky, sported in naval power the South
China Sea to the Mediterranean, in a whole new generation of nuclear weapons already
in the assembly line and a military budget which is the largest proportion of all time. Is
this fascist government of Mr. Obama, who under the pretext of punishing the regime of
Bashar al - Assad by unproven use of chemical weapons against civilians, intends to
attack militarily Syria in retaliation.
* Alcoforado, Fernando, engineer and doctor of Territorial Planning and Regional Development from the
University of Barcelona, a university professor and consultant in strategic planning, business planning,
regional planning and planning of energy systems, is the author of Globalização (Editora Nobel, São
Paulo, 1997), De Collor a FHC- O Brasil e a Nova (Des)ordem Mundial (Editora Nobel, São Paulo,
1998), Um Projeto para o Brasil (Editora Nobel, São Paulo, 2000), Os condicionantes do
desenvolvimento do Estado da Bahia (Tese de doutorado. Universidade de Barcelona,
http://www.tesisenred.net/handle/10803/1944, 2003), Globalização e Desenvolvimento (Editora Nobel,
São Paulo, 2006), Bahia- Desenvolvimento do Século XVI ao Século XX e Objetivos Estratégicos na Era
Contemporânea (EGBA, Salvador, 2008), The Necessary Conditions of the Economic and Social

3. 3
Development-The Case of the State of Bahia (VDM Verlag Dr. Muller Aktiengesellschaft & Co. KG,
Saarbrücken, Germany, 2010), Aquecimento Global e Catástrofe Planetária (P&A Gráfica e Editora,
Salvador, 2010), Amazônia Sustentável- Para o progresso do Brasil e combate ao aquecimento global
(Viena- Editora e Gráfica, Santa Cruz do Rio Pardo, São Paulo, 2011) and Os Fatores Condicionantes do
Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (Editora CRV, Curitiba, 2012), among others.